Exam 11: Biological Rhythms and Sleep

Many people with narcolepsy also exhibit _______, in which muscle tone is suddenly lost without loss of _______.

People who tend to wake up in the morning with lots of energy likely carry a different version of the _______ gene than night owls, who stay up late at night and are drowsy in the morning.

Norepinephrine innervation to the brain comes primarily from the

If an adult hamster with a 24-hour endogenous rhythm receives a lesion to the SCN and a subsequent SCN transplant from a young hamster with an endogenous rhythm of 20 hours, which outcome occurs?

Which characteristic EEG pattern is seen during stage 2 sleep?

What is the primary evolutionary benefit of a circadian rhythm?

Explain how gene mutations in tau and Clock affect circadian rhythms.

People diagnosed with sleep apnea show all of the following symptoms except

How do dolphins sleep if they must regularly come to the water's surface to breathe?

Create a short paragraph using the following terms: zeitgeber, entrainment, free-run, and phase shift

Describe the effects of long-term sleep deprivation on human health and performance.

The isolated forebrain preparation involves a cut through the

The stimulus (usually the light-dark cycle) that entrains circadian rhythms is called a(n)

Describe the four interacting neural systems that underlie sleep.

In a person who is sleeping, _______ sleep shows periodic bursts of 12‒14 Hz brain activity in an EEG recording.

If you recall a vivid dream as you wake up, you likely to have been in _______ sleep just before awakening.

What is the significance of the finding that the isolated brain exhibits signs of alternating between wakefulness, SWS, and REM sleep?

If a hamster is kept in a laboratory and receives no information about changes in day length or temperature (i.e. housed in constant dark), its rhythms will eventually _______, with a daily cycle that lasts a bit longer than 24 hours.

Dreams experienced during REM sleep are characterized by

The EEG of a person in _______ sleep is characterized by brief periods of sleep spindles and K complexes.