Question 1

Personality researchers sometimes examine the personalities of children who were adopted shortly after birth. They do this because

Accepted Answer

A)  these children were likely raised in a very supportive, nurturing environment. 
B)  genetic and environmental influences are not confounded like they are when examining children raised by their biological parents. 
C)  extensive records of the child's health and early personality indicators are available. 
D)  the researchers want to know if adoption is traumatic for the children. 
A)  these children were likely raised in a very supportive, nurturing environment. 
B)  genetic and environmental influences are not confounded like they are when examining children raised by their biological parents. 
C)  extensive records of the child's health and early personality indicators are available. 
D)  the researchers want to know if adoption is traumatic for the children. B

Question 2

How do most personality researchers phrase the "nature-nurture" question today?

Accepted Answer

A)  Which determines personality-genetics or the environment? 
B)  Which is more important in determining personality-genetics or the environment? 
C)  To what extent are our personalities influenced by genetics? 
D)  To what extent and how do both genetics and the environment influence personality? 
A)  Which determines personality-genetics or the environment? 
B)  Which is more important in determining personality-genetics or the environment? 
C)  To what extent are our personalities influenced by genetics? 
D)  To what extent and how do both genetics and the environment influence personality? D

Question 3

Discuss what men look for in women and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in men. Discuss what women look for in men and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in women.

Accepted Answer

NOT ANSWERED

Question 4

For extraverts, friends often serve as an important buffer against stress. This finding supports the idea that extraverts

Accepted Answer

A)  are generally more anxious than introverts. 
B)  often find interacting with friends an unpleasant experience. 
C)  are less sensitive to information about rewards than introverts. 
D)  have higher positive affect due to greater social activity. 
A)  are generally more anxious than introverts. 
B)  often find interacting with friends an unpleasant experience. 
C)  are less sensitive to information about rewards than introverts. 
D)  have higher positive affect due to greater social activity.

Question 5

One reason twin studies produce higher estimates of heritability than some other methods may be that the twin studies

Accepted Answer

A)  capture nonadditive effects of genetics. 
B)  often incorrectly classify dizygotic and monozygotic twins. 
C)  are based on small samples. 
D)  overlook gender differences. 
A)  capture nonadditive effects of genetics. 
B)  often incorrectly classify dizygotic and monozygotic twins. 
C)  are based on small samples. 
D)  overlook gender differences.

Question 6

One team of investigators examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library. They based their predictions on which of the following notions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extraverts enjoy people more than introverts do. 
B)  Introverts are more likely to study in the library than extraverts. 
C)  Extraverts and introverts have different levels of preferred arousal and different sensitivity to stimulation. 
D)  Introverts are less spontaneous than extraverts. 
A)  Extraverts enjoy people more than introverts do. 
B)  Introverts are more likely to study in the library than extraverts. 
C)  Extraverts and introverts have different levels of preferred arousal and different sensitivity to stimulation. 
D)  Introverts are less spontaneous than extraverts.

Question 7

Which of the following hypothetical research findings would present a problem for researchers trying to interpret results from a twin-study design?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parents of monozygotic twins treat the two twins more alike than do parents of dizygotic twins. 
B)  Dizygotic twins don't look as much like one another as do monozygotic twins. 
C)  Parents treat female pairs of twins differently than they treat male twins. 
D)  There are more dizygotic twins born each year than monozygotic twins. 
A)  Parents of monozygotic twins treat the two twins more alike than do parents of dizygotic twins. 
B)  Dizygotic twins don't look as much like one another as do monozygotic twins. 
C)  Parents treat female pairs of twins differently than they treat male twins. 
D)  There are more dizygotic twins born each year than monozygotic twins.

Question 8

Extraverts are less likely than introverts to seek out tasks that will make them happy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Researchers have difficulty determining genetic influences on personality when they simply compare children with their parents. This is because

Accepted Answer

A)  it is difficult to find comparable measures for children and adults. 
B)  genetic and environmental influences on personality are confounded when using this method. 
C)  it is difficult to find control groups that match the experimental groups. 
D)  we need to follow the development of the children's personalities for many years to determine genetic influences. 
A)  it is difficult to find comparable measures for children and adults. 
B)  genetic and environmental influences on personality are confounded when using this method. 
C)  it is difficult to find control groups that match the experimental groups. 
D)  we need to follow the development of the children's personalities for many years to determine genetic influences.

