Question 1

What happens to a memory if it is not consolidated?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is stored in long-term memory. 
B)  It does become a permanent memory. 
C)  It is more easily retrieved from memory store. 
D)  It will become distorted. 
A)  It is stored in long-term memory. 
B)  It does become a permanent memory. 
C)  It is more easily retrieved from memory store. 
D)  It will become distorted. B

Question 2

The neurotransmitter dopamine does not signal errors in prediction so much as it signals rewards.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Which of the following shows the correct sequence of brain areas through which plaques and tangles progress?

Accepted Answer

A)  limbic area, medial cortex, neocortex 
B)  medial cortex, limbic area, neocortex 
C)  neocortex, medial cortex, limbic area 
D)  neocortex, limbic area, medial cortex 
A)  limbic area, medial cortex, neocortex 
B)  medial cortex, limbic area, neocortex 
C)  neocortex, medial cortex, limbic area 
D)  neocortex, limbic area, medial cortex B

Question 4

What happens to memory with age? What are the behavioral, neural, and molecular changes that occur with age? What are some environmental interventions that could be used?

Accepted Answer

With age, several aspects of memory can

Question 5

H.M. not only suffered from both retrograde and anterograde amnesia after his hippocampus was surgically removed, but his IQ level was also impaired.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the advantages of new neurons is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are more active than mature neurons. 
B)  They are less vulnerable to be pruned away. 
C)  They have a lower threshold for LTP induction. 
D)  They are better at making fine discriminations. 
A)  They are more active than mature neurons. 
B)  They are less vulnerable to be pruned away. 
C)  They have a lower threshold for LTP induction. 
D)  They are better at making fine discriminations.

Question 7

Place cells respond when an individual is at a particular location in a particular environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Neurofibrillary tangles are associated with ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  death of brain cells 
B)  inhibition of neurotransmitter release 
C)  decreased action potentials 
D)  decreases in receptor sensitivity 
A)  death of brain cells 
B)  inhibition of neurotransmitter release 
C)  decreased action potentials 
D)  decreases in receptor sensitivity

Question 9

One of the most reliable ways to test for likelihood of Alzheimer's disease symptom progression is to test for ______ in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  lead 
B)  mercury 
C)  biomarkers 
D)  copper dehydrogenase 
A)  lead 
B)  mercury 
C)  biomarkers 
D)  copper dehydrogenase

Question 10

At which part(s) of the neuron do the clumps of beta amyloid cluster?

Accepted Answer

A)  where signals are received 
B)  where signals are processed 
C)  where action potentials occur 
D)  where neurotransmitters are released 
A)  where signals are received 
B)  where signals are processed 
C)  where action potentials occur 
D)  where neurotransmitters are released

Question 11

In one study, rats with a severed connection between the hippocampus and cortex showed impaired performance in a learning task ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  during training 
B)  24 hours after training 
C)  4 weeks after training 
D)  during and after training 
A)  during training 
B)  24 hours after training 
C)  4 weeks after training 
D)  during and after training

Question 12

In a rodent model of memory and aging, older rats with enhanced PP1 inhibitor gene showed ______ 4 weeks after training.

Accepted Answer

A)  no improvement in performance 
B)  robust performance 
C)  gradual increase in performance 
D)  sudden decrease in performance 
A)  no improvement in performance 
B)  robust performance 
C)  gradual increase in performance 
D)  sudden decrease in performance

Question 13

A doctor is diagnosing a patient who reports substantial anterograde and retrograde amnesia. Upon examination of an MRI scan of the patient's brain, the doctor notices that the patient has damage to the mammillary bodies, medial thalamus, and frontal lobes. What should be the first question the doctor should ask a relative of the patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Has he been exposed to lead paint?" 
B)  "Does he have a brother or sister with similar problems?" 
C)  "Does he have a problem with alcohol?" 
D)  "Can he still ride a bike?" 
A)  "Has he been exposed to lead paint?" 
B)  "Does he have a brother or sister with similar problems?" 
C)  "Does he have a problem with alcohol?" 
D)  "Can he still ride a bike?"

Question 14

When studying how LTP works in the hippocampus, what is the main neurotransmitter that is involved in the process?

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  glutamate 
D)  GABA 
A)  dopamine 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  glutamate 
D)  GABA

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT considered a main benefit of stem cell research regarding the treatment of Alzheimer's?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stem cells have anti-inflammatory effects. 
B)  Stem cells can be used to deliver RNA that will silence certain genes. 
C)  Stem cells can increase production of nerve growth factor. 
D)  All of these are benefits of stem cell research. 
A)  Stem cells have anti-inflammatory effects. 
B)  Stem cells can be used to deliver RNA that will silence certain genes. 
C)  Stem cells can increase production of nerve growth factor. 
D)  All of these are benefits of stem cell research.

