Question 1

The _____ signaling pathway undergoes autophosphorylation, resulting in kinase activation.

Accepted Answer

receptor tyrosine kinase

Question 2

In a mixed bilayer at lower temperatures, cholesterol restricts the movement of nearby acyl chains, resulting in a more _____ membrane. As the percentage of cholesterol in the membrane increases past a certain point, the membrane becomes more _____. 
Dropdown 1: solid, fluid 
Dropdown 2: solid, fluid

Accepted Answer

fluid ,solid

Question 3

For cAMP to _____ protein kinase A, cAMP binds to the _____ subunits. 
Dropdown 1: inhibit, activate
Dropdown 2: regulatory, catalytic, allosteric

Accepted Answer

activate, regulatory

Question 4

Activation of a G protein in response to hormone binding requires binding of _____ to the _____ subunit.

Accepted Answer

A)  GDP; $\beta$ 
B)  GTP; $\alpha$ 
C)  GDP; $\beta$. 
D)  GTP; $\gamma$ 
E)  GDP; $\alpha$. 
A)  GDP; $\beta$ 
B)  GTP; $\alpha$ 
C)  GDP; $\beta$. 
D)  GTP; $\gamma$ 
E)  GDP; $\alpha$.

Question 5

What is a transporter that moves two different molecules or ions in the same direction?

Accepted Answer

A)  uniporter 
B)  diporter 
C)  symporter 
D)  antiporter 
E)  none of the above 
A)  uniporter 
B)  diporter 
C)  symporter 
D)  antiporter 
E)  none of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is (are) the result of insulin binding to its receptor?
I. MAPK activation via Erk, which regulates gene expression
II. PI3K activation, leading to an increase in glucose transport
III. PI3K activation, leading to increased protein synthesis
IV. Autophosphorylation

Accepted Answer

A)  II, III, IV 
B)  I, II, III, IV 
C)  II, III 
D)  I, II 
E)  III only 
A)  II, III, IV 
B)  I, II, III, IV 
C)  II, III 
D)  I, II 
E)  III only

Question 7

Which of the following terms describes all glycerophospholipid?

Accepted Answer

A)  zwitterionic 
B)  amphipathic 
C)  nonpolar 
D)  amphoteric 
E)  none of the above 
A)  zwitterionic 
B)  amphipathic 
C)  nonpolar 
D)  amphoteric 
E)  none of the above

Question 8

Two molecules of insulin must bind to the insulin receptor for activation to occur.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What enzyme is activated by association with an active G protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  adenylate cyclase 
B)  cAMP phosphodiesterase 
C)  protein kinase A 
D)  protein kinase G 
E)  all of the above 
A)  adenylate cyclase 
B)  cAMP phosphodiesterase 
C)  protein kinase A 
D)  protein kinase G 
E)  all of the above

Question 10

A lipid raft is a(n) _____ in the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane.

Accepted Answer

A)  transmembrane protein 
B)  integral membrane protein oriented to the intracellular side 
C)  integral membrane protein oriented to the extracellular side 
D)  region of high cholesterol and sphingolipid content 
E)  none of the above 
A)  transmembrane protein 
B)  integral membrane protein oriented to the intracellular side 
C)  integral membrane protein oriented to the extracellular side 
D)  region of high cholesterol and sphingolipid content 
E)  none of the above

Question 11

An example of nonmediated transport is ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An example of nonmediated transport is ______....

Question 12

The major lipid component of cell membranes is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  triacylglycerol 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  glycerophospholipid 
D)  plasmologen 
E)  ganglioside 
A)  triacylglycerol 
B)  cholesterol 
C)  glycerophospholipid 
D)  plasmologen 
E)  ganglioside

Question 13

Use the diagram below to answer the following question. The enzyme flippase would catalyze which of the following types of reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  exchange of a phospholipid in position A for a cholesterol in position A 
B)  exchange for a lipid in position A for a lipid in position B 
C)  exchange for a phospholipid in position A with a phospholipid in position C 
D)  exchange of a lipid in position B for a lipid in position D 
E)  exchange of a glycerolphospholipid in position A for a sphingolipid in position C 
A)  exchange of a phospholipid in position A for a cholesterol in position A 
B)  exchange for a lipid in position A for a lipid in position B 
C)  exchange for a phospholipid in position A with a phospholipid in position C 
D)  exchange of a lipid in position B for a lipid in position D 
E)  exchange of a glycerolphospholipid in position A for a sphingolipid in position C

Question 14

Integrins and aquaporins are examples of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  uniporters 
B)  peripheral membrane proteins 
C)  integral membrane proteins 
D)  signal transduction receptors 
E)  none of the above is correct 
A)  uniporters 
B)  peripheral membrane proteins 
C)  integral membrane proteins 
D)  signal transduction receptors 
E)  none of the above is correct

Question 15

cAMP binds to the _____ subunits of protein kinase A, allowing the tetramer to dissociate and release _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  active subunits; an active catalytic dimer 
B)  active subunits; two active catalytic monomers 
C)  regulatory subunits; an active catalytic dimer 
D)  regulatory subunits; two active catalytic monomers 
E)  regulatory subunits; two active regulatory monomers 
A)  active subunits; an active catalytic dimer 
B)  active subunits; two active catalytic monomers 
C)  regulatory subunits; an active catalytic dimer 
D)  regulatory subunits; two active catalytic monomers 
E)  regulatory subunits; two active regulatory monomers

