Exam 3: Basic Logical Concepts

"In 1930, Harry lived in Illinois. In 1970, Harry lived in Illinois. In 2010, Harry lived in Illinois. Therefore, in 2040, Harry will live in Nevada." This illustrates a(n) _____.

"Barbara is a 50-year-old accountant, wears conservative clothes, and plays bingo every Tuesday night at the church social. It is not the case, therefore, that Barbara likes heavy metal music." This illustrates a(n) _____.

"Ninety percent of students at the Central Tech University wear sandals to class, even in the winter. Ted is a student at the Central Tech University. So, Ted likely wears sandals to class, even in the winter." This illustrates a(n) _____.

A mathematical proof in geometry is an example of inductive reasoning.

The argument "If I want to improve my thinking skills, I better study critical thinking; I do want to improve my thinking skills; therefore, I better study critical thinking" is an example of _____.

Which of the following is not a common pattern of deductive reasoning?

Which of the following is not a logically reliable pattern of deductive reasoning?

A(n) _____ is a three-line deductive argument in which each line in the argument begins with "all," "some," or "no."

No inductive argument provides logically conclusive support for its conclusion.

"If 90 percent of Wexford County residents are Democrats, then their state representative must be a Democrat. Ninety percent of Wexford County residents are Democrats. So, their state representative must be a Democrat." This illustrates a(n) _____.

"No one is a voter who isn't a citizen. Therefore, because Joe is a citizen, he must be a voter." This illustrates a(n) _____.

"Buford can lift, at most, 150 pounds over his head. A hog weighs at least 300 pounds. Therefore, Buford will never be able to lift a hog over his head." This illustrates a(n) _____.

Affirming the consequent is a deductively valid pattern of reasoning.

All arguments that contain predictions are inductive arguments.

Some causal arguments are deductive.

"Loud music is blaring from Matt's house, lots of cars are parked out front, and I just saw two frat brothers of mine carrying kegs of beer into the house. Matt is probably having a party." This illustrates a(n) _____.

Some strong arguments have false premises and a probably false conclusion.

Which of the following is a common deduction indicator word?

A(n) _____ is a three-line argument that consists of two premises and a conclusion.

The argument "Kyle is a father; it follows that Kyle has a child" is an example of _____.