Question 1

Chromosomal abnormalities typically occur because of errors in cell division.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

In the context of assisted reproductive technology (ART), artificial insemination by a donor recommended when

Accepted Answer

A)  there is an increased risk for children of a multiples birth. 
B)  the production of multiple ova needs to be stimulated. 
C)  there is no female partner. 
D)  the male partner is infertile. 
A)  there is an increased risk for children of a multiples birth. 
B)  the production of multiple ova needs to be stimulated. 
C)  there is no female partner. 
D)  the male partner is infertile.

Question 3

Which of the following is true of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  It results in two cells, each with 46 chromosomes. 
B)  It reduces the number of chromosomes by half. 
C)  It refers to the addition of an extra 21st chromosome. 
D)  It represents the process by which the ovum and sperm combine. 
A)  It results in two cells, each with 46 chromosomes. 
B)  It reduces the number of chromosomes by half. 
C)  It refers to the addition of an extra 21st chromosome. 
D)  It represents the process by which the ovum and sperm combine.

Question 4

Recessive defects are expressed only if a child is ________ for that gene.

Accepted Answer

A)  homozygous 
B)  hemizygous 
C)  azygous 
D)  heterozygous 
A)  homozygous 
B)  hemizygous 
C)  azygous 
D)  heterozygous

Question 5

________ is defined as the unique environment in which each child grows up, consisting of distinctive influences or influences that affect one child differently than another.

Accepted Answer

A)  nonshared environmental effect 
B)  canalization 
C)  genotype-environment interaction 
D)  bioecology 
A)  nonshared environmental effect 
B)  canalization 
C)  genotype-environment interaction 
D)  bioecology

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true about infertility?

Accepted Answer

A)  Obesity is unlikely to have a negative effect on fertility. 
B)  Smoking is likely to have a strong negative effect on fertility. 
C)  High levels of caffeine and alcohol consumption are the leading causes of infertility. 
D)  Exposure to environmental pollutants is unlikely to be related to infertility. 
A)  Obesity is unlikely to have a negative effect on fertility. 
B)  Smoking is likely to have a strong negative effect on fertility. 
C)  High levels of caffeine and alcohol consumption are the leading causes of infertility. 
D)  Exposure to environmental pollutants is unlikely to be related to infertility.

Question 7

Reza, a 2-day-old baby, has muscle weakness and is unable to move his limbs. His doctors perform a surgery to close his spinal canal and to place a shunt inside his brain to drain excess fluid. In the context of birth defects, Reza is likely to have

Accepted Answer

A)  spina bifida. 
B)  anencephaly. 
C)  Duchenne muscular dystrophy. 
D)  Tay-Sachs disease. 
A)  spina bifida. 
B)  anencephaly. 
C)  Duchenne muscular dystrophy. 
D)  Tay-Sachs disease.

Question 8

________ is defined as a mechanism that turns genes on or off and determines the functions of body cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitosis 
B)  Meiosis 
C)  Phagocytosis 
D)  Epigenesis 
A)  Mitosis 
B)  Meiosis 
C)  Phagocytosis 
D)  Epigenesis

Question 9

In the context of the ways in which inheritance and experience work together, which of the following is true of an evocative correlation?

Accepted Answer

A)  This response involves other people reacting to a child's genetic makeup. 
B)  This response illustrates how heredity restricts the range of development for some traits. 
C)  This response functions only when a child is living with a biologically related parent. 
D)  This response is most common among adolescents and adults. 
A)  This response involves other people reacting to a child's genetic makeup. 
B)  This response illustrates how heredity restricts the range of development for some traits. 
C)  This response functions only when a child is living with a biologically related parent. 
D)  This response is most common among adolescents and adults.

Question 10

In the context of races and ethnicities, which of the following is a true statement about birth disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hispanic infants report the highest rates of hypospadias. 
B)  Hispanic infants have a higher occurrence of neural tube and ear defects than do non-Hispanic white infants. 
C)  African American infants are more likely than others to have cleft lip or gastrointestinal abnormalities. 
D)  Asian American infants are at a higher risk for most birth defects than others. 
A)  Hispanic infants report the highest rates of hypospadias. 
B)  Hispanic infants have a higher occurrence of neural tube and ear defects than do non-Hispanic white infants. 
C)  African American infants are more likely than others to have cleft lip or gastrointestinal abnormalities. 
D)  Asian American infants are at a higher risk for most birth defects than others.