Question 16

A small molecule produced inside a cell in response to a hormone binding to its receptor is called a(n) _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  inside messenger 
B)  agonist 
C)  antagonist 
D)  second messenger 
E)  G protein 
A)  inside messenger 
B)  agonist 
C)  antagonist 
D)  second messenger 
E)  G protein

Question 17

Which of the following correctly ranks the steps in the secretory pathway?
1) Ligand (hormone) binds to receptor.
2) Activated adenylate cyclase produces cAMP from ATP.
3) G protein ? subunit exchanges bound GDP for GTP.
4) cAMP binds to the regulatory subunits of PKA, activating it.
5) G? subunit dissociates from complex and activates adenylate cyclase.
6) Active PKA subunits phosphorylate targets in the cell, regulating function.
7) The catalytic subunits of PKA dissociate.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 5, 4, 6, 7, 3 
B)  1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 7, 6 
C)  2, 4, 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 
D)  2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 6, 7 
E)  1, 3, 4, 2, 5, 7, 6 
A)  1, 2, 5, 4, 6, 7, 3 
B)  1, 3, 5, 2, 4, 7, 6 
C)  2, 4, 1, 3, 5, 6, 7 
D)  2, 4, 3, 5, 4, 6, 7 
E)  1, 3, 4, 2, 5, 7, 6

Question 18

A transporter that moves two substances simultaneously in the same direction is an example of a(n) ______.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A transporter that moves two substances simultaneously...

Question 19

What type of transporter is responsible for moving water across membranes?

Accepted Answer

A)  aquachannel 
B)  aquaporin 
C)  aquaphore 
D)  aquaporter 
E)  aquapermease 
A)  aquachannel 
B)  aquaporin 
C)  aquaphore 
D)  aquaporter 
E)  aquapermease

Question 20

The activity of protein kinase A is affected by which of the following?
I. activated adenylate cyclase
II. levels of cAMP
III. phosphodiesterases
IV. cholera toxin

Accepted Answer

A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  I, IV 
D)  I, II, III 
E)  I, II, III, IV 
A)  I only 
B)  II only 
C)  I, IV 
D)  I, II, III 
E)  I, II, III, IV

Exam 5: Membranes and an Introduction to Signal Transduction

The _____ signaling pathway undergoes autophosphorylation, resulting in kinase activation.

In a mixed bilayer at lower temperatures, cholesterol restricts the movement of nearby acyl chains, resulting in a more _____ membrane. As the percentage of cholesterol in the membrane increases past a certain point, the membrane becomes more _____. Dropdown 1: solid, fluid Dropdown 2: solid, fluid

For cAMP to _____ protein kinase A, cAMP binds to the _____ subunits. Dropdown 1: inhibit, activate Dropdown 2: regulatory, catalytic, allosteric

Activation of a G protein in response to hormone binding requires binding of _____ to the _____ subunit.

What is a transporter that moves two different molecules or ions in the same direction?

Which of the following is (are) the result of insulin binding to its receptor? I. MAPK activation via Erk, which regulates gene expression II. PI3K activation, leading to an increase in glucose transport III. PI3K activation, leading to increased protein synthesis IV. Autophosphorylation

Which of the following terms describes all glycerophospholipid?

Two molecules of insulin must bind to the insulin receptor for activation to occur.

What enzyme is activated by association with an active G protein?

A lipid raft is a(n) _____ in the lipid bilayer of a cell membrane.

An example of nonmediated transport is ______.

The major lipid component of cell membranes is _____.

Use the diagram below to answer the following question. The enzyme flippase would catalyze which of the following types of reactions?

Integrins and aquaporins are examples of _____.

cAMP binds to the _____ subunits of protein kinase A, allowing the tetramer to dissociate and release _____.

A small molecule produced inside a cell in response to a hormone binding to its receptor is called a(n) _____.

A transporter that moves two substances simultaneously in the same direction is an example of a(n) ______.

What type of transporter is responsible for moving water across membranes?

The activity of protein kinase A is affected by which of the following? I. activated adenylate cyclase II. levels of cAMP III. phosphodiesterases IV. cholera toxin

The Chemical Foundations of Biochemistry

Nucleic Acids

Proteins I

Proteins Iienzymes

Carbohydrates I

The Common Catabolic Pathway

Carbohydrates II

Lipids I

Lipids II

Amine Metabolism

Metabolism Integration

Nucleotide Deoxynucleotide Metabolism

Dna Replication, Damage and Repair

Rna Synthesis

Protein

Control of Gene

Determination of Macromolecular Structure

Allosterism and Receptor-Ligand

Designer Proteins and Protein Folding

Biomolecule Purification

Bioinformatics and Omics

Signal

Protein Trafficking

Photosynthesis Nitrogen

Filters

In a mixed bilayer at lower temperatures, cholesterol restricts the movement of nearby acyl chains, resulting in a more _ membrane. As the percentage of cholesterol in the membrane increases past a certain point, the membrane becomes more _. Dropdown 1: solid, fluid Dropdown 2: solid, fluid

For cAMP to _ protein kinase A, cAMP binds to the _ subunits. Dropdown 1: inhibit, activate Dropdown 2: regulatory, catalytic, allosteric

Activation of a G protein in response to hormone binding requires binding of _ to the _ subunit.

cAMP binds to the _ subunits of protein kinase A, allowing the tetramer to dissociate and release _.