Question 1

The first cells were probably

Accepted Answer

A)  Eukaryotic. 
B)  Archaea. 
C)  Aerobic. 
D)  Prokaryotic. 
A)  Eukaryotic. 
B)  Archaea. 
C)  Aerobic. 
D)  Prokaryotic.

Question 2

Earth has supported life for approximately

Accepted Answer

A)  20 billion years. 
B)  3.8 - 3.7 billion years. 
C)  1.5 billion years. 
D)  700 - 800 million years. 
A)  20 billion years. 
B)  3.8 - 3.7 billion years. 
C)  1.5 billion years. 
D)  700 - 800 million years.

Question 3

Which of the following plays an important role in screening out harmful ultraviolet rays?

Accepted Answer

A)  atmospheric oxygen 
B)  water 
C)  methane 
D)  ozone 
A)  atmospheric oxygen 
B)  water 
C)  methane 
D)  ozone

Question 4

It is speculated that one of the first kinds of organic molecules formed on primitive Earth was

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acid. 
B)  ammonia. 
C)  oxygen. 
D)  protein. 
A)  amino acid. 
B)  ammonia. 
C)  oxygen. 
D)  protein.

Question 5

A sphere formed by organic molecules surrounded by water molecules is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  coacervate. 
B)  microsphere. 
C)  proteinoid. 
D)  protocell. 
A)  coacervate. 
B)  microsphere. 
C)  proteinoid. 
D)  protocell.

Question 6

The first primitive cells probably came into being

Accepted Answer

A)  in the ocean. 
B)  in the early oxidizing atmosphere. 
C)  on land. 
D)  in volcanoes. 
A)  in the ocean. 
B)  in the early oxidizing atmosphere. 
C)  on land. 
D)  in volcanoes.

Question 7

Stanley Miller's experiment was concerned with the idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  life originated in outer space. 
B)  life originated by biogenesis. 
C)  life originated by spontaneous generation, but biogenesis followed. 
D)  organic molecules could be formed from gases in the early atmosphere. 
A)  life originated in outer space. 
B)  life originated by biogenesis. 
C)  life originated by spontaneous generation, but biogenesis followed. 
D)  organic molecules could be formed from gases in the early atmosphere.

Question 8

To form organic molecules from inorganic molecules it would have been necessary to have

Accepted Answer

A)  protocells. 
B)  a source of energy. 
C)  an atmosphere with ozone. 
D)  All of these answers are correct. 
A)  protocells. 
B)  a source of energy. 
C)  an atmosphere with ozone. 
D)  All of these answers are correct.

Question 9

According to the currently popular scientific theory for the origin of life, which of the following processes originated after the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthesis 
B)  aerobic respiration 
C)  anaerobic respiration 
D)  protein synthesis 
A)  photosynthesis 
B)  aerobic respiration 
C)  anaerobic respiration 
D)  protein synthesis

Question 10

The protoplanet nebula model states that the simplest and most abundant gases would have been

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen and helium. 
B)  oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
C)  nitrogen and hydrogen. 
D)  hydrogen and oxygen. 
A)  hydrogen and helium. 
B)  oxygen and carbon dioxide. 
C)  nitrogen and hydrogen. 
D)  hydrogen and oxygen.

Question 11

Different scientists have speculated about how the first living thing appeared on Earth. All of the following are supported by evidence EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  origin on Earth of a photosynthetic autotroph. 
B)  origin on Earth of a chemosynthetic autotroph. 
C)  origin on Earth of an anaerobic heterotroph. 
D)  an organism arrived from an extraterrestrial source. 
A)  origin on Earth of a photosynthetic autotroph. 
B)  origin on Earth of a chemosynthetic autotroph. 
C)  origin on Earth of an anaerobic heterotroph. 
D)  an organism arrived from an extraterrestrial source.

Question 12

Which of the following is the most likely series of events?

Accepted Answer

A)  Earth formed-oxygen in atmosphere-living organisms-ozone 
B)  Ozone-living organisms-plants-organic molecules 
C)  Organic molecules-ozone-living organisms-oxygen in atmosphere 
D)  Organic molecules-living organisms-oxygen in atmosphere-ozone 
A)  Earth formed-oxygen in atmosphere-living organisms-ozone 
B)  Ozone-living organisms-plants-organic molecules 
C)  Organic molecules-ozone-living organisms-oxygen in atmosphere 
D)  Organic molecules-living organisms-oxygen in atmosphere-ozone

Question 13

The formation of the first macromolecules from the first simple organic molecules required

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrolysis. 
B)  concentration of the simple molecules. 
C)  an oxidizing atmosphere. 
D)  spontaneous generation. 
A)  hydrolysis. 
B)  concentration of the simple molecules. 
C)  an oxidizing atmosphere. 
D)  spontaneous generation.

