Question 1

Amniocentesis involves sampling

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the fetus directly. 
B)  ​the fetal cells floating in the amniotic fluid. 
C)  ​sperm. 
D)  blood cells. 
E)  ​placental cells. 
A)  ​the fetus directly. 
B)  ​the fetal cells floating in the amniotic fluid. 
C)  ​sperm. 
D)  blood cells. 
E)  ​placental cells. B

Question 2

Select the best process listed below for each of the following statements. Note that you need to know that the sequence of amino acids directly reflects the sequence of genes that coded for their placement.​
-Homologous sets of genes ABCDEF and aBCdEF are located on nonhomologous chromosomes. Crossing over between them is suppressed because their locations are the result of this.

Accepted Answer

A) ​inversion 
B) ​deletion 
C) ​gene duplication 
D) ​translocation 
E) ​addition 
A) ​inversion 
B) ​deletion 
C) ​gene duplication 
D) ​translocation 
E) ​addition D

Question 3

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.​
-triploidy

Accepted Answer

A) ​3n; generally sterile 
B) ​a chromosome segment is permanently transferred to a nonhomologous chromosome 
C) ​(2n - 1); a zygote deprived of a chromosome 
D) ​a repeat of a particular DNA sequence in the same chromosome or in nonhomologous ones 
E) ​(2n + 1); three chromosomes of the same kind are present in a set of chromosomes
F)​a piece of the chromosome is inadvertently left out during the repair process
G)​encodes a transport protein in melanosome membranes
H)​a chromosome segment that has been cut out and rejoined at the same place, but backward 
A) ​3n; generally sterile 
B) ​a chromosome segment is permanently transferred to a nonhomologous chromosome 
C) ​(2n - 1); a zygote deprived of a chromosome 
D) ​a repeat of a particular DNA sequence in the same chromosome or in nonhomologous ones 
E) ​(2n + 1); three chromosomes of the same kind are present in a set of chromosomes
F)​a piece of the chromosome is inadvertently left out during the repair process
G)​encodes a transport protein in melanosome membranes
H)​a chromosome segment that has been cut out and rejoined at the same place, but backward A

Question 4

Rarely, a chromosome's structure becomes altered when part of it undergoes duplication, deletion, __________, or __________.

Accepted Answer

inversion;

Question 5

Which syndrome is characterized by a karyotype with 45 chromosomes?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Turner 
B)  ​Down 
C)  ​androgen insensitivity 
D)  ​Klinefelter 
E)  ​cri-du-chat 
A)  ​Turner 
B)  ​Down 
C)  ​androgen insensitivity 
D)  ​Klinefelter 
E)  ​cri-du-chat

Question 6

If a daughter expresses an X-linked recessive trait, she inherited the trait from____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​her mother 
B)  ​her father 
C)  ​both parents 
D)  ​neither parent 
E)  ​her grandmother 
A)  ​her mother 
B)  ​her father 
C)  ​both parents 
D)  ​neither parent 
E)  ​her grandmother

Question 7

Figure 14.8
  
-The accompanying figure represents which chromosomal change?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​inversion 
B)  ​deletion 
C)  ​duplication 
D)  ​translocation 
E)  ​aneuploidy 
A)  ​inversion 
B)  ​deletion 
C)  ​duplication 
D)  ​translocation 
E)  ​aneuploidy

Question 8

-The accompanying figure represents which chromosomal change?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​inversion 
B)  ​deletion 
C)  ​duplication 
D)  ​translocation 
E)  ​aneuploidy 
A)  ​inversion 
B)  ​deletion 
C)  ​duplication 
D)  ​translocation 
E)  ​aneuploidy

Question 9

Which combination makes the most sense from an evolutionary perspective?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​light skin and vitamin D deficiency 
B)  ​light skin and extensive exposure to sun 
C)  ​dark skin and little exposure to sun 
D)  ​dark skin and folate deficiency 
E)  ​light skin and little sun, or dark skin and lots of sun 
A)  ​light skin and vitamin D deficiency 
B)  ​light skin and extensive exposure to sun 
C)  ​dark skin and little exposure to sun 
D)  ​dark skin and folate deficiency 
E)  ​light skin and little sun, or dark skin and lots of sun

