Question 1

____________________ are evidence of life in the distant past.

Accepted Answer

​Fossils

Question 2

Differential survival and reproduction of individuals of a population that vary in the details of shared traits is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

​natural selection

Question 3

Which of the following evolve?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​populations only 
B)  ​genera only 
C)  ​kingdoms only 
D)  ​both populations and genera 
E)  ​populations, genera, and kingdoms 
A)  ​populations only 
B)  ​genera only 
C)  ​kingdoms only 
D)  ​both populations and genera 
E)  ​populations, genera, and kingdoms A

Question 4

Barringer Crater in Arizona was formed when a 300,000-ton asteroid slammed into Earth 50,000 years ago. Which statement accurately depicts this event?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​The asteroid hit so early that it had little influence on the history of life. 
B)  ​The asteroid produced about 150 times the energy of the bomb that hit Hiroshima. 
C)  ​The impact of the asteroid resulted in a minor crater. 
D)  ​The cause of the crater has been determined by examining fossils found at the site. 
E)  ​The impact of the asteroid released only minor amounts of energy. 
A)  ​The asteroid hit so early that it had little influence on the history of life. 
B)  ​The asteroid produced about 150 times the energy of the bomb that hit Hiroshima. 
C)  ​The impact of the asteroid resulted in a minor crater. 
D)  ​The cause of the crater has been determined by examining fossils found at the site. 
E)  ​The impact of the asteroid released only minor amounts of energy.

Question 5

Which statement about the geologic time scale is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Mammals originated early in the Mesozoic era. 
B)  ​Radiations of marine invertebrates took place in the Mesozoic era. 
C)  ​Mass extinction of the dinosaurs occurred about 65 million years ago. 
D)  ​Reptiles originated during the Paleozoic era. 
E)  ​Eukaryotes originated during the Proterozoic eon. 
A)  ​Mammals originated early in the Mesozoic era. 
B)  ​Radiations of marine invertebrates took place in the Mesozoic era. 
C)  ​Mass extinction of the dinosaurs occurred about 65 million years ago. 
D)  ​Reptiles originated during the Paleozoic era. 
E)  ​Eukaryotes originated during the Proterozoic eon.

Question 6

Based on what we know today, what is the best explanation for why the emu, ostrich, and rhea are so similar despite being geographically separated?

Accepted Answer

​The emu of Australia, the ostrich of Af

Question 7

Which habitat is most likely to be rich in fossils?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​eroding hillsides 
B)  ​deserts 
C)  polar ice caps 
D)  ​shallow seas 
E)  ​rocky plateau 
A)  ​eroding hillsides 
B)  ​deserts 
C)  polar ice caps 
D)  ​shallow seas 
E)  ​rocky plateau

Question 8

How old was the world thought to be when Darwin began his voyage? How old is it thought to be now?

Accepted Answer

​When Darwin left, the world was thought

Question 9

The study of the distribution of animals and plants around the world is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​diversity 
B)  ​biogeography 
C)  ​ecology 
D)  ​natural history 
E)  ​environmentalism 
A)  ​diversity 
B)  ​biogeography 
C)  ​ecology 
D)  ​natural history 
E)  ​environmentalism

Question 10

Which interval is classified as a "period" in the geologic time scale rather than an "era"?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Mesozoic 
B)  ​Proterozoic 
C)  ​Carboniferous 
D)  ​Cenozoic 
E)  ​Paleozoic 
A)  ​Mesozoic 
B)  ​Proterozoic 
C)  ​Carboniferous 
D)  ​Cenozoic 
E)  ​Paleozoic

Question 11

Select the most appropriate choice for each person.
-Cuvier

Accepted Answer

A) wrote Principles of Geology 
B) developed the theory of catastrophism 
C) believed that giraffes have long necks because their short-necked ancestors stretched their necks and passed this change onto their offspring 
D) was a naturalist who sailed on the Beagle and studied finches 
E) wrote an essay relating population size to competition for limited resources
F)natural historian and author; formed early ideas of the great chain of being 
A) wrote Principles of Geology 
B) developed the theory of catastrophism 
C) believed that giraffes have long necks because their short-necked ancestors stretched their necks and passed this change onto their offspring 
D) was a naturalist who sailed on the Beagle and studied finches 
E) wrote an essay relating population size to competition for limited resources
F)natural historian and author; formed early ideas of the great chain of being

Question 12

____________________ that impart greater ____________________ to an individual become more common in a population over generations, compared with less competitive forms.

