Exam 7: Demand Estimation and Forecasting

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assume that the income is $10,000, the price of the related good is $40, and Conlan chooses to set the price of this product at $30. -At the prices and income given above, what is the income elasticity?

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A linear trend equation for sales of the form A linear trend equation for sales of the form   was estimated using annual sales data for the period 2000 - 2007 (i.e., t = 2000, 2001, ..., 2007). The results of the regression are as follows:     -The statistical estimates indicate a(n) ___________ (upward, downward) trend in sales of _________ units per year. was estimated using annual sales data for the period 2000 - 2007 (i.e., t = 2000, 2001, ..., 2007). The results of the regression are as follows: A linear trend equation for sales of the form   was estimated using annual sales data for the period 2000 - 2007 (i.e., t = 2000, 2001, ..., 2007). The results of the regression are as follows:     -The statistical estimates indicate a(n) ___________ (upward, downward) trend in sales of _________ units per year. -The statistical estimates indicate a(n) ___________ (upward, downward) trend in sales of _________ units per year.

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upward; 12,045

The empirical demand function is estimated in log-linear form as The empirical demand function is estimated in log-linear form as   where   is the estimated number of units of good X demanded, P is the price of X, M is income, and   is the price of related good Y. (All parameters estimates are significantly different from zero at the 5 percent level.) -Express the empirical demand function in the alternative (non-logarithmic) form:     =_________________________. where The empirical demand function is estimated in log-linear form as   where   is the estimated number of units of good X demanded, P is the price of X, M is income, and   is the price of related good Y. (All parameters estimates are significantly different from zero at the 5 percent level.) -Express the empirical demand function in the alternative (non-logarithmic) form:     =_________________________. is the estimated number of units of good X demanded, P is the price of X, M is income, and The empirical demand function is estimated in log-linear form as   where   is the estimated number of units of good X demanded, P is the price of X, M is income, and   is the price of related good Y. (All parameters estimates are significantly different from zero at the 5 percent level.) -Express the empirical demand function in the alternative (non-logarithmic) form:     =_________________________. is the price of related good Y. (All parameters estimates are significantly different from zero at the 5 percent level.) -Express the empirical demand function in the alternative (non-logarithmic) form: The empirical demand function is estimated in log-linear form as   where   is the estimated number of units of good X demanded, P is the price of X, M is income, and   is the price of related good Y. (All parameters estimates are significantly different from zero at the 5 percent level.) -Express the empirical demand function in the alternative (non-logarithmic) form:     =_________________________. =_________________________.

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‪

The following log-linear demand curve for a price-setting firm is estimated using the ordinary least-squares method: The following log-linear demand curve for a price-setting firm is estimated using the ordinary least-squares method:    The estimation results are presented below: ‪   -Good X is a(n) ______________ good and goods X and R are _________________. The estimation results are presented below: ‪ The following log-linear demand curve for a price-setting firm is estimated using the ordinary least-squares method:    The estimation results are presented below: ‪   -Good X is a(n) ______________ good and goods X and R are _________________. -Good X is a(n) ______________ good and goods X and R are _________________.

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The following log-linear demand curve for a price-setting firm is estimated using the ordinary least-squares method: The following log-linear demand curve for a price-setting firm is estimated using the ordinary least-squares method:    The estimation results are presented below: ‪   -Find estimates for the following elasticities: (1) Price elasticity: __________. (2) Cross-price elasticity: __________. (3) Income elasticity: __________. The estimation results are presented below: ‪ The following log-linear demand curve for a price-setting firm is estimated using the ordinary least-squares method:    The estimation results are presented below: ‪   -Find estimates for the following elasticities: (1) Price elasticity: __________. (2) Cross-price elasticity: __________. (3) Income elasticity: __________. -Find estimates for the following elasticities: (1) Price elasticity: __________. (2) Cross-price elasticity: __________. (3) Income elasticity: __________.

