Question 1

What are mirror neurons, and what role might they play in particular emotions?

Accepted Answer

Mirror neurons are neurons that respond both when we engage in a specific act and while observing the same act in others. Observing another person's emotional expressions activates emotional areas in our own brains, and the amount of activity is related to scores on a measure of empathy.

Question 2

Why is pain considered an adaptive emotion? What condition illustrates this aspect of pain?

Accepted Answer

Pain is unique among the senses: It is so intimately involved with emotion that we are justified in discussing it as an emotional response. In fact, when we tell someone about a pain experience, we are usually describing an emotional reaction; it is the emotional response that makes pain adaptive.

Question 3

Effects of stress on an individual can be inherited by that individual's offspring.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Aggression is predominantly influenced by environmental factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Three years after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack on the twin towers of the World Trade Center, researchers found that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  people who lived far from the towers (200 miles) experienced just as many symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder as those who lived closer (1.5 miles) 
B)  no posttraumatic symptoms were observed in either the near or far group, because enough time had elapsed for people to recover from stress 
C)  reduced gray matter in several key areas involved in emotion in the individuals who lived closer to the site of the terrorist attacks 
D)  less amygdala activation to fearful faces in the group who lived within 1.5 miles of the terrorist attack site 
A)  people who lived far from the towers (200 miles) experienced just as many symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder as those who lived closer (1.5 miles) 
B)  no posttraumatic symptoms were observed in either the near or far group, because enough time had elapsed for people to recover from stress 
C)  reduced gray matter in several key areas involved in emotion in the individuals who lived closer to the site of the terrorist attacks 
D)  less amygdala activation to fearful faces in the group who lived within 1.5 miles of the terrorist attack site

Question 6

Define the term "stress." What major systems are activated during stressful events?

Accepted Answer

"Stress" is a term that has two meanings

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a form of aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  predatory 
B)  affective 
C)  instrumental 
D)  revengeful 
A)  predatory 
B)  affective 
C)  instrumental 
D)  revengeful

Question 8

When college students were instructed to assume specific facial expressions, they ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  did not change their emotions because they knew the experimenter was asking them to "pose" the expressions 
B)  changed their emotions to match the expression because they wanted to please the experimenter 
C)  reported feeling emotions that were consistent with the facial expressions they were instructed to create 
D)  were unable to produce the individual facial components of different expressions, so the study was inconclusive 
A)  did not change their emotions because they knew the experimenter was asking them to "pose" the expressions 
B)  changed their emotions to match the expression because they wanted to please the experimenter 
C)  reported feeling emotions that were consistent with the facial expressions they were instructed to create 
D)  were unable to produce the individual facial components of different expressions, so the study was inconclusive

Question 9

Explain why people who believe emotion is a right-hemisphere phenomenon are mistaken.

Accepted Answer

The specialization of the cerebral hemis

Question 10

What structure that is involved with risky behavior is also likely involved with aggression?

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum 
B)  prefrontal cortex 
C)  inferior olivary tract 
D)  medical preoptic area 
A)  cerebellum 
B)  prefrontal cortex 
C)  inferior olivary tract 
D)  medical preoptic area

Question 11

The view that feedback from others, observing another person's emotional expressions, activates emotional areas in our own brains is mediated by what?

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic ganglion 
B)  mirror neurons 
C)  reciprocity circuitry 
D)  this is something only observed in true empaths 
A)  sympathetic ganglion 
B)  mirror neurons 
C)  reciprocity circuitry 
D)  this is something only observed in true empaths

Question 12

How do people with damage to the ventromedial cortex in the frontal lobe respond on a gambling card task?

Accepted Answer

A)  They do not understand any rules of the gambling task. 
B)  They do not shift from risky choices to more advantageous, safe decks as control subjects do. 
C)  They learn to shift from risky to safe decks, but only after they receive penalties with the risky deck. 
D)  After they learn how the game works, they finally make the switch to avoid penalties. 
A)  They do not understand any rules of the gambling task. 
B)  They do not shift from risky choices to more advantageous, safe decks as control subjects do. 
C)  They learn to shift from risky to safe decks, but only after they receive penalties with the risky deck. 
D)  After they learn how the game works, they finally make the switch to avoid penalties.

Question 13

Emotions were originally thought to originate in the limbic system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Explain why research on emotion has focused on fear.

Accepted Answer

Researchers knew from animal studies tha

Question 15

Damage to which part of the brain will result in someone speaking in a monotone voice?

Accepted Answer

A)  right frontal area 
B)  left frontal area 
C)  bilateral amygdala 
D)  prefrontal cortex 
A)  right frontal area 
B)  left frontal area 
C)  bilateral amygdala 
D)  prefrontal cortex

Question 16

The ______ allele/gene leads to violent behavior only in those individuals who were subjected to childhood physical abuse.

Accepted Answer

A)  testosterone 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  MAOA-L 
D)  NPY 
A)  testosterone 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  MAOA-L 
D)  NPY

Question 17

Which hormone has been implicated in the decrease of physiological symptoms of stress?

