Question 1

__________ refers to processes designed to induce immunity.

Accepted Answer

Immunization​

Question 2

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five items listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all
-An Rh+ molecule in the body of an Rh woman is an example of these.

Accepted Answer

A) ​antigens 
B) ​antibodies 
C) ​helper T cells 
D) ​cytotoxic T cells 
E) ​effector B cells 
A) ​antigens 
B) ​antibodies 
C) ​helper T cells 
D) ​cytotoxic T cells 
E) ​effector B cells A

Question 3

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five items listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all
-These directly attack the foreign cells of an incompatible skin graft.

Accepted Answer

A) ​antigens 
B) ​antibodies 
C) ​helper T cells 
D) ​cytotoxic T cells 
E) ​effector B cells 
A) ​antigens 
B) ​antibodies 
C) ​helper T cells 
D) ​cytotoxic T cells 
E) ​effector B cells D

Question 4

Ig stands for __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ig stands for __________....

Question 5

Match each term with the most appropriate statement.
-memory cells

Accepted Answer

A) cells that do not divide, die in less than a week, and secrete antibodies 
B) cells that directly destroy body cells already infected by viral or fungal parasites, as well as mutant and cancerous cells 
C) lymphocytes that are held in reserve, circulate in the bloodstream, and enable a rapid response to subsequent encounters with the same invader 
D) able to lyse cells by forming pore complexes 
E) cells that are produced in the bone marrow, are never changed by the thymus, and manufacture antibodies
F)able to destroy cells but not dependent on recognition of antigen-MHC complexes
G)a class of proteins that help cells of the immune system communicate
H)"big eaters" that alert other lymphocytes to the invasion of specific antigens
I)immature cells that may or may not be committed to develop into one of several mature cell types
J)a group of cells that are all produced asexually from one original parent cell
K)surface patterns of nonself molecules or particles
L)proteins released by cytotoxic T cells to destroy target cell membranes
M)preparation injected into the body to elicit a primary immune response
N)one of this group has been identified as the causative agent of AIDS 
A) cells that do not divide, die in less than a week, and secrete antibodies 
B) cells that directly destroy body cells already infected by viral or fungal parasites, as well as mutant and cancerous cells 
C) lymphocytes that are held in reserve, circulate in the bloodstream, and enable a rapid response to subsequent encounters with the same invader 
D) able to lyse cells by forming pore complexes 
E) cells that are produced in the bone marrow, are never changed by the thymus, and manufacture antibodies
F)able to destroy cells but not dependent on recognition of antigen-MHC complexes
G)a class of proteins that help cells of the immune system communicate
H)"big eaters" that alert other lymphocytes to the invasion of specific antigens
I)immature cells that may or may not be committed to develop into one of several mature cell types
J)a group of cells that are all produced asexually from one original parent cell
K)surface patterns of nonself molecules or particles
L)proteins released by cytotoxic T cells to destroy target cell membranes
M)preparation injected into the body to elicit a primary immune response
N)one of this group has been identified as the causative agent of AIDS

Question 6

Research on HIV vaccines is progressing, but success to date has been limited to vaccines that are of limited effectiveness against a few strains of the HIV virus. However, flu vaccines are similar in their limitations. Why are 'limited effectiveness flu vaccines released, but not HIV vaccines?​

Accepted Answer

There are two reasons. First, certain st

Question 7

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five items listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all
-An antigen-bearing pathogen that breaches normal flora surface barriers triggers __________ immunity.
A)​antigens
B)​antibodies
C)​helper T cells
D)​cytotoxic T cells
E)​effector B cells

Accepted Answer

The answer of Respond to the following statements in reference...

Question 8

A newly developed vaccine can prevent cancer caused by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​AIDS 
B)  ​polio 
C)  ​measles 
D)  ​HIV 
E)  HPV​ 
A)  ​AIDS 
B)  ​polio 
C)  ​measles 
D)  ​HIV 
E)  HPV​

Question 9

Air is continuously forced through tubes that thread through vascularized tissue in a pair of inelastic lungs in _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​some fish 
B)  amphibians 
C)  ​birds 
D)  ​reptiles 
E)  some small mammals​ 
A)  ​some fish 
B)  amphibians 
C)  ​birds 
D)  ​reptiles 
E)  some small mammals​

Question 10

__________ fights infection by increasing the metabolic rate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________ fights infection by increasing the metabolic...