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A linear trend equation for sales of the form A linear trend equation for sales of the form   was estimated using annual sales data for the period 2000 - 2007 (i.e., t = 2000, 2001, ..., 2007). The results of the regression are as follows:     -At the 10 percent level of significance, the critical value of the t-statistic is _______. The parameter estimate of a ________ (is, is not) statistically significant. The parameter estimate of b ________ (is, is not) statistically significant. was estimated using annual sales data for the period 2000 - 2007 (i.e., t = 2000, 2001, ..., 2007). The results of the regression are as follows: A linear trend equation for sales of the form   was estimated using annual sales data for the period 2000 - 2007 (i.e., t = 2000, 2001, ..., 2007). The results of the regression are as follows:     -At the 10 percent level of significance, the critical value of the t-statistic is _______. The parameter estimate of a ________ (is, is not) statistically significant. The parameter estimate of b ________ (is, is not) statistically significant. -At the 10 percent level of significance, the critical value of the t-statistic is _______. The parameter estimate of a ________ (is, is not) statistically significant. The parameter estimate of b ________ (is, is not) statistically significant.

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Border Snacks Inc. produces and sells picante sauce, nacho chips, and queso dip. The company's marketing department estimated a linear demand function for Border's picante sauce: Border Snacks Inc. produces and sells picante sauce, nacho chips, and queso dip. The company's marketing department estimated a linear demand function for Border's picante sauce:   where   is the number of jars of picante sauce sold per month,   is the price of picante sauce,   is the price of a bag of nacho chips,   is the price of a jar of queso dip, and M is consumer income. In the market served by Border Snacks, income is currently $16,000. The following regression results were obtained using 22 monthly observations: ‪   -The estimates indicate that picante sauce and nacho chips are _______. The estimates indicate that picante sauce and queso dip are _________. The estimates indicate that picante sauce is a(n) _________ good. where Border Snacks Inc. produces and sells picante sauce, nacho chips, and queso dip. The company's marketing department estimated a linear demand function for Border's picante sauce:   where   is the number of jars of picante sauce sold per month,   is the price of picante sauce,   is the price of a bag of nacho chips,   is the price of a jar of queso dip, and M is consumer income. In the market served by Border Snacks, income is currently $16,000. The following regression results were obtained using 22 monthly observations: ‪   -The estimates indicate that picante sauce and nacho chips are _______. The estimates indicate that picante sauce and queso dip are _________. The estimates indicate that picante sauce is a(n) _________ good. is the number of jars of picante sauce sold per month, Border Snacks Inc. produces and sells picante sauce, nacho chips, and queso dip. The company's marketing department estimated a linear demand function for Border's picante sauce:   where   is the number of jars of picante sauce sold per month,   is the price of picante sauce,   is the price of a bag of nacho chips,   is the price of a jar of queso dip, and M is consumer income. In the market served by Border Snacks, income is currently $16,000. The following regression results were obtained using 22 monthly observations: ‪   -The estimates indicate that picante sauce and nacho chips are _______. The estimates indicate that picante sauce and queso dip are _________. The estimates indicate that picante sauce is a(n) _________ good. is the price of picante sauce, Border Snacks Inc. produces and sells picante sauce, nacho chips, and queso dip. The company's marketing department estimated a linear demand function for Border's picante sauce:   where   is the number of jars of picante sauce sold per month,   is the price of picante sauce,   is the price of a bag of nacho chips,   is the price of a jar of queso dip, and M is consumer income. In the market served by Border Snacks, income is currently $16,000. The following regression results were obtained using 22 monthly observations: ‪   -The estimates indicate that picante sauce and nacho chips are _______. The estimates indicate that picante sauce and queso dip are _________. The estimates indicate that picante sauce is a(n) _________ good. is the price of a bag of nacho chips, Border Snacks Inc. produces and sells picante sauce, nacho chips, and queso dip. The company's marketing department estimated a linear demand function for Border's picante sauce:   where   is the number of jars of picante sauce sold per month,   is the price of picante sauce,   is the price of a bag of nacho chips,   is the price of a jar of queso dip, and M is consumer income. In the market served by Border Snacks, income is currently $16,000. The following regression results were obtained using 22 monthly observations: ‪   -The estimates indicate that picante sauce and nacho chips are _______. The estimates indicate that picante sauce and queso dip are _________. The estimates indicate that picante sauce is a(n) _________ good. is the price of a jar of queso dip, and M is consumer income. In the market served by Border Snacks, income is currently $16,000. The following regression results were obtained using 22 monthly observations: ‪ Border Snacks Inc. produces and sells picante sauce, nacho chips, and queso dip. The company's marketing department estimated a linear demand function for Border's picante sauce:   where   is the number of jars of picante sauce sold per month,   is the price of picante sauce,   is the price of a bag of nacho chips,   is the price of a jar of queso dip, and M is consumer income. In the market served by Border Snacks, income is currently $16,000. The following regression results were obtained using 22 monthly observations: ‪   -The estimates indicate that picante sauce and nacho chips are _______. The estimates indicate that picante sauce and queso dip are _________. The estimates indicate that picante sauce is a(n) _________ good. -The estimates indicate that picante sauce and nacho chips are _______. The estimates indicate that picante sauce and queso dip are _________. The estimates indicate that picante sauce is a(n) _________ good.