Question 16

When Alzheimer's disease destroys the communication between V1 and its association areas, ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  it destroys procedural memory 
B)  it partly explains the early memory loss 
C)  it explains the decrease in motor abilities shown by patients 
D)  it explains the visual deficits experienced by some patients 
A)  it destroys procedural memory 
B)  it partly explains the early memory loss 
C)  it explains the decrease in motor abilities shown by patients 
D)  it explains the visual deficits experienced by some patients

Question 17

Many researchers believe that the hippocampus plays a time-limited role in consolidation and retrieval, which explains why damage to this area causes older memories to suffer less than recent ones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Following LTD, there is an increase in the number of dendritic spines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The process of extinction involves ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  forgetting 
B)  new learning 
C)  unlearning 
D)  pruning 
A)  forgetting 
B)  new learning 
C)  unlearning 
D)  pruning

Question 20

Blocking receptors for this neurotransmitter shortly after learning has taken place impairs consolidation and memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  norepinephrine 
A)  serotonin 
B)  acetylcholine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  norepinephrine

What happens to a memory if it is not consolidated?

The neurotransmitter dopamine does not signal errors in prediction so much as it signals rewards.

Which of the following shows the correct sequence of brain areas through which plaques and tangles progress?

What happens to memory with age? What are the behavioral, neural, and molecular changes that occur with age? What are some environmental interventions that could be used?

H.M. not only suffered from both retrograde and anterograde amnesia after his hippocampus was surgically removed, but his IQ level was also impaired.

Which of the following statements about the advantages of new neurons is FALSE?

Place cells respond when an individual is at a particular location in a particular environment.

Neurofibrillary tangles are associated with ______.

One of the most reliable ways to test for likelihood of Alzheimer's disease symptom progression is to test for ______ in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood.

At which part(s) of the neuron do the clumps of beta amyloid cluster?

In one study, rats with a severed connection between the hippocampus and cortex showed impaired performance in a learning task ______.

In a rodent model of memory and aging, older rats with enhanced PP1 inhibitor gene showed ______ 4 weeks after training.

When studying how LTP works in the hippocampus, what is the main neurotransmitter that is involved in the process?

Which of the following is NOT considered a main benefit of stem cell research regarding the treatment of Alzheimer's?

When Alzheimer's disease destroys the communication between V1 and its association areas, ______.

Many researchers believe that the hippocampus plays a time-limited role in consolidation and retrieval, which explains why damage to this area causes older memories to suffer less than recent ones.

Following LTD, there is an increase in the number of dendritic spines.

The process of extinction involves ______.

Blocking receptors for this neurotransmitter shortly after learning has taken place impairs consolidation and memory.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Communication Within the Nervous System

The Organization and Functions of the Nervous System

The Methods and Ethics of Research

Drugs, Addiction, and Reward

Motivation and the Regulation of Internal States

The Biology of Sex and Gender

Emotion and Health

Hearing and Language

Vision and Visual Perception

The Body Senses and Movement

Intelligence and Cognitive Functioning

Psychological Disorders

Sleep and Consciousness

Filters

Exam 12: Learning and Memory

What happens to a memory if it is not consolidated?

The neurotransmitter dopamine does not signal errors in prediction so much as it signals rewards.

Which of the following shows the correct sequence of brain areas through which plaques and tangles progress?

What happens to memory with age? What are the behavioral, neural, and molecular changes that occur with age? What are some environmental interventions that could be used?

H.M. not only suffered from both retrograde and anterograde amnesia after his hippocampus was surgically removed, but his IQ level was also impaired.

Which of the following statements about the advantages of new neurons is FALSE?

Place cells respond when an individual is at a particular location in a particular environment.

Neurofibrillary tangles are associated with ______.

One of the most reliable ways to test for likelihood of Alzheimer's disease symptom progression is to test for ______ in the cerebrospinal fluid and blood.

At which part(s) of the neuron do the clumps of beta amyloid cluster?

In one study, rats with a severed connection between the hippocampus and cortex showed impaired performance in a learning task ______.

In a rodent model of memory and aging, older rats with enhanced PP1 inhibitor gene showed ______ 4 weeks after training.

When studying how LTP works in the hippocampus, what is the main neurotransmitter that is involved in the process?

Which of the following is NOT considered a main benefit of stem cell research regarding the treatment of Alzheimer's?

When Alzheimer's disease destroys the communication between V1 and its association areas, ______.

Many researchers believe that the hippocampus plays a time-limited role in consolidation and retrieval, which explains why damage to this area causes older memories to suffer less than recent ones.

Following LTD, there is an increase in the number of dendritic spines.

The process of extinction involves ______.

Blocking receptors for this neurotransmitter shortly after learning has taken place impairs consolidation and memory.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Communication Within the Nervous System

The Organization and Functions of the Nervous System

The Methods and Ethics of Research

Drugs, Addiction, and Reward

Motivation and the Regulation of Internal States

The Biology of Sex and Gender

Emotion and Health

Hearing and Language

Vision and Visual Perception

The Body Senses and Movement

Intelligence and Cognitive Functioning

Psychological Disorders

Sleep and Consciousness

Filters