Question 1

The movement of oxygen from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is an exampleof

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis. 
B)  active transport. 
C)  diffusion. 
D)  facilitated transport. 
E)  filtration. 
A)  osmosis. 
B)  active transport. 
C)  diffusion. 
D)  facilitated transport. 
E)  filtration.

Question 2

Cell membranes are said to be ________ because they allow some substances to pass but not others.

Accepted Answer

A)  impermeable 
B)  doubly amphipathic 
C)  hydrophilic 
D)  selectively permeable 
E)  hydrophobic 
A)  impermeable 
B)  doubly amphipathic 
C)  hydrophilic 
D)  selectively permeable 
E)  hydrophobic

Question 3

Secondary active transport

Accepted Answer

A)  is not carried out by membrane proteins. 
B)  is not directly linked to the hydrolysis of ATP. 
C)  does not link the pumping of one substance to the concentration gradient of another. 
D)  does not require the cell to invest energy, either directly or indirectly. 
E)  cannot move a substance against its concentration gradient. 
A)  is not carried out by membrane proteins. 
B)  is not directly linked to the hydrolysis of ATP. 
C)  does not link the pumping of one substance to the concentration gradient of another. 
D)  does not require the cell to invest energy, either directly or indirectly. 
E)  cannot move a substance against its concentration gradient.

Question 4

What is the correct order of occurrence for the steps of protein synthesis?
1) mRNA is produced in nucleus.
2) Ribosome moves along mRNA.
3) DNA uncoils for transcription.
4) Polypeptide is produced.
5) tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome.
6) mRNA moves to ribosome.

Accepted Answer

A)  3, 1, 6, 2, 5, 4 
B)  2, 4, 6, 1, 3, 5 
C)  2, 1, 5, 4, 3, 6 
D)  3, 5, 1, 6, 2, 4 
E)  1, 5, 3, 4, 2, 6 
A)  3, 1, 6, 2, 5, 4 
B)  2, 4, 6, 1, 3, 5 
C)  2, 1, 5, 4, 3, 6 
D)  3, 5, 1, 6, 2, 4 
E)  1, 5, 3, 4, 2, 6

Question 5

Which of the following consists of a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  mitochondria 
D)  nucleoli 
E)  Golgi apparatus 
A)  rough endoplasmic reticulum 
B)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
C)  mitochondria 
D)  nucleoli 
E)  Golgi apparatus

Question 6

Motile cilia move fluids across a cell's surface, while a flagellum

Accepted Answer

A)  cools a cell. 
B)  is not motile. 
C)  fastens one cell to another. 
D)  propels a cell through fluid. 
E)  detects environmental stimuli. 
A)  cools a cell. 
B)  is not motile. 
C)  fastens one cell to another. 
D)  propels a cell through fluid. 
E)  detects environmental stimuli.

Question 7

Which phase of the cell cycle has the biggest extremes in duration?

Accepted Answer

A)  S phase 
B)  G0 phase 
C)  G1 phase 
D)  G2 phase 
E)  V phase 
A)  S phase 
B)  G0 phase 
C)  G1 phase 
D)  G2 phase 
E)  V phase

Question 8

A process that requires cellular energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient is called

Accepted Answer

A)  active transport. 
B)  passive transport. 
C)  facilitated transport. 
D)  osmosis. 
E)  diffusion. 
A)  active transport. 
B)  passive transport. 
C)  facilitated transport. 
D)  osmosis. 
E)  diffusion.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a function of membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  bind to ligands 
B)  regulate the passage of ions 
C)  act as carrier molecules for various solutes 
D)  act as anchors or stabilizers for the cell membrane 
E)  store cellular nutrients 
A)  bind to ligands 
B)  regulate the passage of ions 
C)  act as carrier molecules for various solutes 
D)  act as anchors or stabilizers for the cell membrane 
E)  store cellular nutrients

Question 10

The "r" in rRNA stands for

Accepted Answer

A)  regeneration. 
B)  recurrence. 
C)  rebuilding. 
D)  ribosomal. 
E)  radiation. 
A)  regeneration. 
B)  recurrence. 
C)  rebuilding. 
D)  ribosomal. 
E)  radiation.

Question 11

The functional units of DNA that contain the instructions for making one or more proteins are

Accepted Answer

A)  chromosomes. 
B)  genes. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  codons. 
E)  RNA. 
A)  chromosomes. 
B)  genes. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  codons. 
E)  RNA.

Question 12

In ________, one substance is transported into the cell and another is transported out.