Question 11

Water flowing back and forth across the gills of fish is known as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  capillary movement 
B)  counter current exchange 
C)  deoxygenation 
D)  pharyngeal movement 
E)  gill slits 
A)  capillary movement 
B)  counter current exchange 
C)  deoxygenation 
D)  pharyngeal movement 
E)  gill slits

Question 12

The glottis is ____ when swallowing and ____ when speaking.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​closed; open 
B)  open; closed 
C)  rigid; relaxed 
D)  relaxed; rigid 
E)  vibrating; closed 
A)  ​closed; open 
B)  open; closed 
C)  rigid; relaxed 
D)  relaxed; rigid 
E)  vibrating; closed

Question 13

Inflammation begins when mast cells in tissue release __________, which increases blood flow and also makes capillaries leaky to phagocytes and plasma proteins.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Inflammation begins when mast cells in tissue...

Question 14

An individual is exposed to a pathogen and takes five days to recover. When exposed a year later they again take five days to recover. Would you suspect that adaptive immunity was involved? Why or why not?​

Accepted Answer

No, in cases where adaptive im

Question 15

Oxyhemoglobin contains _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygen bound irreversibly to a heme group 
B)  ​carbon dioxide 
C)  carbonic anhydrase 
D)  ​bound oxygen in the absence of a heme group 
E)  oxygen bound reversibly to a heme group 
A)  oxygen bound irreversibly to a heme group 
B)  ​carbon dioxide 
C)  carbonic anhydrase 
D)  ​bound oxygen in the absence of a heme group 
E)  oxygen bound reversibly to a heme group

Question 16

Oxygen moves from alveoli to the bloodstream ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​because the concentration of oxygen is greater in alveoli than in the blood 
B)  mainly due to the activity of carbonic anhydrase in the red blood cells 
C)  against a concentration gradient 
D)  to equal the concentration of CO₂ in the blood 
E)  by active transport 
A)  ​because the concentration of oxygen is greater in alveoli than in the blood 
B)  mainly due to the activity of carbonic anhydrase in the red blood cells 
C)  against a concentration gradient 
D)  to equal the concentration of CO₂ in the blood 
E)  by active transport

Question 17

Match each term with the most appropriate statement.
-cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Accepted Answer

A) cells that do not divide, die in less than a week, and secrete antibodies 
B) cells that directly destroy body cells already infected by viral or fungal parasites, as well as mutant and cancerous cells 
C) lymphocytes that are held in reserve, circulate in the bloodstream, and enable a rapid response to subsequent encounters with the same invader 
D) able to lyse cells by forming pore complexes 
E) cells that are produced in the bone marrow, are never changed by the thymus, and manufacture antibodies
F)able to destroy cells but not dependent on recognition of antigen-MHC complexes
G)a class of proteins that help cells of the immune system communicate
H)"big eaters" that alert other lymphocytes to the invasion of specific antigens
I)immature cells that may or may not be committed to develop into one of several mature cell types
J)a group of cells that are all produced asexually from one original parent cell
K)surface patterns of nonself molecules or particles
L)proteins released by cytotoxic T cells to destroy target cell membranes
M)preparation injected into the body to elicit a primary immune response
N)one of this group has been identified as the causative agent of AIDS 
A) cells that do not divide, die in less than a week, and secrete antibodies 
B) cells that directly destroy body cells already infected by viral or fungal parasites, as well as mutant and cancerous cells 
C) lymphocytes that are held in reserve, circulate in the bloodstream, and enable a rapid response to subsequent encounters with the same invader 
D) able to lyse cells by forming pore complexes 
E) cells that are produced in the bone marrow, are never changed by the thymus, and manufacture antibodies
F)able to destroy cells but not dependent on recognition of antigen-MHC complexes
G)a class of proteins that help cells of the immune system communicate
H)"big eaters" that alert other lymphocytes to the invasion of specific antigens
I)immature cells that may or may not be committed to develop into one of several mature cell types
J)a group of cells that are all produced asexually from one original parent cell
K)surface patterns of nonself molecules or particles
L)proteins released by cytotoxic T cells to destroy target cell membranes
M)preparation injected into the body to elicit a primary immune response
N)one of this group has been identified as the causative agent of AIDS

