Question 1

Williams syndrome provides evidence for

Accepted Answer

A)  environmental influences on language. 
B)  the benefits of enrichment programs for children with dyslexia. 
C)  the heritability of language. 
D)  the epigenetics of language. 
A)  environmental influences on language. 
B)  the benefits of enrichment programs for children with dyslexia. 
C)  the heritability of language. 
D)  the epigenetics of language. C

Question 2

Compare and contrast deep dyslexia with surface dyslexia.

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia (also known as alexia) is a reading disorder attributed to brain impairment. It is derived from from the Greek dys ("bad") and lexis ("word") and is characterized by a mild to severe difficulty with reading. It can be either developmental or acquired. Acquired dyslexia presents in two forms: Deep dyslexia is characterized by an abundance of semantic errors. That is, a person will incorrectly read a word as another semantically related word. With surface dyslexia, only the fine details of reading are attended to. That is, a person makes mistakes when the visual appearance (spelling) of the word is inconsistent with the HYPERLINK "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pronunciation" pronunciation rules.

Question 3

Birdsong is similar to human speech in that

Accepted Answer

A)  proper expression of the FOXP2 gene appears to be crucial. 
B)  the right hemisphere has a greater effect on vocal behavior. 
C)  juveniles do not have to be exposed to vocal adults to develop normal singing behavior. 
D)  both human and bird communication incorporate prosody. 
A)  proper expression of the FOXP2 gene appears to be crucial. 
B)  the right hemisphere has a greater effect on vocal behavior. 
C)  juveniles do not have to be exposed to vocal adults to develop normal singing behavior. 
D)  both human and bird communication incorporate prosody. A

Question 4

How have research findings from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) challenged the connectionist model of aphasia?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How have research findings from diffusion tensor...

Question 5

Which of the following is correct about the word "unbreakable"?

Accepted Answer

A)  It consists of three phonemes. 
B)  U is a morpheme. 
C)  Break is an example of pragmatics. 
D)  Able is a morpheme. 
A)  It consists of three phonemes. 
B)  U is a morpheme. 
C)  Break is an example of pragmatics. 
D)  Able is a morpheme.

Question 6

Nonverbal visual stimuli, such as faces or shapes, are recognized more accurately if they are presented to the

Accepted Answer

A)  left visual field. 
B)  right visual field. 
C)  left hemisphere. 
D)  precise center of the two visual fields. 
A)  left visual field. 
B)  right visual field. 
C)  left hemisphere. 
D)  precise center of the two visual fields.

Question 7

In ERP studies of normal subjects, it has been found that a grammatically correct sentence containing a word whose meaning does not fit into the sentence provokes a(n) _______ wave from _______ cortex.

Accepted Answer

A)  N400; temporoparietal 
B)  N400; dorsolateral 
C)  P600; temporoparietal 
D)  P600; dorsolateral 
A)  N400; temporoparietal 
B)  N400; dorsolateral 
C)  P600; temporoparietal 
D)  P600; dorsolateral

Question 8

An exciting, but controversial future treatment for brain injury may be the use of _______ to replace the damaged neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A)  astereognosis 
B)  hemispherectomy 
C)  embryonic stem cells 
D)  tau protein overexpression 
A)  astereognosis 
B)  hemispherectomy 
C)  embryonic stem cells 
D)  tau protein overexpression

Question 9

A prominent structural asymmetry in the brains of typical humans is apparent in the _______, which is located on the superior surface of the _______ lobe.

Accepted Answer

A)  Wernicke's area; frontal 
B)  fusiform gyrus; parietal 
C)  planum temporale; temporal 
D)  corpus callosum; parietal 
A)  Wernicke's area; frontal 
B)  fusiform gyrus; parietal 
C)  planum temporale; temporal 
D)  corpus callosum; parietal

Question 10

Because apes seem able to learn a version of American Sign Language (ASL), some researchers have concluded that they are able to acquire language. Those who disagree, however, offer which criticism of this conclusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chimpanzees do not sign accurately enough to prove that they can acquire language. 
B)  Chimpanzees do not produce novel sequences of signs. 
C)  Chimpanzees may only be imitating the gestures of trainers. 
D)  Chimpanzees do not have the fine motor control to fully execute ASL. 
A)  Chimpanzees do not sign accurately enough to prove that they can acquire language. 
B)  Chimpanzees do not produce novel sequences of signs. 
C)  Chimpanzees may only be imitating the gestures of trainers. 
D)  Chimpanzees do not have the fine motor control to fully execute ASL.

