Question 1

Neural network models

Accepted Answer

A)  are designed to mimic those of the brain's neurons. 
B)  possess the exact complexity of the human brain. 
C)  always use rules of logic. 
D)  are not altered by experience. 
A)  are designed to mimic those of the brain's neurons. 
B)  possess the exact complexity of the human brain. 
C)  always use rules of logic. 
D)  are not altered by experience.

Question 2

A heuristic approach to problem solving may be described by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a more fully developed algorithmic approach 
B)  involves strategies which eliminate and select among alternatives 
C)  responsible for the overwhelming success in competition between early chess programs over Chess Masters 
D)  makes use of sheer brute force in consideration of alternatives 
A)  a more fully developed algorithmic approach 
B)  involves strategies which eliminate and select among alternatives 
C)  responsible for the overwhelming success in competition between early chess programs over Chess Masters 
D)  makes use of sheer brute force in consideration of alternatives

Question 3

Which of the following would not be associated as a strength of human cognitive processing as opposed to computers?

Accepted Answer

A)  spreadsheets 
B)  recognizing anger 
C)  perception of cognitive meaning 
D)  perception of complex geometric shapes 
A)  spreadsheets 
B)  recognizing anger 
C)  perception of cognitive meaning 
D)  perception of complex geometric shapes

Question 4

The most important determinant of whether learning will occur with a parallel distributed processing model is

Accepted Answer

A)  the central processing unit. 
B)  the set of individual processing units. 
C)  a majority of the individual processing units. 
D)  the pattern of connections among separate processing units. 
A)  the central processing unit. 
B)  the set of individual processing units. 
C)  a majority of the individual processing units. 
D)  the pattern of connections among separate processing units.

Question 5

Walking is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  implicit learning. 
B)  symbolic learning. 
C)  latent learning. 
D)  explicit learning. 
A)  implicit learning. 
B)  symbolic learning. 
C)  latent learning. 
D)  explicit learning.

Question 6

Computer simulation is used to

Accepted Answer

A)  improve computer technology. 
B)  better understand cognitive outcomes. 
C)  focus on human cognitive process. 
D)  devise a system that can accomplish the same things as humans. 
A)  improve computer technology. 
B)  better understand cognitive outcomes. 
C)  focus on human cognitive process. 
D)  devise a system that can accomplish the same things as humans.

Question 7

What kind of computer might most closely resemble the human brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  a PC computer 
B)  an Apple computer 
C)  an analog computer 
D)  a digital computer 
A)  a PC computer 
B)  an Apple computer 
C)  an analog computer 
D)  a digital computer

Question 8

Chess Masters and computers have which of the following in common with regard to chess strategy?

Accepted Answer

A)  They both follow explicit rules. 
B)  They both employ a formal logic leading to a single correct solution. 
C)  Neither anticipate consequences of strategies. 
D)  They both follow implicit rules. 
A)  They both follow explicit rules. 
B)  They both employ a formal logic leading to a single correct solution. 
C)  Neither anticipate consequences of strategies. 
D)  They both follow implicit rules.

Question 9

In which of the following ways has artificial intelligence been described?

Accepted Answer

A)  simulation of intelligent behavior using computers 
B)  a model of the human brain which supersedes its capabilities 
C)  a branch of computer science that tries to make computers smarter 
D)  a clarification of questions about human cognitive processes 
A)  simulation of intelligent behavior using computers 
B)  a model of the human brain which supersedes its capabilities 
C)  a branch of computer science that tries to make computers smarter 
D)  a clarification of questions about human cognitive processes

Question 10

The processing units in a PDP computer may be compared with

Accepted Answer

A)  possessing several brains. 
B)  human sense organs. 
C)  components of a neural network. 
D)  mathematical equations. 
A)  possessing several brains. 
B)  human sense organs. 
C)  components of a neural network. 
D)  mathematical equations.

Question 11

A serial computer

Accepted Answer

A)  carries out a number of acts simultaneously. 
B)  was based on a connectionist model. 
C)  does parallel processing. 
D)  views intellectual function as a sequence of facts. 
A)  carries out a number of acts simultaneously. 
B)  was based on a connectionist model. 
C)  does parallel processing. 
D)  views intellectual function as a sequence of facts.

