Question 1

Inhibitory synapses actively suppress excitatory responses.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Whether or not a neurotransmitter is excitatory depends on the response of the postsynaptic receptor.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

In general,a single neuron releases ____ neurotransmitter(s)and can respond to ____ neurotransmitter(s).​

Accepted Answer

A) one; many 
B) ​dozens of; only one 
C) ​several; only one 
D) several; many 
A) one; many 
B) ​dozens of; only one 
C) ​several; only one 
D) several; many

Question 4

Compared to ionotropic effects,metabotropic effects are ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) quicker and briefer 
B) ​slower and briefer 
C) ​quicker and longer lasting 
D) slower and longer lasting 
A) quicker and briefer 
B) ​slower and briefer 
C) ​quicker and longer lasting 
D) slower and longer lasting

Question 5

Ionotropic effects ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) depolarize the postsynaptic membrane 
B) ​hyperpolarize the postsynaptic membrane 
C) ​may depolarize or hyperpolarize the postsynaptic membrane 
D) enhance the reabsorption of neurotransmitters 
A) depolarize the postsynaptic membrane 
B) ​hyperpolarize the postsynaptic membrane 
C) ​may depolarize or hyperpolarize the postsynaptic membrane 
D) enhance the reabsorption of neurotransmitters

Question 6

The research that firmly established synaptic communication as chemical was ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) Elliot's adrenaline mimicking sympathetic activation 
B) ​Loewi's transfer of fluid from stimulated frog hearts 
C) ​Sherrington's study of reflexes 
D) Eccles's measurement of IPSPs 
A) Elliot's adrenaline mimicking sympathetic activation 
B) ​Loewi's transfer of fluid from stimulated frog hearts 
C) ​Sherrington's study of reflexes 
D) Eccles's measurement of IPSPs

Question 7

​On advantage of nitric oxide is that it ____.

Accepted Answer

A) can be made by neurons efficiently 
B) ​is easily synthesized in a laboratory 
C) ​increases the growth of microglia 
D) safe for human cells in large quantities 
A) can be made by neurons efficiently 
B) ​is easily synthesized in a laboratory 
C) ​increases the growth of microglia 
D) safe for human cells in large quantities

Question 8

What provides the building blocks for synthesizing all neurotransmitters?​

Accepted Answer

A) proteins found in the diet 
B) ​breakdown products of DNA 
C) ​breakdown products formed from other transmitters 
D) methane and ethanol 
A) proteins found in the diet 
B) ​breakdown products of DNA 
C) ​breakdown products formed from other transmitters 
D) methane and ethanol

Question 9

Describe the main chemical events at a synapse.​

Accepted Answer

Understanding the chemical events at a s

Question 10

A metabotropic synapse,by way of its second messenger,____.​

Accepted Answer

A) has effects localized to one point on the membrane 
B) ​can influence activity in much of the presynaptic cell 
C) ​can influence activity in much or all of the postsynaptic cell 
D) has minimal effect on the postsynaptic cell 
A) has effects localized to one point on the membrane 
B) ​can influence activity in much of the presynaptic cell 
C) ​can influence activity in much or all of the postsynaptic cell 
D) has minimal effect on the postsynaptic cell

Question 11

An IPSP represents ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) the location where a dendrite branches 
B) ​a gap in a myelin sheath 
C) ​a subthreshold depolarization 
D) a temporary hyperpolarization 
A) the location where a dendrite branches 
B) ​a gap in a myelin sheath 
C) ​a subthreshold depolarization 
D) a temporary hyperpolarization

Question 12

The anterior pituitary is composed of ____ and the posterior pituitary is composed of ____.​

Accepted Answer

A) glandular tissue; neural tissue 
B) ​neural tissue; glandular tissue 
C) ​neural tissue; neural tissue 
D) glandular tissue; glandular tissue 
A) glandular tissue; neural tissue 
B) ​neural tissue; glandular tissue 
C) ​neural tissue; neural tissue 
D) glandular tissue; glandular tissue

Question 13

Generally speaking,a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The amino acid tryptophan is the precursor to which neurotransmitter?​

Accepted Answer

A) dopamine 
B) ​endorphin 
C) ​serotonin 
D) nitric oxide 
A) dopamine 
B) ​endorphin 
C) ​serotonin 
D) nitric oxide

Question 15

Neurotransmitter levels in the brain can be affected by changes in diet.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which neurotransmitter is released by stimulated neurons to dilate the blood vessels?​

Accepted Answer

A) endorphins 
B) ​glycine 
C) ​nitric oxide 
D) acetylcholine 
A) endorphins 
B) ​glycine 
C) ​nitric oxide 
D) acetylcholine