Question 11

In the context of heritability, if a pair of twins is said to be concordant, the twins are likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  attribute life to objects that are not alive. 
B)  make changes in their speech to match specific situations. 
C)  share a specific trait or disorder. 
D)  have accumulated differences in their genotypes. 
A)  attribute life to objects that are not alive. 
B)  make changes in their speech to match specific situations. 
C)  share a specific trait or disorder. 
D)  have accumulated differences in their genotypes.

Question 12

During the 1860s, Gregor Mendel laid the foundation for people's understanding of patterns of inheritance. Mendel's most important finding was that

Accepted Answer

A)  genes occur singly and not in pairs. 
B)  genes do not have fixed positions on chromosomes. 
C)  dominant traits are expressed only if both copies of a gene are recessive. 
D)  traits are transmitted independently of each other. 
A)  genes occur singly and not in pairs. 
B)  genes do not have fixed positions on chromosomes. 
C)  dominant traits are expressed only if both copies of a gene are recessive. 
D)  traits are transmitted independently of each other.

Question 13

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection involves injecting a single sperm into the ovum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is true of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is caused by an incompletely closed spinal canal. 
B)  It is usually fatal in males, and death usually occurs in young adulthood. 
C)  Its symptoms include enlarged kidneys, respiratory problems, and paralysis. 
D)  It can be treated with antibiotics and physical therapy. 
A)  It is caused by an incompletely closed spinal canal. 
B)  It is usually fatal in males, and death usually occurs in young adulthood. 
C)  Its symptoms include enlarged kidneys, respiratory problems, and paralysis. 
D)  It can be treated with antibiotics and physical therapy.

Question 15

At the moment of conception, the single-celled zygote receives all the biological information needed to guide its development into a unique individual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Intelligence is a trait that is

Accepted Answer

A)  influenced by the effects of large numbers of genes working together. 
B)  determined by a relatively small number of recessive genes. 
C)  determined from the karyotype of the father. 
D)  characterized by a lack of plasticity toward extreme environmental features. 
A)  influenced by the effects of large numbers of genes working together. 
B)  determined by a relatively small number of recessive genes. 
C)  determined from the karyotype of the father. 
D)  characterized by a lack of plasticity toward extreme environmental features.

Question 17

Which of the following exemplifies a homozygous trait in a person?

Accepted Answer

A)  Briana has curly hair similar to that of her parents. 
B)  Connor has freckles like his father, whereas his mother has clear skin. 
C)  Jayden, a mixed-race child, takes after his Asian mother who does not have eyelid creases. 
D)  Nyle's blood type is AB, whereas his mother's and father's blood types are A and B, respectively. 
A)  Briana has curly hair similar to that of her parents. 
B)  Connor has freckles like his father, whereas his mother has clear skin. 
C)  Jayden, a mixed-race child, takes after his Asian mother who does not have eyelid creases. 
D)  Nyle's blood type is AB, whereas his mother's and father's blood types are A and B, respectively.

Question 18

Once hormones signal the SRY gene on the X chromosome to turn on, cell differentiation and formation of the ovaries are triggered.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In the context of making an estimate of the relative influence of genes and environment on a trait, identify a true statement about family studies.

Accepted Answer

A)  Researchers study twins that are raised in either their biological family or an adoptive family. 
B)  Researchers measure the degree to which biological relatives share certain traits. 
C)  Researchers look at similarities between adopted children and their adoptive families. 
D)  Researchers compare pairs of monozygotic, or identical, twins with same-sex dizygotic, or fraternal, twins. 
A)  Researchers study twins that are raised in either their biological family or an adoptive family. 
B)  Researchers measure the degree to which biological relatives share certain traits. 
C)  Researchers look at similarities between adopted children and their adoptive families. 
D)  Researchers compare pairs of monozygotic, or identical, twins with same-sex dizygotic, or fraternal, twins.

