Question 1

The main center for homeostatic control of the internal environment is the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​pons 
B)  ​medulla oblongata 
C)  ​hypothalamus 
D)  ​thalamus 
E)  ​cerebellum 
A)  ​pons 
B)  ​medulla oblongata 
C)  ​hypothalamus 
D)  ​thalamus 
E)  ​cerebellum C

Question 2

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below.​
-This region connects the spinal cord to the midbrain.

Accepted Answer

A) ​cerebrum 
B) ​hypothalamus 
C) ​pons 
D) ​cerebellum 
E) ​medulla oblongata 
A) ​cerebrum 
B) ​hypothalamus 
C) ​pons 
D) ​cerebellum 
E) ​medulla oblongata C

Question 3

Which neurotransmitter governs the associated disease or disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  	serotonin – stress 
B)  	glutamate – Huntington’s disease 
C)  	dopamine – Huntington’s disease 
D)  	GABA – Parkinson’s disease 
E)  	epinephrine – Parkinson’s disease 
A)  	serotonin – stress 
B)  	glutamate – Huntington’s disease 
C)  	dopamine – Huntington’s disease 
D)  	GABA – Parkinson’s disease 
E)  	epinephrine – Parkinson’s disease B

Question 4

Indicate whether the response is due to parasympathetic or sympathetic action.​
-decreases adrenal gland secretions

Accepted Answer

A) ​parasympathetic 
B) ​sympathetic 
A) ​parasympathetic 
B) ​sympathetic

Question 5

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
-neurotransmitter molecule

Accepted Answer

A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance 
A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance

Question 6

Imagine a neuron lost the ability to close its sodium channels. Could this neuron still propagate action potentials? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The autonomic nervous system directs the

Question 7

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
-midbrain

Accepted Answer

A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance 
A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance

Question 8

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
-voltage difference across a cell membrane that is not receiving stimulation

Accepted Answer

A) cells that nurture and support neurons 
B) sensory neuron 
C) interneuron 
D) acetylcholine or GABA 
E) motor neuron
F)a type of active transporter
G)sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
H)membrane potential
I)resting membrane potential
J)modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
K)action potential
L)positive feedback
M)threshold potential
N)produced by a Schwann cell
O)cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS 
A) cells that nurture and support neurons 
B) sensory neuron 
C) interneuron 
D) acetylcholine or GABA 
E) motor neuron
F)a type of active transporter
G)sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
H)membrane potential
I)resting membrane potential
J)modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
K)action potential
L)positive feedback
M)threshold potential
N)produced by a Schwann cell
O)cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS

Question 9

Cephalization refers to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  	a type of symmetry 
B)  	neurons concentrated at the posterior end of an animal 
C)  	a net of neural cells 
D)  	neurons dispersed throughout the body 
E)  	neurons concentrated at the anterior end of an animal 
A)  	a type of symmetry 
B)  	neurons concentrated at the posterior end of an animal 
C)  	a net of neural cells 
D)  	neurons dispersed throughout the body 
E)  	neurons concentrated at the anterior end of an animal

Question 10

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
-ganglion​

Accepted Answer

A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance 
A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance

Question 11

An action potential can best be described as a _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  	trigger zone 
B)  	kinetic activity 
C)  	brief reversal in the polarity of the electric gradient
across the plasma membrane 
D)  	peak of energy that does not resolve to its former state 
E)  	brief increase in the polarity of the electric gradient
across the plasma membrane 
A)  	trigger zone 
B)  	kinetic activity 
C)  	brief reversal in the polarity of the electric gradient
across the plasma membrane 
D)  	peak of energy that does not resolve to its former state 
E)  	brief increase in the polarity of the electric gradient
across the plasma membrane

Question 12

The vertebrate central nervous system consists of a brain and _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The vertebrate central nervous system consists of...

Question 13

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
-meninges

Accepted Answer

A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance 
A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance

Question 14

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below.​
-This region governs abstract thought.

Accepted Answer

A) ​cerebrum 
B) ​hypothalamus 
C) ​pons 
D) ​cerebellum 
E) ​medulla oblongata 
A) ​cerebrum 
B) ​hypothalamus 
C) ​pons 
D) ​cerebellum 
E) ​medulla oblongata

Question 15

Retired football players are _____ times more likely to die of neurodegenerative brain damage than the general public.