Question 11

Discuss some of the data concerning the organization of language in the brain as revealed by electrical stimulation of the brain in conscious humans.

Accepted Answer

Electrical stimulation of the brain in c

Question 12

The grammatical rules for constructing sentences in a given language is called _______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The grammatical rules for constructing sentences in...

Question 13

Describe the experimental approaches that have been used in the study of hemispheric lateralization of function in humans, and discuss the major findings that have resulted from these studies.

Accepted Answer

The study of hemispheric lateralization

Question 14

A 45-year old individual that played football all his life is showing signs of confusion and memory loss. If you were to examine his brain, what would you expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abnormal expression of tau 
B)  Increased cortical folding 
C)  Increased clusters of neurons in unusual locations 
D)  Decreased activation of the right planum temporale 
A)  Abnormal expression of tau 
B)  Increased cortical folding 
C)  Increased clusters of neurons in unusual locations 
D)  Decreased activation of the right planum temporale

Question 15

Why might embryonic stem cells be useful for brain repair after a stroke or injury?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why might embryonic stem cells be useful...

Question 16

Which statement about language lateralization in monkeys is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Similar to humans, monkeys show a preference for using the right ear (which has connects to the contralateral side) to listen to vocalizations of conspecifics. 
B)  Only chimps (not monkeys) show a preference for using the right ear (which has connects to the contralateral side) to listen to vocalizations of conspecifics. 
C)  Unlike humans, monkeys show a reverse pattern language lateralization; with a left ear advantage. 
D)  Unlike humans, monkeys show no preference for using either ear to listen to vocalizations of conspecifics. 
A)  Similar to humans, monkeys show a preference for using the right ear (which has connects to the contralateral side) to listen to vocalizations of conspecifics. 
B)  Only chimps (not monkeys) show a preference for using the right ear (which has connects to the contralateral side) to listen to vocalizations of conspecifics. 
C)  Unlike humans, monkeys show a reverse pattern language lateralization; with a left ear advantage. 
D)  Unlike humans, monkeys show no preference for using either ear to listen to vocalizations of conspecifics.

Question 17

The challenge facing researchers who seek to study the functions of the two brain hemispheres is that the hemispheres have many connections and function as one. The solution to this has been to study _______ patients in which the _______ has been cut, thereby separating the connection between the hemispheres.

Accepted Answer

A)  split-brain; planum temporal 
B)  two-brain; primary auditory cortex 
C)  split-brain; corpus callosum 
D)  two-brain; fusiform gyrus 
A)  split-brain; planum temporal 
B)  two-brain; primary auditory cortex 
C)  split-brain; corpus callosum 
D)  two-brain; fusiform gyrus

Question 18

The _______ hemisphere plays a major role in the perception of music. The _______ hemisphere plays a major role in prosody.

Accepted Answer

A)  right; left 
B)  left; right 
C)  right; right 
D)  left; left 
A)  right; left 
B)  left; right 
C)  right; right 
D)  left; left

Question 19

Early studies using electrodes to stimulate discrete areas of cortex, thereby disrupting neural function, found

Accepted Answer

A)  many new brain regions important in vision. 
B)  many new brain regions important in auditory processing. 
C)  that electrical stimulation enhanced language abilities. 
D)  that electrical stimulation interfered with language abilities. 
A)  many new brain regions important in vision. 
B)  many new brain regions important in auditory processing. 
C)  that electrical stimulation enhanced language abilities. 
D)  that electrical stimulation interfered with language abilities.

Question 20

The sounds that make up a language are called _______, and the system of rules for producing sentences is called _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  linguists; pragmatics 
B)  dichotics; syntax 
C)  morphemes; prosody 
D)  phonemes; grammar 
A)  linguists; pragmatics 
B)  dichotics; syntax 
C)  morphemes; prosody 
D)  phonemes; grammar

Williams syndrome provides evidence for

Compare and contrast deep dyslexia with surface dyslexia.

Birdsong is similar to human speech in that

How have research findings from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) challenged the connectionist model of aphasia?

Which of the following is correct about the word "unbreakable"?

Nonverbal visual stimuli, such as faces or shapes, are recognized more accurately if they are presented to the

In ERP studies of normal subjects, it has been found that a grammatically correct sentence containing a word whose meaning does not fit into the sentence provokes a(n) _ wave from _ cortex.

An exciting, but controversial future treatment for brain injury may be the use of _______ to replace the damaged neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

A prominent structural asymmetry in the brains of typical humans is apparent in the _, which is located on the superior surface of the _ lobe.

