Question 1

You cannot tell when your small intestines shift position as food enters because you do not have any ________ there.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemoreceptors 
B)  nociceptors 
C)  proprioceptors 
D)  thermoreceptors 
E)  photoreceptors 
A)  chemoreceptors 
B)  nociceptors 
C)  proprioceptors 
D)  thermoreceptors 
E)  photoreceptors

Question 2

Receptors in your stomach that determine when food enters because the pH changes would be classified as

Accepted Answer

A)  mechanoreceptors. 
B)  nociceptors. 
C)  proprioceptors. 
D)  baroreceptors. 
E)  chemoreceptors. 
A)  mechanoreceptors. 
B)  nociceptors. 
C)  proprioceptors. 
D)  baroreceptors. 
E)  chemoreceptors.

Question 3

How can an understanding of the neurotransmitters important in the function of the basal nuclei contribute to an understanding the underlying cause for Parkinson's disease?

Accepted Answer

Two distinct populations of neurons exis

Question 4

Using the two-point discrimination test you can fairly accurately determine whether you have been touchedwith one point or two because of the density of the

Accepted Answer

A)  effectors. 
B)  perception. 
C)  labeled line. 
D)  receptor fields. 
E)  action potential. 
A)  effectors. 
B)  perception. 
C)  labeled line. 
D)  receptor fields. 
E)  action potential.

Question 5

What are the four types of sensory receptors for the general senses? What is the nature of the stimuli thatexcite each type?

Accepted Answer

(1) Nociceptors: a variety of stimuli as

Question 6

What loss would result from cutting through the medial lemniscus on the right side?

Accepted Answer

A)  loss of pain sensation on the left side of the body 
B)  loss of pain sensation on the right side of the body 
C)  loss of fine touch sensation on the left side of the body 
D)  loss of fine touch sensation on the right side of the body 
E)  complete hemiplegia (paralysis) on the left side of the body 
A)  loss of pain sensation on the left side of the body 
B)  loss of pain sensation on the right side of the body 
C)  loss of fine touch sensation on the left side of the body 
D)  loss of fine touch sensation on the right side of the body 
E)  complete hemiplegia (paralysis) on the left side of the body

Question 7

Receptors that monitor the position of joints belong to the category called

Accepted Answer

A)  nociceptors. 
B)  chemoreceptors. 
C)  baroreceptors. 
D)  proprioceptors. 
E)  thermoreceptors. 
A)  nociceptors. 
B)  chemoreceptors. 
C)  baroreceptors. 
D)  proprioceptors. 
E)  thermoreceptors.

Question 8

The corticospinal pathway begins in which area of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  somatosensory cortex 
B)  primary motor cortex 
C)  midbrain 
D)  vestibular nuclei 
E)  red nuclei 
A)  somatosensory cortex 
B)  primary motor cortex 
C)  midbrain 
D)  vestibular nuclei 
E)  red nuclei

Question 9

Figure 15-2 The Corticospinal Pathway

Use Figure 15-2 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "5."

Accepted Answer

A)  ventral root 
B)  upper motor neuron 
C)  first-order neuron 
D)  second-order neuron 
E)  dorsal root 
A)  ventral root 
B)  upper motor neuron 
C)  first-order neuron 
D)  second-order neuron 
E)  dorsal root

Question 10

Which areas of the brain monitor and adjust activities of the motor pathways?

Accepted Answer

A)  basal nuclei 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  basal nuclei and cerebellum 
D)  midbrain 
E)  pons 
A)  basal nuclei 
B)  cerebellum 
C)  basal nuclei and cerebellum 
D)  midbrain 
E)  pons

Question 11

Which of the following is a property of thermoreceptors?

Accepted Answer

A)  involves specialized receptors 
B)  monitor heat stimuli, not cold 
C)  found in skin only 
D)  project to reticular formation 
E)  cold receptors are less numerous than warm receptors 
A)  involves specialized receptors 
B)  monitor heat stimuli, not cold 
C)  found in skin only 
D)  project to reticular formation 
E)  cold receptors are less numerous than warm receptors

Question 12

In the corticospinal pathway, the neuron that exits the spinal cord and enters the spinal nerve is calledthe ________ neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  upper sensory 
B)  lower sensory 
C)  upper motor 
D)  lower motor 
E)  pyramidal 
A)  upper sensory 
B)  lower sensory 
C)  upper motor 
D)  lower motor 
E)  pyramidal

Question 13

The cerebellum adjusts motor activity in response to all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  touch sensations. 
B)  visual information. 
C)  equilibrium-related sensations. 
D)  input from the motor cortex. 
E)  input from proprioceptors. 
A)  touch sensations. 
B)  visual information. 
C)  equilibrium-related sensations. 
D)  input from the motor cortex. 
E)  input from proprioceptors.