Question 10

Match the cause with the disorder.​
-Turner syndrome

Accepted Answer

A) ​autosomal recessive inheritance; lactose metabolism is blocked 
B) ​nondisjunction of the twenty-first chromosomal pair 
C) ​X-linked recessive inheritance 
D) ​nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes 
A) ​autosomal recessive inheritance; lactose metabolism is blocked 
B) ​nondisjunction of the twenty-first chromosomal pair 
C) ​X-linked recessive inheritance 
D) ​nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes

Question 11

It is now possible to analyze the genetics of an in vitro fertilized embryo by

Accepted Answer

A)  ​fetoscopy. 
B)  ​amniocentesis. 
C)  ​chorionic villi sampling. 
D)  ​pre-implantation diagnosis. 
E)  ​post-implantation diagnosis. 
A)  ​fetoscopy. 
B)  ​amniocentesis. 
C)  ​chorionic villi sampling. 
D)  ​pre-implantation diagnosis. 
E)  ​post-implantation diagnosis.

Question 12

Achondroplasia ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​is inherited as an autosomal recessive condition 
B)  ​affects about one in one million people 
C)  ​affects only homozygotes 
D)  ​is characterized by abnormally short arms and legs 
E)  ​is inherited as an X-linked disorder 
A)  ​is inherited as an autosomal recessive condition 
B)  ​affects about one in one million people 
C)  ​affects only homozygotes 
D)  ​is characterized by abnormally short arms and legs 
E)  ​is inherited as an X-linked disorder

Question 13

Match the cause with the disorder.​
-Down syndrome

Accepted Answer

A) ​autosomal recessive inheritance; lactose metabolism is blocked 
B) ​nondisjunction of the twenty-first chromosomal pair 
C) ​X-linked recessive inheritance 
D) ​nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes 
A) ​autosomal recessive inheritance; lactose metabolism is blocked 
B) ​nondisjunction of the twenty-first chromosomal pair 
C) ​X-linked recessive inheritance 
D) ​nondisjunction of the sex chromosomes

Question 14

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.​
-duplication

Accepted Answer

A) ​3n; generally sterile 
B) ​a chromosome segment is permanently transferred to a nonhomologous chromosome 
C) ​(2n - 1); a zygote deprived of a chromosome 
D) ​a repeat of a particular DNA sequence in the same chromosome or in nonhomologous ones 
E) ​(2n + 1); three chromosomes of the same kind are present in a set of chromosomes
F)​a piece of the chromosome is inadvertently left out during the repair process
G)​encodes a transport protein in melanosome membranes
H)​a chromosome segment that has been cut out and rejoined at the same place, but backward 
A) ​3n; generally sterile 
B) ​a chromosome segment is permanently transferred to a nonhomologous chromosome 
C) ​(2n - 1); a zygote deprived of a chromosome 
D) ​a repeat of a particular DNA sequence in the same chromosome or in nonhomologous ones 
E) ​(2n + 1); three chromosomes of the same kind are present in a set of chromosomes
F)​a piece of the chromosome is inadvertently left out during the repair process
G)​encodes a transport protein in melanosome membranes
H)​a chromosome segment that has been cut out and rejoined at the same place, but backward

Question 15

Which statement about sex chromosomes is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​The Y chromosome carries a greater number of genes for nonsexual traits than does the X. 
B)  ​X and Y are different in size but carry nearly equal numbers of genes. 
C)  ​The X chromosome carries more genes for nonsexual traits than does the Y. 
D)  ​The X chromosome carries only gender-related genes. 
E)  ​The X chromosome carries the SRY gene. 
A)  ​The Y chromosome carries a greater number of genes for nonsexual traits than does the X. 
B)  ​X and Y are different in size but carry nearly equal numbers of genes. 
C)  ​The X chromosome carries more genes for nonsexual traits than does the Y. 
D)  ​The X chromosome carries only gender-related genes. 
E)  ​The X chromosome carries the SRY gene.