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refer to the following: The manufacturer of Beanie Baby dolls used quarterly price data for 2002I - 2010IV (t = 1, ..., 36) and the regression equation refer to the following: The manufacturer of Beanie Baby dolls used quarterly price data for 2002I - 2010IV (t = 1, ..., 36) and the regression equation       to forecast doll prices in the year 2011. P<sub>t</sub> is the quarterly price of dolls, and D1<sub>t</sub> , D2<sub>t</sub> and D3<sub>t</sub> are dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III, respectively.    -The estimated QUARTERLY increase in price is ______, and the estimated ANNUAL increase in price is ______ . to forecast doll prices in the year 2011. Pt is the quarterly price of dolls, and D1t , D2t and D3t are dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III, respectively. refer to the following: The manufacturer of Beanie Baby dolls used quarterly price data for 2002I - 2010IV (t = 1, ..., 36) and the regression equation       to forecast doll prices in the year 2011. P<sub>t</sub> is the quarterly price of dolls, and D1<sub>t</sub> , D2<sub>t</sub> and D3<sub>t</sub> are dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III, respectively.    -The estimated QUARTERLY increase in price is ______, and the estimated ANNUAL increase in price is ______ . -The estimated QUARTERLY increase in price is ______, and the estimated ANNUAL increase in price is ______ .

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refer to the following: The estimated demand for a good is refer to the following: The estimated demand for a good is     where Q is the quantity demanded of the good, P is the price of the good, M is income, and   is the price of related good R. -The good is where Q is the quantity demanded of the good, P is the price of the good, M is income, and refer to the following: The estimated demand for a good is     where Q is the quantity demanded of the good, P is the price of the good, M is income, and   is the price of related good R. -The good is is the price of related good R. -The good is

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The empirical demand function is estimated in log-linear form as The empirical demand function is estimated in log-linear form as   where   is the estimated number of units of good X demanded, P is the price of X, M is income, and   is the price of related good Y. (All parameters estimates are significantly different from zero at the 5 percent level.) -Good X is a(n) ______________ good and goods X and Y are ____________________. where The empirical demand function is estimated in log-linear form as   where   is the estimated number of units of good X demanded, P is the price of X, M is income, and   is the price of related good Y. (All parameters estimates are significantly different from zero at the 5 percent level.) -Good X is a(n) ______________ good and goods X and Y are ____________________. is the estimated number of units of good X demanded, P is the price of X, M is income, and The empirical demand function is estimated in log-linear form as   where   is the estimated number of units of good X demanded, P is the price of X, M is income, and   is the price of related good Y. (All parameters estimates are significantly different from zero at the 5 percent level.) -Good X is a(n) ______________ good and goods X and Y are ____________________. is the price of related good Y. (All parameters estimates are significantly different from zero at the 5 percent level.) -Good X is a(n) ______________ good and goods X and Y are ____________________.

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refer to the following: The estimated demand for a good is refer to the following: The estimated demand for a good is     where Q is the quantity demanded of the good, P is the price of the good, M is income, and   is the price of related good R. -This good and the related good R are where Q is the quantity demanded of the good, P is the price of the good, M is income, and refer to the following: The estimated demand for a good is     where Q is the quantity demanded of the good, P is the price of the good, M is income, and   is the price of related good R. -This good and the related good R are is the price of related good R. -This good and the related good R are