Question 10

Siblings' personalities may be similar because

Accepted Answer

A)  children inherited personality traits from their parents. 
B)  siblings share the same living environments during childhood. 
C)  siblings are raised in the same way by parents. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  children inherited personality traits from their parents. 
B)  siblings share the same living environments during childhood. 
C)  siblings are raised in the same way by parents. 
D)  all of the above

Question 11

You know a woman who has many friends and is often out having fun. But this woman also typically acts before thinking, thus bringing her a lot of trouble. This woman is probably

Accepted Answer

A)  high on neuroticism. 
B)  low on neuroticism. 
C)  an extravert. 
D)  an introvert. 
A)  high on neuroticism. 
B)  low on neuroticism. 
C)  an extravert. 
D)  an introvert.

Question 12

Based on research on extraversion-introversion, which piece of advice seems justified?

Accepted Answer

A)  Extraverts should isolate themselves in a quiet place if they are going to get any work done. 
B)  Introverts should move to a more stimulating environment if they are having trouble studying. 
C)  Because they are less aware of external disturbances than extraverts are, introverts should be better able to study in a room filled with potential distractions. 
D)  Introverts should study in quieter places than extraverts study. 
A)  Extraverts should isolate themselves in a quiet place if they are going to get any work done. 
B)  Introverts should move to a more stimulating environment if they are having trouble studying. 
C)  Because they are less aware of external disturbances than extraverts are, introverts should be better able to study in a room filled with potential distractions. 
D)  Introverts should study in quieter places than extraverts study.

Question 13

A personality psychologist designs an experiment in which she plans to use the twin-study method. The psychologist is probably conducting research to examine the

Accepted Answer

A)  stability of temperament over time. 
B)  influence of genetics on personality. 
C)  influence of siblings on personality. 
D)  effects of birth order on personality. 
A)  stability of temperament over time. 
B)  influence of genetics on personality. 
C)  influence of siblings on personality. 
D)  effects of birth order on personality.

Question 14

Behavior genetics researchers have taken their data from twin studies and used formulas to estimate that about _________ percent of the stability in adult personalities can be attributed to genetics.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40 
A)  10 
B)  20 
C)  30 
D)  40

Question 15

Those twins we commonly call "identical twins" are more technically called

Accepted Answer

A)  monozygotic. 
B)  dizygotic. 
C)  difertilized eggs. 
D)  fraternal twins. 
A)  monozygotic. 
B)  dizygotic. 
C)  difertilized eggs. 
D)  fraternal twins.

Question 16

The genetic influence of some personality traits may not be seen unless a specific combination of genes in inherited. Such complex influences are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  monozygotic influences. 
B)  nonadditive effects. 
C)  combinatorial effects. 
D)  genetic correlations. 
A)  monozygotic influences. 
B)  nonadditive effects. 
C)  combinatorial effects. 
D)  genetic correlations.

Question 17

As reported in the textbook, research demonstrating a genetic influence on a person's level of extraversion-introversion comes primarily from research

Accepted Answer

A)  using the twin-study method. 
B)  comparing adopted children and biological children to their parents. 
C)  comparing strength of relationship with similarity of personality scores. 
D)  comparing adopted children's personalities with the personalities of their biological parents. 
A)  using the twin-study method. 
B)  comparing adopted children and biological children to their parents. 
C)  comparing strength of relationship with similarity of personality scores. 
D)  comparing adopted children's personalities with the personalities of their biological parents.

Question 18

According to the parental investment model, women prefer men who are

Accepted Answer

A)  the same age they are. 
B)  capable of achieving financial security. 
C)  physically attractive. 
D)  gentle and sensitive to their needs. 
A)  the same age they are. 
B)  capable of achieving financial security. 
C)  physically attractive. 
D)  gentle and sensitive to their needs.

Question 19

Which of the following is a problem for the assumption that MZ and DZ twins are raised in equally similar environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  DZ twins may be treated more alike than identical twins. 
B)  MZ twins purposefully join different clubs and have different friends. 
C)  MZ twins may share more of their environment than DZ twins. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  DZ twins may be treated more alike than identical twins. 
B)  MZ twins purposefully join different clubs and have different friends. 
C)  MZ twins may share more of their environment than DZ twins. 
D)  All of the above

Question 20

For both technological reasons and ethical reasons, it is not possible to manipulate people's genes and observe the kind of adult they become.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Personality researchers sometimes examine the personalities of children who were adopted shortly after birth. They do this because

How do most personality researchers phrase the "nature-nurture" question today?

