Question 1

Genetic analyses suggest that SARS-CoV-2 most likely originated in

Accepted Answer

A)  bats. 
B)  pangolins. 
C)  minks. 
D)  a research laboratory. 
A)  bats. 
B)  pangolins. 
C)  minks. 
D)  a research laboratory.

Question 2

Antigenic shift

Accepted Answer

A)  has only been observed in the influenza virus. 
B)  can result in small changes to the SARS-CoV-2 surface spike proteins but does not result in new variants of the virus. 
C)  has not yet been observed in the SARS-CoV-2 virus. 
D)  can limit the duration of immunity conferred by infection and vaccination. 
A)  has only been observed in the influenza virus. 
B)  can result in small changes to the SARS-CoV-2 surface spike proteins but does not result in new variants of the virus. 
C)  has not yet been observed in the SARS-CoV-2 virus. 
D)  can limit the duration of immunity conferred by infection and vaccination.

Question 3

Energy drinks do not contain energy. They contain ______ that interact with the body's metabolic pathway.

Accepted Answer

A)  fats 
B)  vitamins 
C)  protein 
D)  carbohydrates 
E)  nucleic acids 
A)  fats 
B)  vitamins 
C)  protein 
D)  carbohydrates 
E)  nucleic acids

Question 4

Which of the following is the key feature of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Splitting glucose into two pyruvates 
B)  Generating a large amount of CO2 
C)  Producing FADH2 
D)  Producing H2O 
A)  Splitting glucose into two pyruvates 
B)  Generating a large amount of CO2 
C)  Producing FADH2 
D)  Producing H2O

Question 5

Consider the following scenario: A fish that was normally found in freshwater has evolved and can now survive in brackish water which contains a mixture of fresh and salt water. How would this affect other levels of biology?

Accepted Answer

A)  The evolution of the fish would affect all other levels of biology, including other populations, communities, and ecosystems. 
B)  The evolution of the fish would only affect the population of that fish species. 
C)  The evolution of the fish would only affect the community in which it occupies. 
D)  The evolution of the fish would only affect the organisms it eats. 
A)  The evolution of the fish would affect all other levels of biology, including other populations, communities, and ecosystems. 
B)  The evolution of the fish would only affect the population of that fish species. 
C)  The evolution of the fish would only affect the community in which it occupies. 
D)  The evolution of the fish would only affect the organisms it eats.

Question 6

When a macrophage presents an antigen with an MHC-II protein,

Accepted Answer

A)  it interacts with neutrophils. 
B)  it interacts with helper T cells which release cytokines. 
C)  it interacts with B cells. 
D)  it interacts with cytotoxic T cells which release cytokines. 
A)  it interacts with neutrophils. 
B)  it interacts with helper T cells which release cytokines. 
C)  it interacts with B cells. 
D)  it interacts with cytotoxic T cells which release cytokines.

Question 7

The process whereby viruses evolve due to mutations in the genetic code that result in small changes to the surface spike proteins is called antigenic ________blank.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process whereby viruses evolve due to...

Question 8

The SARS-CoV-2 virus targets ACE-2 receptors on the epithelial cells that line the interior surfaces of the lungs. What is the normal function of these receptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  The receptors are involved with the regulation of a peptide hormone that is involved in controlling blood pressure. 
B)  The receptors normally bind to a neurotransmitter that facilitates the opening of ion channels into the cell. 
C)  The receptors are involved in the relay of extracellular signals into the cell. 
D)  The receptors function as enzymes that stimulate the growth and division of epithelial cells. 
A)  The receptors are involved with the regulation of a peptide hormone that is involved in controlling blood pressure. 
B)  The receptors normally bind to a neurotransmitter that facilitates the opening of ion channels into the cell. 
C)  The receptors are involved in the relay of extracellular signals into the cell. 
D)  The receptors function as enzymes that stimulate the growth and division of epithelial cells.

Question 9

Which of the following statements is True regarding energy drinks?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Food and Drug Administration (FD
A)  heavily regulates energy drinks. 
B)  All energy drinks must contain vitamins, food additives, and stimulants, including caffeine. 
C)  Energy drinks are classified as food by the Food and Drug Administration (FD
A) . 
D)  The Food and Drug Administration (FD
A)  ensures that claims made by drink manufacturers are verified. 
E)  Energy drinks claim to increase energy levels, mental awareness, and reduce muscle fatigue. 
A)  The Food and Drug Administration (FD
A)  heavily regulates energy drinks. 
B)  All energy drinks must contain vitamins, food additives, and stimulants, including caffeine. 
C)  Energy drinks are classified as food by the Food and Drug Administration (FD
A) . 
D)  The Food and Drug Administration (FD
A)  ensures that claims made by drink manufacturers are verified. 
E)  Energy drinks claim to increase energy levels, mental awareness, and reduce muscle fatigue.

Question 10

Which one of the following is a main function of many proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Detoxification 
B)  Enzymatic activity 
C)  Genetic coding 
D)  Energy source 
A)  Detoxification 
B)  Enzymatic activity 
C)  Genetic coding 
D)  Energy source

Question 11

COVID-19 and the typical influenza have a similar impact on our physiology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In most organisms, the flow of information is from

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA to RNA to protein. 
B)  RNA to DNA to protein. 
C)  protein to DNA to RNA. 
D)  protein to RNA to DNA. 
A)  DNA to RNA to protein. 
B)  RNA to DNA to protein. 
C)  protein to DNA to RNA. 
D)  protein to RNA to DNA.