Question 16

A genetic disorder has been studied through multiple generations using pedigree analysis. Every person expressing the trait has an affected parent, and both sexes are equally affected. This suggests what sort of trait and why?

Accepted Answer

That both males and females ar

Question 17

A woman heterozygous for color blindness (an X-linked recessive allele) marries a man with normal color vision. What is the probability that their first child (male or female) will be color blind?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​25% 
B)  ​50% 
C)  ​75% 
D)  ​100% 
E)  ​0% 
A)  ​25% 
B)  ​50% 
C)  ​75% 
D)  ​100% 
E)  ​0%

Question 18

How did the cessation of crossing-over contribute to the disparity between the X and Y chromosomes?​

Accepted Answer

In most chromosomes, crossing-over is a

Question 19

Answer the following questions in reference to the five items listed below.​
-How many chromosomes are present in each cell of the germ cell line for a tetraploid species whose normal complement of chromosomes is 48?

Accepted Answer

A) ​12 
B) ​23 
C) ​24 
D) ​46 
E) ​47 
A) ​12 
B) ​23 
C) ​24 
D) ​46 
E) ​47

Question 20

Amniocentesis is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​a surgical means of repairing deformities 
B)  ​a form of chemotherapy that modifies or inhibits gene expression or the function of gene products 
C)  ​used in prenatal diagnosis to detect chromosomal mutations and metabolic disorders in embryos 
D)  ​a form of gene replacement therapy 
E)  ​commonly performed on newborns 
A)  ​a surgical means of repairing deformities 
B)  ​a form of chemotherapy that modifies or inhibits gene expression or the function of gene products 
C)  ​used in prenatal diagnosis to detect chromosomal mutations and metabolic disorders in embryos 
D)  ​a form of gene replacement therapy 
E)  ​commonly performed on newborns

Exam 14: Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Amniocentesis involves sampling

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.​ -triploidy

Rarely, a chromosome's structure becomes altered when part of it undergoes duplication, deletion, __________, or __________.

Which syndrome is characterized by a karyotype with 45 chromosomes?​

If a daughter expresses an X-linked recessive trait, she inherited the trait from____.

Figure 14.8 -The accompanying figure represents which chromosomal change?

-The accompanying figure represents which chromosomal change?

Which combination makes the most sense from an evolutionary perspective?

Match the cause with the disorder.​ -Turner syndrome

It is now possible to analyze the genetics of an in vitro fertilized embryo by

Achondroplasia ____.

Match the cause with the disorder.​ -Down syndrome

Choose the most appropriate answer for each.​ -duplication

Which statement about sex chromosomes is correct?

A genetic disorder has been studied through multiple generations using pedigree analysis. Every person expressing the trait has an affected parent, and both sexes are equally affected. This suggests what sort of trait and why?

A woman heterozygous for color blindness (an X-linked recessive allele) marries a man with normal color vision. What is the probability that their first child (male or female) will be color blind?​

How did the cessation of crossing-over contribute to the disparity between the X and Y chromosomes?​

Answer the following questions in reference to the five items listed below.​ -How many chromosomes are present in each cell of the germ cell line for a tetraploid species whose normal complement of chromosomes is 48?

Amniocentesis is _____.

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Gene Control

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizating Information About Species

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses - Bacteria - and Archaea

Protists - the Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution - the Invertibrates

Animal Evolution - the Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Filters

Choose the most appropriate answer for each. -triploidy

Rarely, a chromosome's structure becomes altered when part of it undergoes duplication, deletion, , or .

Which syndrome is characterized by a karyotype with 45 chromosomes?

Match the cause with the disorder. -Turner syndrome

Match the cause with the disorder. -Down syndrome

Choose the most appropriate answer for each. -duplication

A woman heterozygous for color blindness (an X-linked recessive allele) marries a man with normal color vision. What is the probability that their first child (male or female) will be color blind?

How did the cessation of crossing-over contribute to the disparity between the X and Y chromosomes?

Answer the following questions in reference to the five items listed below. -How many chromosomes are present in each cell of the germ cell line for a tetraploid species whose normal complement of chromosomes is 48?