Discuss what men look for in women and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in men. Discuss what women look for in men and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in women.

For extraverts, friends often serve as an important buffer against stress. This finding supports the idea that extraverts

One reason twin studies produce higher estimates of heritability than some other methods may be that the twin studies

One team of investigators examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library. They based their predictions on which of the following notions?

Which of the following hypothetical research findings would present a problem for researchers trying to interpret results from a twin-study design?

Extraverts are less likely than introverts to seek out tasks that will make them happy.

Researchers have difficulty determining genetic influences on personality when they simply compare children with their parents. This is because

Siblings' personalities may be similar because

You know a woman who has many friends and is often out having fun. But this woman also typically acts before thinking, thus bringing her a lot of trouble. This woman is probably

Based on research on extraversion-introversion, which piece of advice seems justified?

A personality psychologist designs an experiment in which she plans to use the twin-study method. The psychologist is probably conducting research to examine the

Behavior genetics researchers have taken their data from twin studies and used formulas to estimate that about _________ percent of the stability in adult personalities can be attributed to genetics.

Those twins we commonly call "identical twins" are more technically called

The genetic influence of some personality traits may not be seen unless a specific combination of genes in inherited. Such complex influences are known as

As reported in the textbook, research demonstrating a genetic influence on a person's level of extraversion-introversion comes primarily from research

According to the parental investment model, women prefer men who are

Which of the following is a problem for the assumption that MZ and DZ twins are raised in equally similar environments?

For both technological reasons and ethical reasons, it is not possible to manipulate people's genes and observe the kind of adult they become.

What Is Personality

Personality Research Methods

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Freudian Approach: Relevant Research

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Neo Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

Neo Freudian Theories: Relevant Research

The Trait Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Trait Approach: Relevant Research

The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Relevant Research

The Behavioralsocial Learning Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Behavioral Social Learning Approach: Relevant Research

The Cognitive Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Cognitive Approach: Relevant Research

General Questions

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Exam 10: The Biological Approach: Relevant Research

Personality researchers sometimes examine the personalities of children who were adopted shortly after birth. They do this because

How do most personality researchers phrase the "nature-nurture" question today?

Discuss what men look for in women and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in men. Discuss what women look for in men and describe the research that supports the evolutionary basis of mate selection in women.

For extraverts, friends often serve as an important buffer against stress. This finding supports the idea that extraverts

One reason twin studies produce higher estimates of heritability than some other methods may be that the twin studies

One team of investigators examined where extraverts and introverts sat in the library. They based their predictions on which of the following notions?

Which of the following hypothetical research findings would present a problem for researchers trying to interpret results from a twin-study design?

Extraverts are less likely than introverts to seek out tasks that will make them happy.

Researchers have difficulty determining genetic influences on personality when they simply compare children with their parents. This is because

Siblings' personalities may be similar because

You know a woman who has many friends and is often out having fun. But this woman also typically acts before thinking, thus bringing her a lot of trouble. This woman is probably

Based on research on extraversion-introversion, which piece of advice seems justified?

A personality psychologist designs an experiment in which she plans to use the twin-study method. The psychologist is probably conducting research to examine the

Behavior genetics researchers have taken their data from twin studies and used formulas to estimate that about _________ percent of the stability in adult personalities can be attributed to genetics.

Those twins we commonly call "identical twins" are more technically called

The genetic influence of some personality traits may not be seen unless a specific combination of genes in inherited. Such complex influences are known as

As reported in the textbook, research demonstrating a genetic influence on a person's level of extraversion-introversion comes primarily from research

According to the parental investment model, women prefer men who are

Which of the following is a problem for the assumption that MZ and DZ twins are raised in equally similar environments?

For both technological reasons and ethical reasons, it is not possible to manipulate people's genes and observe the kind of adult they become.

What Is Personality

Personality Research Methods

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Freudian Approach: Relevant Research

The Psychoanalytic Approach: Neo Freudian Theory, Application, and Assessment

Neo Freudian Theories: Relevant Research

The Trait Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Trait Approach: Relevant Research

The Biological Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Humanistic Approach: Relevant Research

The Behavioralsocial Learning Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Behavioral Social Learning Approach: Relevant Research

The Cognitive Approach: Theory, Application, and Assessment

The Cognitive Approach: Relevant Research

General Questions

Filters