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refer to the following: Build-Right Concrete Products produces specialty cement used in construction of highways. Build-Right is a price-setting firm and estimates the demand for its cement by the State Highway Department using a demand function in the nonlinear form: refer to the following: Build-Right Concrete Products produces specialty cement used in construction of highways. Build-Right is a price-setting firm and estimates the demand for its cement by the State Highway Department using a demand function in the nonlinear form:     where Q = yards of cement demanded monthly, P = the price of Build-Right's cement per yard, M = state tax revenues per capita, and   = the price of asphalt per yard. The manager at Build-Right transforms the nonlinear relation into a linear relation for estimation. The estimation results are presented below: ‪   -The estimated demand for cement is where Q = yards of cement demanded monthly, P = the price of Build-Right's cement per yard, M = state tax revenues per capita, and refer to the following: Build-Right Concrete Products produces specialty cement used in construction of highways. Build-Right is a price-setting firm and estimates the demand for its cement by the State Highway Department using a demand function in the nonlinear form:     where Q = yards of cement demanded monthly, P = the price of Build-Right's cement per yard, M = state tax revenues per capita, and   = the price of asphalt per yard. The manager at Build-Right transforms the nonlinear relation into a linear relation for estimation. The estimation results are presented below: ‪   -The estimated demand for cement is = the price of asphalt per yard. The manager at Build-Right transforms the nonlinear relation into a linear relation for estimation. The estimation results are presented below: ‪ refer to the following: Build-Right Concrete Products produces specialty cement used in construction of highways. Build-Right is a price-setting firm and estimates the demand for its cement by the State Highway Department using a demand function in the nonlinear form:     where Q = yards of cement demanded monthly, P = the price of Build-Right's cement per yard, M = state tax revenues per capita, and   = the price of asphalt per yard. The manager at Build-Right transforms the nonlinear relation into a linear relation for estimation. The estimation results are presented below: ‪   -The estimated demand for cement is -The estimated demand for cement is

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You decide to estimate the following quarterly sales forecasting model for new boat sales in your local county: You decide to estimate the following quarterly sales forecasting model for new boat sales in your local county:    The equation is estimated using quarterly data on new boat sales in the county from 2001III -2007IV ( t = 1,..., 26). The variable D is a dummy variable for the second quarter, which is the season for selling new boats: D = 1 in the second quarter, and 0 otherwise. The results of the estimation are:    -The forecasted sales for the 3<sup>rd</sup> quarter of 2008 are ___________ units. The equation is estimated using quarterly data on new boat sales in the county from 2001III -2007IV ( t = 1,..., 26). The variable D is a dummy variable for the second quarter, which is the "season" for selling new boats: D = 1 in the second quarter, and 0 otherwise. The results of the estimation are: You decide to estimate the following quarterly sales forecasting model for new boat sales in your local county:    The equation is estimated using quarterly data on new boat sales in the county from 2001III -2007IV ( t = 1,..., 26). The variable D is a dummy variable for the second quarter, which is the season for selling new boats: D = 1 in the second quarter, and 0 otherwise. The results of the estimation are:    -The forecasted sales for the 3<sup>rd</sup> quarter of 2008 are ___________ units. -The forecasted sales for the 3rd quarter of 2008 are ___________ units.

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refer to the following: The estimated demand for a good is refer to the following: The estimated demand for a good is     where Q is the quantity demanded of the good, P is the price of the good, M is income, and   is the price of related good R. -This good and good R are where Q is the quantity demanded of the good, P is the price of the good, M is income, and refer to the following: The estimated demand for a good is     where Q is the quantity demanded of the good, P is the price of the good, M is income, and   is the price of related good R. -This good and good R are is the price of related good R. -This good and good R are

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assume that the income is $10,000, the price of the related good is $40, and Conlan chooses to set the price of this product at $30. -At the prices and income given above, what is the price elasticity of demand?