Accepted Answer

A)  cotransport 
B)  ditransport 
C)  countertransport 
D)  protransport 
E)  throughtransport 
A)  cotransport 
B)  ditransport 
C)  countertransport 
D)  protransport 
E)  throughtransport

Question 13

The intake of materials from the extracellular fluid using vesicles is called

Accepted Answer

A)  osmosis. 
B)  exocytosis. 
C)  facilitated transport. 
D)  endocytosis. 
E)  an ion exchange pump. 
A)  osmosis. 
B)  exocytosis. 
C)  facilitated transport. 
D)  endocytosis. 
E)  an ion exchange pump.

Question 14

The mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence ATC on DNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  ATC. 
B)  TAG. 
C)  UAG. 
D)  AUG. 
E)  AUC. 
A)  ATC. 
B)  TAG. 
C)  UAG. 
D)  AUG. 
E)  AUC.

Question 15

Water and small hydrophilic solutes

Accepted Answer

A)  may pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. 
B)  cannot pass through a plasma membrane. 
C)  can dissolve holes in the plasma membrane. 
D)  may pass through channels in the plasma membrane. 
E)  do not mix with each other. 
A)  may pass through the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane. 
B)  cannot pass through a plasma membrane. 
C)  can dissolve holes in the plasma membrane. 
D)  may pass through channels in the plasma membrane. 
E)  do not mix with each other.

Question 16

The process by which cells become specialized is called

Accepted Answer

A)  determination. 
B)  cytokinesis. 
C)  mutation. 
D)  differentiation. 
E)  distinction. 
A)  determination. 
B)  cytokinesis. 
C)  mutation. 
D)  differentiation. 
E)  distinction.

Question 17

A cell can increase how fast a substance diffuses across its plasma membrane by inserting channels, whichmodify the

Accepted Answer

A)  distance across the membrane. 
B)  concentration gradient of the substance. 
C)  size and mobility of the substance. 
D)  membrane's permeability to the substance. 
E)  charge of the substance. 
A)  distance across the membrane. 
B)  concentration gradient of the substance. 
C)  size and mobility of the substance. 
D)  membrane's permeability to the substance. 
E)  charge of the substance.

Question 18

What is a structure that separates the contents of a human cell from its surrounding medium?

Accepted Answer

A)  cell wall 
B)  tissue 
C)  plasma membrane 
D)  skin 
E)  nucleus 
A)  cell wall 
B)  tissue 
C)  plasma membrane 
D)  skin 
E)  nucleus

Question 19

Cancer cells

Accepted Answer

A)  are indistinguishable from normal body cells. 
B)  have a slow mitotic rate. 
C)  may exhibit metastasis. 
D)  do not form neoplasms. 
E)  generally form benign tumors. 
A)  are indistinguishable from normal body cells. 
B)  have a slow mitotic rate. 
C)  may exhibit metastasis. 
D)  do not form neoplasms. 
E)  generally form benign tumors.

Question 20

Cytology is the study of

Accepted Answer

A)  biological macromolecules. 
B)  causes and treatment of cancer. 
C)  the origins of life on Earth. 
D)  genes and their function. 
E)  the structure and function of cells. 
A)  biological macromolecules. 
B)  causes and treatment of cancer. 
C)  the origins of life on Earth. 
D)  genes and their function. 
E)  the structure and function of cells.

Exam 3: The Cellular Level of Organization

The movement of oxygen from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration is an exampleof

Cell membranes are said to be ________ because they allow some substances to pass but not others.

Secondary active transport

What is the correct order of occurrence for the steps of protein synthesis? 1) mRNA is produced in nucleus. 2) Ribosome moves along mRNA. 3) DNA uncoils for transcription. 4) Polypeptide is produced. 5) tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome. 6) mRNA moves to ribosome.

Which of the following consists of a network of intracellular membranes with attached ribosomes?

Motile cilia move fluids across a cell's surface, while a flagellum

Which phase of the cell cycle has the biggest extremes in duration?

A process that requires cellular energy to move a substance against its concentration gradient is called

Which of the following is not a function of membrane proteins?

The "r" in rRNA stands for

The functional units of DNA that contain the instructions for making one or more proteins are

In ________, one substance is transported into the cell and another is transported out.

The intake of materials from the extracellular fluid using vesicles is called

The mRNA sequence that is complementary to the sequence ATC on DNA is

Water and small hydrophilic solutes

The process by which cells become specialized is called

A cell can increase how fast a substance diffuses across its plasma membrane by inserting channels, whichmodify the

What is a structure that separates the contents of a human cell from its surrounding medium?

Cancer cells

Cytology is the study of

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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