Because apes seem able to learn a version of American Sign Language (ASL), some researchers have concluded that they are able to acquire language. Those who disagree, however, offer which criticism of this conclusion?

Discuss some of the data concerning the organization of language in the brain as revealed by electrical stimulation of the brain in conscious humans.

The grammatical rules for constructing sentences in a given language is called _______.

Describe the experimental approaches that have been used in the study of hemispheric lateralization of function in humans, and discuss the major findings that have resulted from these studies.

A 45-year old individual that played football all his life is showing signs of confusion and memory loss. If you were to examine his brain, what would you expect to find?

Why might embryonic stem cells be useful for brain repair after a stroke or injury?

Which statement about language lateralization in monkeys is true?

The challenge facing researchers who seek to study the functions of the two brain hemispheres is that the hemispheres have many connections and function as one. The solution to this has been to study _ patients in which the _ has been cut, thereby separating the connection between the hemispheres.

The _ hemisphere plays a major role in the perception of music. The _ hemisphere plays a major role in prosody.

Early studies using electrodes to stimulate discrete areas of cortex, thereby disrupting neural function, found

The sounds that make up a language are called _, and the system of rules for producing sentences is called _.

Introduction: Building the Minds Machine

Cells and Structures: the Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals

The Chemistry of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology

Development of the Brain

The Sensorimotor System

Hearing, Balance, Taste, and Smell

Vision: From Eye to Brain

Hormones and Sex

Homeostasis: Active Regulation of the Internal Environment

Biological Rhythms and Sleep

Emotions, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology: The Biology of Behavioral Disorders

Memory, Learning, and Development

Attention and Higher Cognition

Filters

Exam 16: Language and Lateralization

Williams syndrome provides evidence for

Compare and contrast deep dyslexia with surface dyslexia.

Birdsong is similar to human speech in that

How have research findings from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) challenged the connectionist model of aphasia?

Which of the following is correct about the word "unbreakable"?

Nonverbal visual stimuli, such as faces or shapes, are recognized more accurately if they are presented to the

In ERP studies of normal subjects, it has been found that a grammatically correct sentence containing a word whose meaning does not fit into the sentence provokes a(n) _______ wave from _______ cortex.

An exciting, but controversial future treatment for brain injury may be the use of _______ to replace the damaged neurons in the brain and spinal cord.

A prominent structural asymmetry in the brains of typical humans is apparent in the _______, which is located on the superior surface of the _______ lobe.

Because apes seem able to learn a version of American Sign Language (ASL), some researchers have concluded that they are able to acquire language. Those who disagree, however, offer which criticism of this conclusion?

Discuss some of the data concerning the organization of language in the brain as revealed by electrical stimulation of the brain in conscious humans.

The grammatical rules for constructing sentences in a given language is called _______.

Describe the experimental approaches that have been used in the study of hemispheric lateralization of function in humans, and discuss the major findings that have resulted from these studies.

A 45-year old individual that played football all his life is showing signs of confusion and memory loss. If you were to examine his brain, what would you expect to find?

Why might embryonic stem cells be useful for brain repair after a stroke or injury?

Which statement about language lateralization in monkeys is true?

The _______ hemisphere plays a major role in the perception of music. The _______ hemisphere plays a major role in prosody.

Early studies using electrodes to stimulate discrete areas of cortex, thereby disrupting neural function, found

The sounds that make up a language are called _______, and the system of rules for producing sentences is called _______.

Introduction: Building the Minds Machine

Cells and Structures: the Anatomy of the Nervous System

Neurophysiology: The Generation, Transmission, and Integration of Neural Signals

The Chemistry of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology

Development of the Brain

The Sensorimotor System

Hearing, Balance, Taste, and Smell

Vision: From Eye to Brain

Hormones and Sex

Homeostasis: Active Regulation of the Internal Environment

Biological Rhythms and Sleep

Emotions, Aggression, and Stress

Psychopathology: The Biology of Behavioral Disorders

Memory, Learning, and Development

Attention and Higher Cognition

Filters

In ERP studies of normal subjects, it has been found that a grammatically correct sentence containing a word whose meaning does not fit into the sentence provokes a(n) _ wave from _ cortex.

A prominent structural asymmetry in the brains of typical humans is apparent in the _, which is located on the superior surface of the _ lobe.

The _ hemisphere plays a major role in the perception of music. The _ hemisphere plays a major role in prosody.

The sounds that make up a language are called _, and the system of rules for producing sentences is called _.