Question 20

At 6 to 8 weeks after conception, the testes start to produce the male hormone testosterone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Chromosomal abnormalities typically occur because of errors in cell division.

In the context of assisted reproductive technology (ART), artificial insemination by a donor recommended when

Which of the following is true of meiosis?

Recessive defects are expressed only if a child is ________ for that gene.

________ is defined as the unique environment in which each child grows up, consisting of distinctive influences or influences that affect one child differently than another.

Which of the following statements is true about infertility?

Reza, a 2-day-old baby, has muscle weakness and is unable to move his limbs. His doctors perform a surgery to close his spinal canal and to place a shunt inside his brain to drain excess fluid. In the context of birth defects, Reza is likely to have

________ is defined as a mechanism that turns genes on or off and determines the functions of body cells.

In the context of the ways in which inheritance and experience work together, which of the following is true of an evocative correlation?

In the context of races and ethnicities, which of the following is a true statement about birth disorders?

In the context of heritability, if a pair of twins is said to be concordant, the twins are likely to

During the 1860s, Gregor Mendel laid the foundation for people's understanding of patterns of inheritance. Mendel's most important finding was that

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection involves injecting a single sperm into the ovum.

Which of the following is true of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

At the moment of conception, the single-celled zygote receives all the biological information needed to guide its development into a unique individual.

Intelligence is a trait that is

Which of the following exemplifies a homozygous trait in a person?

Once hormones signal the SRY gene on the X chromosome to turn on, cell differentiation and formation of the ovaries are triggered.

In the context of making an estimate of the relative influence of genes and environment on a trait, identify a true statement about family studies.

At 6 to 8 weeks after conception, the testes start to produce the male hormone testosterone.

Introduction to Child Development

Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn

Physical Development and Health: 0 to 3

Cognitive Development: 0 to 3

Psychosocial Development: 0 to 3

Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development and Health in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development and Health in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Psychosocial Development in Adolescence

Filters

Exam 2: Conception, Environment, and Heredity

Chromosomal abnormalities typically occur because of errors in cell division.

In the context of assisted reproductive technology (ART), artificial insemination by a donor recommended when

Which of the following is true of meiosis?

Recessive defects are expressed only if a child is ________ for that gene.

________ is defined as the unique environment in which each child grows up, consisting of distinctive influences or influences that affect one child differently than another.

Which of the following statements is true about infertility?

Reza, a 2-day-old baby, has muscle weakness and is unable to move his limbs. His doctors perform a surgery to close his spinal canal and to place a shunt inside his brain to drain excess fluid. In the context of birth defects, Reza is likely to have

________ is defined as a mechanism that turns genes on or off and determines the functions of body cells.

In the context of the ways in which inheritance and experience work together, which of the following is true of an evocative correlation?

In the context of races and ethnicities, which of the following is a true statement about birth disorders?

In the context of heritability, if a pair of twins is said to be concordant, the twins are likely to

During the 1860s, Gregor Mendel laid the foundation for people's understanding of patterns of inheritance. Mendel's most important finding was that

Intracytoplasmic sperm injection involves injecting a single sperm into the ovum.

Which of the following is true of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

At the moment of conception, the single-celled zygote receives all the biological information needed to guide its development into a unique individual.

Intelligence is a trait that is

Which of the following exemplifies a homozygous trait in a person?

Once hormones signal the SRY gene on the X chromosome to turn on, cell differentiation and formation of the ovaries are triggered.

In the context of making an estimate of the relative influence of genes and environment on a trait, identify a true statement about family studies.

At 6 to 8 weeks after conception, the testes start to produce the male hormone testosterone.

Introduction to Child Development

Pregnancy and Prenatal Development

Birth and the Newborn

Physical Development and Health: 0 to 3

Cognitive Development: 0 to 3

Psychosocial Development: 0 to 3

Physical Development and Health in Early Childhood

Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Early Childhood

Physical Development and Health in Middle Childhood

Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Psychosocial Development in Middle Childhood

Physical Development and Health in Adolescence

Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Psychosocial Development in Adolescence

Filters