Accepted Answer

​Adaptive

Question 13

Cuvier, an anatomist and paleontologist, proposed that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  all present-day organisms have descended, with adaptations, from one--or possibly a few--original organisms 
B)  ​Earth's history has been marked by several periods when destruction of populations was widespread and that, after each such period, the earth was repopulated 
C)  ​evolutionary changes in organisms are caused by use and disuse 
D)  ​although evolution is responsible for all the changes that happen to species, one center of creation resulted in the original members of each species 
E)  ​geologic processes in Earth have not changed over billions of years 
A)  all present-day organisms have descended, with adaptations, from one--or possibly a few--original organisms 
B)  ​Earth's history has been marked by several periods when destruction of populations was widespread and that, after each such period, the earth was repopulated 
C)  ​evolutionary changes in organisms are caused by use and disuse 
D)  ​although evolution is responsible for all the changes that happen to species, one center of creation resulted in the original members of each species 
E)  ​geologic processes in Earth have not changed over billions of years

Question 14

Several times in Earth's history, land masses have converged as supercontinents. ____________________ and ____________________ are examples.

Accepted Answer

​Gondwana,

Question 15

Radiometric dating ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​is based on the premise that each isotope decays at a constant rate 
B)  ​is unpredictable because of changes in temperature and pressure 
C)  ​can be used to date sedimentary rock, but not fossils 
D)  ​has a substantial error factor 
E)  ​can only be used for dating animal fossils 
A)  ​is based on the premise that each isotope decays at a constant rate 
B)  ​is unpredictable because of changes in temperature and pressure 
C)  ​can be used to date sedimentary rock, but not fossils 
D)  ​has a substantial error factor 
E)  ​can only be used for dating animal fossils

Question 16

The process of fossilization typically begins when an organism or traces of it ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​settle on the seafloor 
B)  ​are pressurized under the weight of sediment 
C)  ​crystallize into minerals 
D)  ​are saturated with groundwater 
E)  ​become covered with sediments, mud, or ash 
A)  ​settle on the seafloor 
B)  ​are pressurized under the weight of sediment 
C)  ​crystallize into minerals 
D)  ​are saturated with groundwater 
E)  ​become covered with sediments, mud, or ash

Question 17

Which fossil would be the oldest in a given strata and why?

Accepted Answer

​The fossil from the deepest s

Question 18

The most important evidence that Darwin used to develop his theory of natural selection came from ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the Argentine pampas 
B)  ​his boyhood neighborhood in England 
C)  ​the Galápagos Islands 
D)  ​Australia and New Zealand 
E)  ​South America 
A)  ​the Argentine pampas 
B)  ​his boyhood neighborhood in England 
C)  ​the Galápagos Islands 
D)  ​Australia and New Zealand 
E)  ​South America

Question 19

The geologic time scale is often subdivided on the basis of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the appearance of different radioactive isotopes in different strata 
B)  ​levels of background extinction 
C)  ​periods of mass extinction 
D)  ​the appearance of new species 
E)  ​climate change 
A)  ​the appearance of different radioactive isotopes in different strata 
B)  ​levels of background extinction 
C)  ​periods of mass extinction 
D)  ​the appearance of new species 
E)  ​climate change

Question 20

The characteristic ____________________ of a radioisotope allows us to determine the age of rocks and fossils using a technique called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

​half-life

Exam 16: Evidence of Evolution

____________________ are evidence of life in the distant past.

Differential survival and reproduction of individuals of a population that vary in the details of shared traits is called ____________________.

Which of the following evolve?

Barringer Crater in Arizona was formed when a 300,000-ton asteroid slammed into Earth 50,000 years ago. Which statement accurately depicts this event?

Which statement about the geologic time scale is false?

Based on what we know today, what is the best explanation for why the emu, ostrich, and rhea are so similar despite being geographically separated?

Which habitat is most likely to be rich in fossils?

How old was the world thought to be when Darwin began his voyage? How old is it thought to be now?

The study of the distribution of animals and plants around the world is ____.

Which interval is classified as a "period" in the geologic time scale rather than an "era"?

Select the most appropriate choice for each person. -Cuvier

____________________ that impart greater ____________________ to an individual become more common in a population over generations, compared with less competitive forms.

Cuvier, an anatomist and paleontologist, proposed that ____.

Several times in Earth's history, land masses have converged as supercontinents. ____________________ and ____________________ are examples.

Radiometric dating ____.

The process of fossilization typically begins when an organism or traces of it ____.

Which fossil would be the oldest in a given strata and why?

The most important evidence that Darwin used to develop his theory of natural selection came from ____.

The geologic time scale is often subdivided on the basis of ____.

The characteristic ____________________ of a radioisotope allows us to determine the age of rocks and fossils using a technique called ____________________.

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Gene Control

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Processes of Evolution

Organizating Information About Species

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses - Bacteria - and Archaea

Protists - the Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution - the Invertibrates

Animal Evolution - the Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Filters

that impart greater to an individual become more common in a population over generations, compared with less competitive forms.

Several times in Earth's history, land masses have converged as supercontinents. and are examples.

The characteristic of a radioisotope allows us to determine the age of rocks and fossils using a technique called .