Accepted Answer

A)  NPY 
B)  PYY 
C)  oxytocin 
D)  estrogen 
A)  NPY 
B)  PYY 
C)  oxytocin 
D)  estrogen

Question 18

In pain sensitivity disorders, what is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emotional response is diminished, but sensation of pain is not. 
B)  Emotional response is not diminished, but the sensation of pain is. 
C)  Both emotional and sensation of pain are diminished. 
D)  Both emotional and sensation of pain are not diminished. 
A)  Emotional response is diminished, but sensation of pain is not. 
B)  Emotional response is not diminished, but the sensation of pain is. 
C)  Both emotional and sensation of pain are diminished. 
D)  Both emotional and sensation of pain are not diminished.

Question 19

If you had a type of cancer that involved the immune cells in your central nervous system that ingest intruders (similar to how macrophages function in the peripheral body), what cell would be affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  T cells 
B)  B cells 
C)  natural killer cells 
D)  microglia 
A)  T cells 
B)  B cells 
C)  natural killer cells 
D)  microglia

Question 20

Although social support, personality, and attitudes all are related to immune functioning, their role may be overstated as they simply may be a manifestation of what?

Accepted Answer

A)  the culture 
B)  the individual's greater physiological functioning 
C)  expression of NPY gene function 
D)  neonatal environment 
A)  the culture 
B)  the individual's greater physiological functioning 
C)  expression of NPY gene function 
D)  neonatal environment

What are mirror neurons, and what role might they play in particular emotions?

Why is pain considered an adaptive emotion? What condition illustrates this aspect of pain?

Effects of stress on an individual can be inherited by that individual's offspring.

Aggression is predominantly influenced by environmental factors.

Three years after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack on the twin towers of the World Trade Center, researchers found that ______.

Define the term "stress." What major systems are activated during stressful events?

Which of the following is NOT a form of aggression?

When college students were instructed to assume specific facial expressions, they ______.

Explain why people who believe emotion is a right-hemisphere phenomenon are mistaken.

What structure that is involved with risky behavior is also likely involved with aggression?

The view that feedback from others, observing another person's emotional expressions, activates emotional areas in our own brains is mediated by what?

How do people with damage to the ventromedial cortex in the frontal lobe respond on a gambling card task?

Emotions were originally thought to originate in the limbic system.

Explain why research on emotion has focused on fear.

Damage to which part of the brain will result in someone speaking in a monotone voice?

The ______ allele/gene leads to violent behavior only in those individuals who were subjected to childhood physical abuse.

Which hormone has been implicated in the decrease of physiological symptoms of stress?

In pain sensitivity disorders, what is true?

If you had a type of cancer that involved the immune cells in your central nervous system that ingest intruders (similar to how macrophages function in the peripheral body), what cell would be affected?

Although social support, personality, and attitudes all are related to immune functioning, their role may be overstated as they simply may be a manifestation of what?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Communication Within the Nervous System

The Organization and Functions of the Nervous System

The Methods and Ethics of Research

Drugs, Addiction, and Reward

Motivation and the Regulation of Internal States

The Biology of Sex and Gender

Hearing and Language

Vision and Visual Perception

The Body Senses and Movement

Learning and Memory

Intelligence and Cognitive Functioning

Psychological Disorders

Sleep and Consciousness

Filters

Exam 8: Emotion and Health

What are mirror neurons, and what role might they play in particular emotions?

Why is pain considered an adaptive emotion? What condition illustrates this aspect of pain?

Effects of stress on an individual can be inherited by that individual's offspring.

Aggression is predominantly influenced by environmental factors.

Three years after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attack on the twin towers of the World Trade Center, researchers found that ______.

Define the term "stress." What major systems are activated during stressful events?

Which of the following is NOT a form of aggression?

When college students were instructed to assume specific facial expressions, they ______.

Explain why people who believe emotion is a right-hemisphere phenomenon are mistaken.

What structure that is involved with risky behavior is also likely involved with aggression?

The view that feedback from others, observing another person's emotional expressions, activates emotional areas in our own brains is mediated by what?

How do people with damage to the ventromedial cortex in the frontal lobe respond on a gambling card task?

Emotions were originally thought to originate in the limbic system.

Explain why research on emotion has focused on fear.

Damage to which part of the brain will result in someone speaking in a monotone voice?

The ______ allele/gene leads to violent behavior only in those individuals who were subjected to childhood physical abuse.

Which hormone has been implicated in the decrease of physiological symptoms of stress?

In pain sensitivity disorders, what is true?

If you had a type of cancer that involved the immune cells in your central nervous system that ingest intruders (similar to how macrophages function in the peripheral body), what cell would be affected?

Although social support, personality, and attitudes all are related to immune functioning, their role may be overstated as they simply may be a manifestation of what?

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Communication Within the Nervous System

The Organization and Functions of the Nervous System

The Methods and Ethics of Research

Drugs, Addiction, and Reward

Motivation and the Regulation of Internal States

The Biology of Sex and Gender

Hearing and Language

Vision and Visual Perception

The Body Senses and Movement

Learning and Memory

Intelligence and Cognitive Functioning

Psychological Disorders

Sleep and Consciousness

Filters