Question 18

Contraction of the diaphragm ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​diminishes the volume of the thoracic cavity 
B)  increases the volume of the thoracic cavity 
C)  pushes the rib cage downward 
D)  ​causes external intercostal muscles to relax 
E)  decreases lung capacity 
A)  ​diminishes the volume of the thoracic cavity 
B)  increases the volume of the thoracic cavity 
C)  pushes the rib cage downward 
D)  ​causes external intercostal muscles to relax 
E)  decreases lung capacity

Question 19

What is immunity?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​an organism's capacity to resist infection only 
B)  ​an organism's capacity to both resist and combat infection 
C)  ​a pathogen 
D)  ​an organism's capacity to combat infection only 
E)  a set of genetic instructions​ 
A)  ​an organism's capacity to resist infection only 
B)  ​an organism's capacity to both resist and combat infection 
C)  ​a pathogen 
D)  ​an organism's capacity to combat infection only 
E)  a set of genetic instructions​

Question 20

Respond to the following statement with reference to the five types of white cells listed below.​
-These cells scavenge dead cells and attack bacteria directly.

Accepted Answer

A) ​macrophages 
B) ​helper T cells 
C) ​B cells 
D) ​cytotoxic T cells 
E) ​natural killer cells 
A) ​macrophages 
B) ​helper T cells 
C) ​B cells 
D) ​cytotoxic T cells 
E) ​natural killer cells

Exam 37: Immunity

__________ refers to processes designed to induce immunity.

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five items listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all -An Rh+ molecule in the body of an Rh woman is an example of these.

Respond to the following statements in reference to the five items listed below. Answers may be used more than once or not at all -These directly attack the foreign cells of an incompatible skin graft.

Ig stands for __________.

Match each term with the most appropriate statement. -memory cells

Research on HIV vaccines is progressing, but success to date has been limited to vaccines that are of limited effectiveness against a few strains of the HIV virus. However, flu vaccines are similar in their limitations. Why are 'limited effectiveness flu vaccines released, but not HIV vaccines?​

A newly developed vaccine can prevent cancer caused by _____.

Air is continuously forced through tubes that thread through vascularized tissue in a pair of inelastic lungs in _____.

__________ fights infection by increasing the metabolic rate.

Water flowing back and forth across the gills of fish is known as _____.

The glottis is ____ when swallowing and ____ when speaking.

Inflammation begins when mast cells in tissue release __________, which increases blood flow and also makes capillaries leaky to phagocytes and plasma proteins.

An individual is exposed to a pathogen and takes five days to recover. When exposed a year later they again take five days to recover. Would you suspect that adaptive immunity was involved? Why or why not?​

Oxyhemoglobin contains _____.

Oxygen moves from alveoli to the bloodstream ____.

Match each term with the most appropriate statement. -cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Contraction of the diaphragm ____.

What is immunity?​

Respond to the following statement with reference to the five types of white cells listed below.​ -These cells scavenge dead cells and attack bacteria directly.

Invitation to Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts - Photosynthesis

How Cells Release Chemical Energy

Dna Structure and Function

From Dna to Protein

Gene Control

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Observing Patterns in Inherited Traits

Chromosomes and Human Inheritance

Studying and Manipulating Genomes

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Organizating Information About Species

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses - Bacteria - and Archaea

Protists - the Simplest Eukaryotes

The Land Plants

Fungi

Animal Evolution - the Invertibrates

Animal Evolution - the Chordates

Human Evolution

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Life Cycles of Flowering Plants

Communication Strategies in Plants

Animal Tissues

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Respiration

Digestion and Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Animal Reproductive Systems

Animal Development

Animal Behavior

Filters

Research on HIV vaccines is progressing, but success to date has been limited to vaccines that are of limited effectiveness against a few strains of the HIV virus. However, flu vaccines are similar in their limitations. Why are 'limited effectiveness flu vaccines released, but not HIV vaccines?

The glottis is when swallowing and when speaking.

An individual is exposed to a pathogen and takes five days to recover. When exposed a year later they again take five days to recover. Would you suspect that adaptive immunity was involved? Why or why not?

What is immunity?

Respond to the following statement with reference to the five types of white cells listed below. -These cells scavenge dead cells and attack bacteria directly.