Question 1

In the original study demonstrating "stereotype threat," which of the following significantly influenced how well Black college students performed?

Accepted Answer

A) How close the experimenter stood relative to the participants 
B) How many other people were in the room 
C) The difficulty of the first question on the test 
D) Instructions about the purpose of the test 
A) How close the experimenter stood relative to the participants 
B) How many other people were in the room 
C) The difficulty of the first question on the test 
D) Instructions about the purpose of the test

Question 2

On a test of academic ability,most students get consistent scores from test to retest,but their scores do not predict their school performance.What can we say about the reliability and validity of the test?

Accepted Answer

A) The reliability and validity are both high. 
B) The reliability is low but the validity is high. 
C) The reliability is high but the validity is low. 
D) The reliability is high but the validity is unknown. 
A) The reliability and validity are both high. 
B) The reliability is low but the validity is high. 
C) The reliability is high but the validity is low. 
D) The reliability is high but the validity is unknown.

Question 3

What is the highest possible reliability of a test?

Accepted Answer

A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 100 
D) Infinity 
A) 0 
B) 1 
C) 100 
D) Infinity

Question 4

What is the difference between the WISC and the WAIS?

Accepted Answer

A) They are appropriate for people of different languages. 
B) They are appropriate for people with different interests. 
C) They are appropriate for people with different sensory abilities or limitations. 
D) They are appropriate for people of different ages. 
A) They are appropriate for people of different languages. 
B) They are appropriate for people with different interests. 
C) They are appropriate for people with different sensory abilities or limitations. 
D) They are appropriate for people of different ages.

Question 5

A psychologist gets people's scores on many tests of intellectual performance and determines the correlations among them.It appears she is probably testing which of these theories?​

Accepted Answer

A) The Flynn effect 
B) ​Spearman's g factor 
C) ​The role of genetics in intelligence 
D) ​Chomsky's language acquisition device 
A) The Flynn effect 
B) ​Spearman's g factor 
C) ​The role of genetics in intelligence 
D) ​Chomsky's language acquisition device

Question 6

What does it mean if a test has low validity?

Accepted Answer

A) The test has not yet been standardized on a large, representative population. 
B) The test does not measure what it claims to measure. 
C) People who score high one time will score only average the next time. 
D) People who score high one time will score below average the next time. 
A) The test has not yet been standardized on a large, representative population. 
B) The test does not measure what it claims to measure. 
C) People who score high one time will score only average the next time. 
D) People who score high one time will score below average the next time.

Question 7

Crystallized intelligence refers to what?​

Accepted Answer

A) The tendency for IQ scores to increase from one generation to the next 
B) ​The decrease of intellectual skills in old age or as a result of disease 
C) ​Practiced skills and knowledge about a particular field 
D) ​Reasoning and solving new problems 
A) The tendency for IQ scores to increase from one generation to the next 
B) ​The decrease of intellectual skills in old age or as a result of disease 
C) ​Practiced skills and knowledge about a particular field 
D) ​Reasoning and solving new problems

Question 8

On the Stanford-Binet test,what is the mean score?

Accepted Answer

A) Ten times the child's age 
B) 50 
C) 100 
D) 500 
A) Ten times the child's age 
B) 50 
C) 100 
D) 500

Question 9

An experienced worker with highly practiced skills is demonstrating which of these?

Accepted Answer

A) Multiple intelligence 
B) ​Crystallized intelligence 
C) ​Fluid intelligence 
D) ​The g factor 
A) Multiple intelligence 
B) ​Crystallized intelligence 
C) ​Fluid intelligence 
D) ​The g factor

Question 10

Why do some people take twice as long as others to finish an adaptive test?

Accepted Answer

A) People are allowed to ask for hints as often as they want. 
B) The questions continue until the person starts missing most items. 
C) People can answer in writing, by talking, or by drawing pictures. 
D) People are permitted to take a break from the test after every few questions. 
A) People are allowed to ask for hints as often as they want. 
B) The questions continue until the person starts missing most items. 
C) People can answer in writing, by talking, or by drawing pictures. 
D) People are permitted to take a break from the test after every few questions.

Question 11

In addition to genetics,what might help explain the correlation between adopted children's IQ scores and those of their biological mothers?

Accepted Answer

A) Prenatal environment 
B) The Flynn effect 
C) Influence of the adoptive family 
D) Birth order effects 
A) Prenatal environment 
B) The Flynn effect 
C) Influence of the adoptive family 
D) Birth order effects

Question 12

Why do most deaf and foreign-born people get higher scores on the Raven's Progressive Matrices than on most other IQ tests?

Accepted Answer

A) Raven's Matrices directly measure brain activity. 
B) ​Raven's Matrices give partial credit for answers that are almost correct. 
C) ​Raven's Matrices have a distribution with a larger standard deviation. 
D) ​Raven's Matrices do not require the use of language. 
A) Raven's Matrices directly measure brain activity. 
B) ​Raven's Matrices give partial credit for answers that are almost correct. 
C) ​Raven's Matrices have a distribution with a larger standard deviation. 
D) ​Raven's Matrices do not require the use of language.

Question 13

If most people who had high scores the first time they took a test also have high scores on a retest,what if anything can we conclude about the test?

Accepted Answer

A) The test is unbiased. 
B) The test has high reliability. 
C) The test has high validity. 
D) We can draw none of these conclusions. 
A) The test is unbiased. 
B) The test has high reliability. 
C) The test has high validity. 
D) We can draw none of these conclusions.

Question 14

How does "adaptive testing" differ from other testing?