Question 17

An EPSP is a(n)____.​

Accepted Answer

A) graded depolarization 
B) ​depolarization with a rebounding hyperpolarization 
C) ​graded hyperpolarization 
D) action potential in a reflex arc 
A) graded depolarization 
B) ​depolarization with a rebounding hyperpolarization 
C) ​graded hyperpolarization 
D) action potential in a reflex arc

Question 18

What happens to acetylcholine after it attaches to a receptor on the postsynaptic cell?​

Accepted Answer

A) It is broken down into two components. 
B) ​It is reabsorbed intact by the presynaptic cell. 
C) ​It is metabolized by the postsynaptic cell as a source of energy. 
D) It continues to stimulate the postsynaptic neuron until replaced by another neurotransmitter. 
A) It is broken down into two components. 
B) ​It is reabsorbed intact by the presynaptic cell. 
C) ​It is metabolized by the postsynaptic cell as a source of energy. 
D) It continues to stimulate the postsynaptic neuron until replaced by another neurotransmitter.

Question 19

Most neurons release more than one kind of neurotransmitter.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Metabotropic synapses use a large variety of transmitters.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Inhibitory synapses actively suppress excitatory responses.

Whether or not a neurotransmitter is excitatory depends on the response of the postsynaptic receptor.

In general,a single neuron releases neurotransmitter(s)and can respond to neurotransmitter(s).

Compared to ionotropic effects,metabotropic effects are ____.

Ionotropic effects ____.

The research that firmly established synaptic communication as chemical was ____.

On advantage of nitric oxide is that it ____.

What provides the building blocks for synthesizing all neurotransmitters?

Describe the main chemical events at a synapse.

A metabotropic synapse,by way of its second messenger,____.

An IPSP represents ____.

The anterior pituitary is composed of and the posterior pituitary is composed of .

Generally speaking,a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.

The amino acid tryptophan is the precursor to which neurotransmitter?

Neurotransmitter levels in the brain can be affected by changes in diet.

Which neurotransmitter is released by stimulated neurons to dilate the blood vessels?

An EPSP is a(n)____.

What happens to acetylcholine after it attaches to a receptor on the postsynaptic cell?

Most neurons release more than one kind of neurotransmitter.

Metabotropic synapses use a large variety of transmitters.

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

Exam 2: Synapses

Inhibitory synapses actively suppress excitatory responses.​

Whether or not a neurotransmitter is excitatory depends on the response of the postsynaptic receptor.​

In general,a single neuron releases ____ neurotransmitter(s)and can respond to ____ neurotransmitter(s).​

Compared to ionotropic effects,metabotropic effects are ____.​

Ionotropic effects ____.​

The research that firmly established synaptic communication as chemical was ____.​

​On advantage of nitric oxide is that it ____.

What provides the building blocks for synthesizing all neurotransmitters?​

Describe the main chemical events at a synapse.​

A metabotropic synapse,by way of its second messenger,____.​

An IPSP represents ____.​

The anterior pituitary is composed of ____ and the posterior pituitary is composed of ____.​

Generally speaking,a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.​

The amino acid tryptophan is the precursor to which neurotransmitter?​

Neurotransmitter levels in the brain can be affected by changes in diet.​

Which neurotransmitter is released by stimulated neurons to dilate the blood vessels?​

An EPSP is a(n)____.​

What happens to acetylcholine after it attaches to a receptor on the postsynaptic cell?​

Most neurons release more than one kind of neurotransmitter.​

Metabotropic synapses use a large variety of transmitters.​

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

The Biology of Learning and Memory

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

Inhibitory synapses actively suppress excitatory responses.

Whether or not a neurotransmitter is excitatory depends on the response of the postsynaptic receptor.

In general,a single neuron releases neurotransmitter(s)and can respond to neurotransmitter(s).

Compared to ionotropic effects,metabotropic effects are ____.

Ionotropic effects ____.

The research that firmly established synaptic communication as chemical was ____.

On advantage of nitric oxide is that it ____.

What provides the building blocks for synthesizing all neurotransmitters?

Describe the main chemical events at a synapse.

A metabotropic synapse,by way of its second messenger,____.

An IPSP represents ____.

The anterior pituitary is composed of and the posterior pituitary is composed of .

Generally speaking,a neuron will release a greater number of neurotransmitters than what it will respond to with its own receptors.

The amino acid tryptophan is the precursor to which neurotransmitter?

Neurotransmitter levels in the brain can be affected by changes in diet.

Which neurotransmitter is released by stimulated neurons to dilate the blood vessels?

An EPSP is a(n)____.

What happens to acetylcholine after it attaches to a receptor on the postsynaptic cell?

Most neurons release more than one kind of neurotransmitter.

Metabotropic synapses use a large variety of transmitters.