Question 14

Biogenesis states that life begins with

Accepted Answer

A)  oceans. 
B)  nonliving material. 
C)  other living material. 
D)  spontaneous generation. 
A)  oceans. 
B)  nonliving material. 
C)  other living material. 
D)  spontaneous generation.

Question 15

No other planet in our solar system has oxygen in its atmosphere. The source of oxygen in our atmosphere is

Accepted Answer

A)  heterotrophic metabolism. 
B)  volcanic eruptions. 
C)  photosynthesis. 
D)  lightning discharge. 
A)  heterotrophic metabolism. 
B)  volcanic eruptions. 
C)  photosynthesis. 
D)  lightning discharge.

Question 16

The explanation of how eukaryotic cells came about is

Accepted Answer

A)  the theory of spontaneous generation. 
B)  the endosymbiotic theory. 
C)  Oparin and Haldane's hypothesis. 
D)  the theory of biogenesis. 
A)  the theory of spontaneous generation. 
B)  the endosymbiotic theory. 
C)  Oparin and Haldane's hypothesis. 
D)  the theory of biogenesis.

Question 17

Oparin and Haldane's hypothesis states that the

Accepted Answer

A)  Earth's early atmosphere contained 02. 
B)  first organic macromolecules originated in Earth's early atmosphere. 
C)  first cells were autotrophs. 
D)  first cells originated in the oceans. 
A)  Earth's early atmosphere contained 02. 
B)  first organic macromolecules originated in Earth's early atmosphere. 
C)  first cells were autotrophs. 
D)  first cells originated in the oceans.

Question 18

The scientific theories for the origin of life suggest that life arose

Accepted Answer

A)  by endosymbiosis. 
B)  as a result of God's creation. 
C)  by deliberate design. 
D)  from natural processes and that these processes can be observed and evaluated by scientific experimentation. 
A)  by endosymbiosis. 
B)  as a result of God's creation. 
C)  by deliberate design. 
D)  from natural processes and that these processes can be observed and evaluated by scientific experimentation.

Question 19

The first multicellular organisms (algae) appeared about __________ billion years ago.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  1.8 
C)  3.5 
D)  13 
A)  1 
B)  1.8 
C)  3.5 
D)  13

Question 20

Chloroplasts

Accepted Answer

A)  contain bacterial type DNA. 
B)  contain bacterial type ribosomes. 
C)  reproduce independently of the cell. 
D)  All of these answers are correct. 
A)  contain bacterial type DNA. 
B)  contain bacterial type ribosomes. 
C)  reproduce independently of the cell. 
D)  All of these answers are correct.

Exam 19: The Origin of Life and the Evolution of Cells

The first cells were probably

Earth has supported life for approximately

Which of the following plays an important role in screening out harmful ultraviolet rays?

It is speculated that one of the first kinds of organic molecules formed on primitive Earth was

A sphere formed by organic molecules surrounded by water molecules is called a

The first primitive cells probably came into being

Stanley Miller's experiment was concerned with the idea that

To form organic molecules from inorganic molecules it would have been necessary to have

According to the currently popular scientific theory for the origin of life, which of the following processes originated after the others?

The protoplanet nebula model states that the simplest and most abundant gases would have been

Different scientists have speculated about how the first living thing appeared on Earth. All of the following are supported by evidence EXCEPT

Which of the following is the most likely series of events?

The formation of the first macromolecules from the first simple organic molecules required

Biogenesis states that life begins with

No other planet in our solar system has oxygen in its atmosphere. The source of oxygen in our atmosphere is

The explanation of how eukaryotic cells came about is

Oparin and Haldane's hypothesis states that the

The scientific theories for the origin of life suggest that life arose

The first multicellular organisms (algae) appeared about __________ billion years ago.

Chloroplasts

What Is Biology

The Basics of Life: Chemistry

Organic Molecules: The Molecules of Life

Cell Structure and Function

Enzymes, Coenzymes, and Energy

Biochemical Pathways: Cellular Respiration

Biochemical Pathways: Photosynthesis

DNA and RNA: The Molecular Basis of Heredity

Cell Division: Proliferation and Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Applications of Biotechnology

Diversity Within Species and Population Genetics

Evolution and Natural Selection

The Formation of Species and Evolutionary Change

Ecosystem Dynamics: The Flow of Energy and Matter

Community Interactions

Population Ecology

Evolutionary and Ecological Aspects of Behavior

The Classification and Evolution of Organisms

The Nature of Microorganisms

The Plant Kingdom

The Animal Kingdom

Materials Exchange in the Body

Nutrition: Food and Diet

The Bodys Control Mechanisms and Immunity

Human Reproduction, Sex, and Sexuality

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