Question 13

While B vitamins can be found in energy drinks, few have folic acid. A person with a folic acid deficiency may have difficulty __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  with the breakdown of lipids 
B)  staying alert 
C)  building new cells 
D)  with responses of the nervous system 
E)  with the breakdown of carbohydrates 
A)  with the breakdown of lipids 
B)  staying alert 
C)  building new cells 
D)  with responses of the nervous system 
E)  with the breakdown of carbohydrates

Question 14

Energy drinks provide nutrients in the form of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Malic acid and glucuronic acid are found in energy drinks. These are examples of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamins 
B)  food additives 
C)  amino acids 
D)  stimulants 
E)  depressants 
A)  vitamins 
B)  food additives 
C)  amino acids 
D)  stimulants 
E)  depressants

Question 16

During the hyperinflammation phase, the immune system sometimes produces an excess of ________blank, which has been linked to problems with the most severe forms of COVID-19 including organ failure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the hyperinflammation phase, the immune system...

Question 17

What is the role of interferon in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interferon increases the permeability of the capillaries for fluid release into the infected area. 
B)  Interferon alerts neighboring cells to the presence of an infecting virus. 
C)  Interferon regulates the general immune responses. 
D)  Interferon activates cytotoxic T cells. 
A)  Interferon increases the permeability of the capillaries for fluid release into the infected area. 
B)  Interferon alerts neighboring cells to the presence of an infecting virus. 
C)  Interferon regulates the general immune responses. 
D)  Interferon activates cytotoxic T cells.

Question 18

The sum of all of the genes in an organism is commonly called its genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Below are ingredients found in an energy blend of an energy drink. Which of these ingredients aids in digestion of some minerals of the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Taurine 
B)  Glucuronic acid 
C)  Phenylalanine 
D)  Malic acid 
E)  Tyrosine 
A)  Taurine 
B)  Glucuronic acid 
C)  Phenylalanine 
D)  Malic acid 
E)  Tyrosine

Question 20

Common hosts for coronaviruses include (check all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  humans. 
B)  rats. 
C)  bats. 
D)  bears. 
A)  humans. 
B)  rats. 
C)  bats. 
D)  bears.

Genetic analyses suggest that SARS-CoV-2 most likely originated in

Antigenic shift

Energy drinks do not contain energy. They contain ______ that interact with the body's metabolic pathway.

Which of the following is the key feature of glycolysis?

Consider the following scenario: A fish that was normally found in freshwater has evolved and can now survive in brackish water which contains a mixture of fresh and salt water. How would this affect other levels of biology?

When a macrophage presents an antigen with an MHC-II protein,

The process whereby viruses evolve due to mutations in the genetic code that result in small changes to the surface spike proteins is called antigenic ________blank.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus targets ACE-2 receptors on the epithelial cells that line the interior surfaces of the lungs. What is the normal function of these receptors?

Which of the following statements is True regarding energy drinks?

Which one of the following is a main function of many proteins?

COVID-19 and the typical influenza have a similar impact on our physiology.

In most organisms, the flow of information is from

While B vitamins can be found in energy drinks, few have folic acid. A person with a folic acid deficiency may have difficulty __________.

Energy drinks provide nutrients in the form of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

Malic acid and glucuronic acid are found in energy drinks. These are examples of __________.

During the hyperinflammation phase, the immune system sometimes produces an excess of ________blank, which has been linked to problems with the most severe forms of COVID-19 including organ failure.

What is the role of interferon in the immune response?

The sum of all of the genes in an organism is commonly called its genome.

Below are ingredients found in an energy blend of an energy drink. Which of these ingredients aids in digestion of some minerals of the body?

Common hosts for coronaviruses include (check all that apply)

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Filters

Exam 4: Nutrient Types and Energy Processes

Genetic analyses suggest that SARS-CoV-2 most likely originated in

Antigenic shift

Energy drinks do not contain energy. They contain ______ that interact with the body's metabolic pathway.

Which of the following is the key feature of glycolysis?

Consider the following scenario: A fish that was normally found in freshwater has evolved and can now survive in brackish water which contains a mixture of fresh and salt water. How would this affect other levels of biology?

When a macrophage presents an antigen with an MHC-II protein,

The process whereby viruses evolve due to mutations in the genetic code that result in small changes to the surface spike proteins is called antigenic ________blank.

The SARS-CoV-2 virus targets ACE-2 receptors on the epithelial cells that line the interior surfaces of the lungs. What is the normal function of these receptors?

Which of the following statements is True regarding energy drinks?

Which one of the following is a main function of many proteins?

COVID-19 and the typical influenza have a similar impact on our physiology.

In most organisms, the flow of information is from

While B vitamins can be found in energy drinks, few have folic acid. A person with a folic acid deficiency may have difficulty __________.

Energy drinks provide nutrients in the form of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.

Malic acid and glucuronic acid are found in energy drinks. These are examples of __________.

During the hyperinflammation phase, the immune system sometimes produces an excess of ________blank, which has been linked to problems with the most severe forms of COVID-19 including organ failure.

What is the role of interferon in the immune response?

The sum of all of the genes in an organism is commonly called its genome.

Below are ingredients found in an energy blend of an energy drink. Which of these ingredients aids in digestion of some minerals of the body?

Common hosts for coronaviruses include (check all that apply)

Understanding Cancer: Causes, Effects, and Treatments

Climate Change, Global Warming, and Greenhouse Gases

The Function and Importance of Fitness Trackers

Genetic Modification, Global Warming, and Plant Kingdom: Exploring Impacts and Benefits

Understanding Natural Selection, Vaccines, and Viral Reproduction

Characteristics, Functions, and Analysis of Genetic Diseases and DNA

Annelids, Nematoda, Echinoderms, Primates, Biodiversity, and Speciation

Filters