Question 12

In comparing the human brain to a computer, Allman concludes

Accepted Answer

A)  though what has been learned has been limited, that knowledge has been extremely valuable. 
B)  the comparison is a poor one and unlikely to be productive since there is a fundamental difference between the two. 
C)  a great deal of understanding has been gained with the promise of more to come in the years ahead. 
D)  though what has been learned has been limited, a continued investigation has great promise for what might be learned. 
A)  though what has been learned has been limited, that knowledge has been extremely valuable. 
B)  the comparison is a poor one and unlikely to be productive since there is a fundamental difference between the two. 
C)  a great deal of understanding has been gained with the promise of more to come in the years ahead. 
D)  though what has been learned has been limited, a continued investigation has great promise for what might be learned.

Question 13

Which of the following approaches to learning would be most compatible with a computer-as-cognitive processor metaphor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Skinner's operant conditioning 
B)  Hebb's psychoneurological approach 
C)  the Gestalt approach 
D)  Pavlov's classical conditioning 
A)  Skinner's operant conditioning 
B)  Hebb's psychoneurological approach 
C)  the Gestalt approach 
D)  Pavlov's classical conditioning

Question 14

A symbolic model used for computer-based study of human cognitive processes is described by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  All information can be represented in symbols. 
B)  Learning is implicit. 
C)  Information processing involves the synthesis of experience. 
D)  Most information can be represented in symbols. 
A)  All information can be represented in symbols. 
B)  Learning is implicit. 
C)  Information processing involves the synthesis of experience. 
D)  Most information can be represented in symbols.

Question 15

The human brain exceeds the computer in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  speed of processing information 
B)  retrieval of information 
C)  information storage 
D)  speed of mathematical calculations 
A)  speed of processing information 
B)  retrieval of information 
C)  information storage 
D)  speed of mathematical calculations

Neural network models

A heuristic approach to problem solving may be described by which of the following?

Which of the following would not be associated as a strength of human cognitive processing as opposed to computers?

The most important determinant of whether learning will occur with a parallel distributed processing model is

Walking is an example of

Computer simulation is used to

What kind of computer might most closely resemble the human brain?

Chess Masters and computers have which of the following in common with regard to chess strategy?

In which of the following ways has artificial intelligence been described?

The processing units in a PDP computer may be compared with

A serial computer

In comparing the human brain to a computer, Allman concludes

Which of the following approaches to learning would be most compatible with a computer-as-cognitive processor metaphor?

A symbolic model used for computer-based study of human cognitive processes is described by which of the following?

The human brain exceeds the computer in which of the following ways?

Human Learning

Early Behaviorism: Pavlov, Watson, and Guthrie

The Effects of Behavior: Thorndike and Hull

Operant Conditioning: Skinners Radical Behaviorism

Evolutionary Psychology: Learning, Biology, and the Brain

A Transition to Modern Cognitivism: Hebb, Tolman, and the Gestaltists

Three Cognitive Theories: Bruner, Piaget, and Vygotsky

Learning and Remembering

Motivation

Social Learning: Banduras Social Cognitive Theory

Summary, Synthesis, and Integration

Filters

Exam 8: Symbolic Models of the Mind and Neural Networks

Neural network models

A heuristic approach to problem solving may be described by which of the following?

Which of the following would not be associated as a strength of human cognitive processing as opposed to computers?

The most important determinant of whether learning will occur with a parallel distributed processing model is

Walking is an example of

Computer simulation is used to

What kind of computer might most closely resemble the human brain?

Chess Masters and computers have which of the following in common with regard to chess strategy?

In which of the following ways has artificial intelligence been described?

The processing units in a PDP computer may be compared with

A serial computer

In comparing the human brain to a computer, Allman concludes

Which of the following approaches to learning would be most compatible with a computer-as-cognitive processor metaphor?

A symbolic model used for computer-based study of human cognitive processes is described by which of the following?

The human brain exceeds the computer in which of the following ways?

Human Learning

Early Behaviorism: Pavlov, Watson, and Guthrie

The Effects of Behavior: Thorndike and Hull

Operant Conditioning: Skinners Radical Behaviorism

Evolutionary Psychology: Learning, Biology, and the Brain

A Transition to Modern Cognitivism: Hebb, Tolman, and the Gestaltists

Three Cognitive Theories: Bruner, Piaget, and Vygotsky

Learning and Remembering

Motivation

Social Learning: Banduras Social Cognitive Theory

Summary, Synthesis, and Integration

Filters