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You decide to estimate the following quarterly sales forecasting model for new boat sales in your local county: You decide to estimate the following quarterly sales forecasting model for new boat sales in your local county:    The equation is estimated using quarterly data on new boat sales in the county from 2001III -2007IV ( t = 1,..., 26). The variable D is a dummy variable for the second quarter, which is the season for selling new boats: D = 1 in the second quarter, and 0 otherwise. The results of the estimation are:    -The forecasted sales for the 1<sup>st</sup> quarter of 2008 are ___________ units. The equation is estimated using quarterly data on new boat sales in the county from 2001III -2007IV ( t = 1,..., 26). The variable D is a dummy variable for the second quarter, which is the "season" for selling new boats: D = 1 in the second quarter, and 0 otherwise. The results of the estimation are: You decide to estimate the following quarterly sales forecasting model for new boat sales in your local county:    The equation is estimated using quarterly data on new boat sales in the county from 2001III -2007IV ( t = 1,..., 26). The variable D is a dummy variable for the second quarter, which is the season for selling new boats: D = 1 in the second quarter, and 0 otherwise. The results of the estimation are:    -The forecasted sales for the 1<sup>st</sup> quarter of 2008 are ___________ units. -The forecasted sales for the 1st quarter of 2008 are ___________ units.

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refer to the following: A consulting firm estimates the following quarterly sales forecasting model: ‪ refer to the following: A consulting firm estimates the following quarterly sales forecasting model:  ‪    The equation is estimated using quarterly data from 2000I-2010III (t = 1,..., 43). The variable D is a dummy variable for the second quarter where: D = 1 in the second quarter, and 0 otherwise. The results of the estimation are:  ‪   -What is the estimated intercept of the trend line in the second quarter? The equation is estimated using quarterly data from 2000I-2010III (t = 1,..., 43). The variable D is a dummy variable for the second quarter where: D = 1 in the second quarter, and 0 otherwise. The results of the estimation are: ‪ refer to the following: A consulting firm estimates the following quarterly sales forecasting model:  ‪    The equation is estimated using quarterly data from 2000I-2010III (t = 1,..., 43). The variable D is a dummy variable for the second quarter where: D = 1 in the second quarter, and 0 otherwise. The results of the estimation are:  ‪   -What is the estimated intercept of the trend line in the second quarter? -What is the estimated intercept of the trend line in the second quarter?

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A forecaster used the following regression equation A forecaster used the following regression equation   and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and   ,and   are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III.    -The estimated intercepts for each of the four quarters are: Intercept for quarter 1 is __________. Intercept for quarter 2 is __________. Intercept for quarter 3 is __________. Intercept for quarter 4 is __________. and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and A forecaster used the following regression equation   and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and   ,and   are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III.    -The estimated intercepts for each of the four quarters are: Intercept for quarter 1 is __________. Intercept for quarter 2 is __________. Intercept for quarter 3 is __________. Intercept for quarter 4 is __________. ,and A forecaster used the following regression equation   and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and   ,and   are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III.    -The estimated intercepts for each of the four quarters are: Intercept for quarter 1 is __________. Intercept for quarter 2 is __________. Intercept for quarter 3 is __________. Intercept for quarter 4 is __________. are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III. A forecaster used the following regression equation   and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and   ,and   are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III.    -The estimated intercepts for each of the four quarters are: Intercept for quarter 1 is __________. Intercept for quarter 2 is __________. Intercept for quarter 3 is __________. Intercept for quarter 4 is __________. -The estimated intercepts for each of the four quarters are: Intercept for quarter 1 is __________. Intercept for quarter 2 is __________. Intercept for quarter 3 is __________. Intercept for quarter 4 is __________.

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If demand is estimated using the empirical specification If demand is estimated using the empirical specification   , then an equivalent expression for demand is , then an equivalent expression for demand is

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A forecaster used the following regression equation A forecaster used the following regression equation   and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and   ,and   are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III.    -The statistical estimates indicate a(n) ___________ (upward, downward) trend in sales of _________ units per quarter year. and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and A forecaster used the following regression equation   and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and   ,and   are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III.    -The statistical estimates indicate a(n) ___________ (upward, downward) trend in sales of _________ units per quarter year. ,and A forecaster used the following regression equation   and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and   ,and   are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III.    -The statistical estimates indicate a(n) ___________ (upward, downward) trend in sales of _________ units per quarter year. are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III. A forecaster used the following regression equation   and quarterly sales data during 1999II - 2007IV (t = 1, ..., 35) for an appliance manufacturer to obtain the estimation results shown below. Q is quarterly sales, and   ,and   are seasonal dummy variables for quarters I, II, and III.    -The statistical estimates indicate a(n) ___________ (upward, downward) trend in sales of _________ units per quarter year. -The statistical estimates indicate a(n) ___________ (upward, downward) trend in sales of _________ units per quarter year.

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