Accepted Answer

A) The psychologist administering the test is permitted to give hints. 
B) The test omits items that are too easy or too difficult for the individual. 
C) The test includes some experimental items that do not count in the final score. 
D) The test uses either visual or verbal questions, depending on someone's learning style. 
A) The psychologist administering the test is permitted to give hints. 
B) The test omits items that are too easy or too difficult for the individual. 
C) The test includes some experimental items that do not count in the final score. 
D) The test uses either visual or verbal questions, depending on someone's learning style.

Question 15

How strongly do monozygotic twins resemble each other in IQ scores?​

Accepted Answer

A) They resemble each other no more closely than two adopted children reared together. 
B) ​They resemble each other about as much as dizygotic twins do. 
C) ​They resemble each other closely only if they were reared together. 
D) ​They resemble each other closely even if they were reared separately. 
A) They resemble each other no more closely than two adopted children reared together. 
B) ​They resemble each other about as much as dizygotic twins do. 
C) ​They resemble each other closely only if they were reared together. 
D) ​They resemble each other closely even if they were reared separately.

Question 16

Suppose more than half of all women answer a particular question incorrectly.Is that test item "biased" against women?

Accepted Answer

A) Yes, an item that most women answer incorrectly is defined as being biased. 
B) No, it is normal for a test to include a certain number of difficult questions. 
C) Maybe. It depends on whether most men also answered the question incorrectly. 
D) Maybe. It depends on whether women had the option of leaving the answer blank. 
A) Yes, an item that most women answer incorrectly is defined as being biased. 
B) No, it is normal for a test to include a certain number of difficult questions. 
C) Maybe. It depends on whether most men also answered the question incorrectly. 
D) Maybe. It depends on whether women had the option of leaving the answer blank.

Question 17

Many 2-year-old infants enter a special program because of their very low IQ scores.Five years later,most of them have improved.Perhaps the program helped.What is another explanation?

Accepted Answer

A) On average, 7-year-olds have higher IQs than 2-year-olds. 
B) Their scores increased because of the Flynn effect. 
C) The IQ test for 7-year-olds is easier than the one for 2-year-olds. 
D) Scores fluctuate on tests with low reliability. 
A) On average, 7-year-olds have higher IQs than 2-year-olds. 
B) Their scores increased because of the Flynn effect. 
C) The IQ test for 7-year-olds is easier than the one for 2-year-olds. 
D) Scores fluctuate on tests with low reliability.

Question 18

What would happen if psychologists did not periodically revise IQ tests?

Accepted Answer

A) Females would start scoring higher than males. 
B) Males would start scoring higher than females. 
C) The mean score on the tests would gradually increase. 
D) The mean score on the tests would gradually decrease. 
A) Females would start scoring higher than males. 
B) Males would start scoring higher than females. 
C) The mean score on the tests would gradually increase. 
D) The mean score on the tests would gradually decrease.

Question 19

Imagine a test that determines your IQ score by this formula: Length of head divided by width of head multiplied by 100.What,if anything,can we predict about this test?

Accepted Answer

A) It will have high reliability and high validity. 
B) It will have high reliability and low validity. 
C) It will have low reliability and low validity. 
D) We can make none of these predictions. 
A) It will have high reliability and high validity. 
B) It will have high reliability and low validity. 
C) It will have low reliability and low validity. 
D) We can make none of these predictions.

Question 20

Of the following,which is the strongest evidence that heredity is an important contributor to differences in intelligence?

Accepted Answer

A) Adopted children's IQ scores correlate positively with those of the adopting parents. 
B) On average, IQ scores have been increasing from one generation to the next. 
C) Monozygotic twins reared in separate families have similar IQ scores. 
D) IQ scores tend to be consistent from childhood through adulthood. 
A) Adopted children's IQ scores correlate positively with those of the adopting parents. 
B) On average, IQ scores have been increasing from one generation to the next. 
C) Monozygotic twins reared in separate families have similar IQ scores. 
D) IQ scores tend to be consistent from childhood through adulthood.

Exam 9: Intelligenceintelligence

In the original study demonstrating "stereotype threat," which of the following significantly influenced how well Black college students performed?

On a test of academic ability,most students get consistent scores from test to retest,but their scores do not predict their school performance.What can we say about the reliability and validity of the test?

What is the highest possible reliability of a test?

What is the difference between the WISC and the WAIS?

A psychologist gets people's scores on many tests of intellectual performance and determines the correlations among them.It appears she is probably testing which of these theories?​

What does it mean if a test has low validity?

Crystallized intelligence refers to what?​

On the Stanford-Binet test,what is the mean score?

An experienced worker with highly practiced skills is demonstrating which of these?

Why do some people take twice as long as others to finish an adaptive test?

In addition to genetics,what might help explain the correlation between adopted children's IQ scores and those of their biological mothers?

Why do most deaf and foreign-born people get higher scores on the Raven's Progressive Matrices than on most other IQ tests?

If most people who had high scores the first time they took a test also have high scores on a retest,what if anything can we conclude about the test?

How does "adaptive testing" differ from other testing?

How strongly do monozygotic twins resemble each other in IQ scores?​

Suppose more than half of all women answer a particular question incorrectly.Is that test item "biased" against women?

Many 2-year-old infants enter a special program because of their very low IQ scores.Five years later,most of them have improved.Perhaps the program helped.What is another explanation?

What would happen if psychologists did not periodically revise IQ tests?

Imagine a test that determines your IQ score by this formula: Length of head divided by width of head multiplied by 100.What,if anything,can we predict about this test?

Of the following,which is the strongest evidence that heredity is an important contributor to differences in intelligence?

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A psychologist gets people's scores on many tests of intellectual performance and determines the correlations among them.It appears she is probably testing which of these theories?

Crystallized intelligence refers to what?

How strongly do monozygotic twins resemble each other in IQ scores?