Question 14

The motor homunculus shows larger structures in areas of the body that

Accepted Answer

A)  have more surface area. 
B)  have more sensory receptors. 
C)  have bigger skeletal muscles. 
D)  are highly sensitive. 
E)  have more motor units. 
A)  have more surface area. 
B)  have more sensory receptors. 
C)  have bigger skeletal muscles. 
D)  are highly sensitive. 
E)  have more motor units.

Question 15

Sensory neurons synapse in the CNS with an interneuron known as a

Accepted Answer

A)  first-order neuron. 
B)  second-order neuron. 
C)  third-order neuron. 
D)  motor neuron. 
E)  efferent neuron. 
A)  first-order neuron. 
B)  second-order neuron. 
C)  third-order neuron. 
D)  motor neuron. 
E)  efferent neuron.

Question 16

All of the following can contribute to receptor specificity except

Accepted Answer

A)  the structure of the receptor cell. 
B)  characteristics of the receptor cell membrane. 
C)  accessory cells that function with the receptor. 
D)  accessory structures and tissues that shield the receptors from other stimuli. 
E)  the metabolism of the receptor cell. 
A)  the structure of the receptor cell. 
B)  characteristics of the receptor cell membrane. 
C)  accessory cells that function with the receptor. 
D)  accessory structures and tissues that shield the receptors from other stimuli. 
E)  the metabolism of the receptor cell.

Question 17

Central adaptation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the decline in activity of peripheral receptors when stimulated. 
B)  a characteristic of phasic receptors. 
C)  inhibition of nuclei located along a sensory pathway. 
D)  increases in conscious perception of a sensory stimulus. 
E)  a change in motor receptivity of a neuron. 
A)  the decline in activity of peripheral receptors when stimulated. 
B)  a characteristic of phasic receptors. 
C)  inhibition of nuclei located along a sensory pathway. 
D)  increases in conscious perception of a sensory stimulus. 
E)  a change in motor receptivity of a neuron.

Question 18

Peripheral adaptation ________ the number of action potentials that reach the CNS.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases 
B)  increases 
C)  stabilizes 
D)  neutralizes 
E)  amplifies 
A)  decreases 
B)  increases 
C)  stabilizes 
D)  neutralizes 
E)  amplifies

Question 19

The general senses

Accepted Answer

A)  involve receptors that are relatively simple in structure. 
B)  are located in specialized structures called sense organs. 
C)  are localized to specific areas of the body. 
D)  cannot generate action potentials. 
E)  include taste and smell. 
A)  involve receptors that are relatively simple in structure. 
B)  are located in specialized structures called sense organs. 
C)  are localized to specific areas of the body. 
D)  cannot generate action potentials. 
E)  include taste and smell.

Question 20

Based on the motor homunculus, which of the following body regions has the fewest number of motor unitsinvolved?

Accepted Answer

A)  tongue 
B)  face 
C)  hands 
D)  back trunk 
A)  tongue 
B)  face 
C)  hands 
D)  back trunk

Exam 15: Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

You cannot tell when your small intestines shift position as food enters because you do not have any ________ there.

Receptors in your stomach that determine when food enters because the pH changes would be classified as

How can an understanding of the neurotransmitters important in the function of the basal nuclei contribute to an understanding the underlying cause for Parkinson's disease?

Using the two-point discrimination test you can fairly accurately determine whether you have been touchedwith one point or two because of the density of the

What are the four types of sensory receptors for the general senses? What is the nature of the stimuli thatexcite each type?

What loss would result from cutting through the medial lemniscus on the right side?

Receptors that monitor the position of joints belong to the category called

The corticospinal pathway begins in which area of the brain?

Figure 15-2 The Corticospinal Pathway Use Figure 15-2 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "5."

Which areas of the brain monitor and adjust activities of the motor pathways?

Which of the following is a property of thermoreceptors?

In the corticospinal pathway, the neuron that exits the spinal cord and enters the spinal nerve is calledthe ________ neuron.

The cerebellum adjusts motor activity in response to all of the following except

The motor homunculus shows larger structures in areas of the body that

Sensory neurons synapse in the CNS with an interneuron known as a

All of the following can contribute to receptor specificity except

Central adaptation refers to

Peripheral adaptation ________ the number of action potentials that reach the CNS.

The general senses

Based on the motor homunculus, which of the following body regions has the fewest number of motor unitsinvolved?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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