Accepted Answer

A)  three 
B)  four 
C)  ​five 
D)  ​six 
E)  ​ten 
A)  three 
B)  four 
C)  ​five 
D)  ​six 
E)  ​ten

Question 16

Please choose the one BEST response for each.
-neurotransmitter molecule

Accepted Answer

A) cells that nurture and support neurons 
B) sensory neuron 
C) interneuron 
D) acetylcholine or GABA 
E) motor neuron
F)a type of active transporter
G)sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
H)membrane potential
I)resting membrane potential
J)modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
K)action potential
L)positive feedback
M)threshold potential
N)produced by a Schwann cell
O)cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS 
A) cells that nurture and support neurons 
B) sensory neuron 
C) interneuron 
D) acetylcholine or GABA 
E) motor neuron
F)a type of active transporter
G)sheathed muscle cells that contain receptors
H)membrane potential
I)resting membrane potential
J)modified dendrite of a sensory neuron
K)action potential
L)positive feedback
M)threshold potential
N)produced by a Schwann cell
O)cluster of cell bodies outside the CNS

Question 17

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term
-white matter​

Accepted Answer

A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance 
A) ​integrates body position, motions, balance 
B) ​in cnidarians; based on reflex pathways devoted to swimming and feeding 
C) ​messages from here arouse the brain and maintain wakefulness 
D) ​the cortical region that coordinates muscles required for speech 
E) ​all parts of nerve cells outside the brain and spinal cord
F)​acetylcholine is an example
G)​reflex control center for breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure
H)​axons of the central nervous system that are sheathed with fatty myelin
I)​at top of the brainstem bordering the cerebral hemispheres; influences learning and emotional behavior
J)​motor neurons that are divided into sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
K)​membrane coverings over brain and spinal cord
L)​part of the brainstem; plays roles in reward-basesd learning and voluntary movements
M)​connects right and left cerebral hemispheres
N)​group of nerve cell bodies that form an integrative center
O)​contains centers concerned with body temperature regulation and with salt and water balance

Question 18

Use the figure above showing a reflex arc to answer the following question.
-A region where neurotransmitter molecules stimulate a neuron is indicated by the letter _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​A 
B)  ​B 
C)  ​C 
D)  ​D 
E)  C and D 
A)  ​A 
B)  ​B 
C)  ​C 
D)  ​D 
E)  C and D

Question 19

What happens when an action potential arrives at an axon terminal?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Membrane voltages stimulate the axon. 
B)  ​The action potential starts a chain reaction. 
C)  ​A neurotransmitter builds up so it can be used again. 
D)  ​The action potential causes an influx of phosphorous ions. 
E)  ​Chemicals relay the message at a synapse. 
A)  ​Membrane voltages stimulate the axon. 
B)  ​The action potential starts a chain reaction. 
C)  ​A neurotransmitter builds up so it can be used again. 
D)  ​The action potential causes an influx of phosphorous ions. 
E)  ​Chemicals relay the message at a synapse.

Question 20

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below.​
-This region is used for spatial orientation.

Accepted Answer

A) ​cerebrum 
B) ​hypothalamus 
C) ​pons 
D) ​cerebellum 
E) ​medulla oblongata 
A) ​cerebrum 
B) ​hypothalamus 
C) ​pons 
D) ​cerebellum 
E) ​medulla oblongata

Exam 32: Neural Control

The main center for homeostatic control of the internal environment is the ____.

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below.​ -This region connects the spinal cord to the midbrain.

Which neurotransmitter governs the associated disease or disorder?

Indicate whether the response is due to parasympathetic or sympathetic action.​ -decreases adrenal gland secretions

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term -neurotransmitter molecule

Imagine a neuron lost the ability to close its sodium channels. Could this neuron still propagate action potentials? Explain your answer.

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term -midbrain

Please choose the one BEST response for each. -voltage difference across a cell membrane that is not receiving stimulation

Cephalization refers to ____.

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term -ganglion​

An action potential can best be described as a _____.

The vertebrate central nervous system consists of a brain and _________.

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term -meninges

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below.​ -This region governs abstract thought.

Retired football players are _____ times more likely to die of neurodegenerative brain damage than the general public.

Please choose the one BEST response for each. -neurotransmitter molecule

​Choose the most appropriate description for each term -white matter​

Use the figure above showing a reflex arc to answer the following question. -A region where neurotransmitter molecules stimulate a neuron is indicated by the letter _____.

What happens when an action potential arrives at an axon terminal?​

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below.​ -This region is used for spatial orientation.

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Gene Control

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizating Information About Species

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses - Bacteria - and Archaea

Protists - the Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution - the Invertibrates

Animal Evolution - the Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Filters

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below. -This region connects the spinal cord to the midbrain.

Indicate whether the response is due to parasympathetic or sympathetic action. -decreases adrenal gland secretions

Choose the most appropriate description for each term -neurotransmitter molecule

Choose the most appropriate description for each term -midbrain

Choose the most appropriate description for each term -ganglion

Choose the most appropriate description for each term -meninges

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below. -This region governs abstract thought.

Choose the most appropriate description for each term -white matter

What happens when an action potential arrives at an axon terminal?

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five regions of the vertebrate brain listed below. -This region is used for spatial orientation.