Exam 1: Exploring Child Development

Using the ______ approach, neuroscientists are now able to identify and track changes in connections among neurons.

Social learning theory would say that if a child saw someone receive reinforcement for a behavior, then that child would be ________ to imitate that behavior in the future.

Which of the following answers shows the correct order of the emergence of theories regarding child development?

According to Piaget, children represent what they understand about the world in cognitive structures he called _______________.

Shortly after birth, Terrell could not even hold his head up, but just a few months later, he can hold his head up and roll over from his back to his stomach. These advances in Terrell's muscle strength and coordination are examples of _______________.

Freud conceptualized the id as lying completely below the level of conscious awareness.

How is shaping used to establish a complex behavior?

A conceptual framework that describes how facts are organized and allow us to predict behavior is called a ________.

The scientific method helps to guide the process of _______________.

Another name for cross-lag or sequential designs would be _______________.

A fixation is _______________.

Theories do all of the following EXCEPT

Erica's parents are concerned about her frequent tantrums. After consulting a parenting handbook, they decide to apply Skinner's theory of positive reinforcement by praising and rewarding her for good behavior. In particular, the theory allows them to predict that Erika _______________.

A disadvantage of conducting experiments in child development research is that _______________.

The strength of a correlation between two variables is referred to as _______________.

Social learning is a process by which children learn by observing the behaviors of other people.

Matthew was angry and punched Jacob because he wanted the toy truck that Jacob had. This is an example of ________ development.

_____________________ focuses on the complex set of systems and interacting social layers that can affect children's development.

________ is the process by which children learn by observing and imitating the behaviors of other people.

The acronym IRB stands for ________ and is a group of trained professionals who review research proposals.