Question 1

Cushing's disease results from an excess of

Accepted Answer

A)  growth hormone. 
B)  parathyroid hormone. 
C)  ADH. 
D)  glucocorticoids. 
E)  epinephrine. 
A)  growth hormone. 
B)  parathyroid hormone. 
C)  ADH. 
D)  glucocorticoids. 
E)  epinephrine.

Question 2

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-Which zone of the adrenal cortex produces mineralocorticoids and what is the primary mineralocorticoid? (Figure 18-14)

Accepted Answer

A)  zona reticularis; cortisol 
B)  zona reticularis; aldosterone 
C)  zona fasciculata; epinephrine 
D)  zona glomerulosa; aldosterone 
E)  zona glomerulosa; cortisol 
A)  zona reticularis; cortisol 
B)  zona reticularis; aldosterone 
C)  zona fasciculata; epinephrine 
D)  zona glomerulosa; aldosterone 
E)  zona glomerulosa; cortisol

Question 3

Reduction of fluid losses at the kidneys due to the retention of Na+ is the action of

Accepted Answer

A)  antidiuretic hormone. 
B)  calcitonin. 
C)  aldosterone. 
D)  cortisone. 
E)  oxytocin. 
A)  antidiuretic hormone. 
B)  calcitonin. 
C)  aldosterone. 
D)  cortisone. 
E)  oxytocin.

Question 4

Endocrine cells

Accepted Answer

A)  are a type of nerve cell. 
B)  release their secretions onto an epithelial surface. 
C)  release their secretions directly into body fluids such as blood. 
D)  contain few vesicles. 
E)  are modified connective tissue cells. 
A)  are a type of nerve cell. 
B)  release their secretions onto an epithelial surface. 
C)  release their secretions directly into body fluids such as blood. 
D)  contain few vesicles. 
E)  are modified connective tissue cells.

Question 5

Which of the following is not an action of TSH?

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulates T3 and T4 secretion 
B)  stimulates iodide trapping by thyroid follicle cells 
C)  inhibits T3 and T4 secretion 
D)  stimulates pinocytosis of colloid by thyroid follicle cells 
E)  increases cyclic AMP concentration within thyroid follicle cells 
A)  stimulates T3 and T4 secretion 
B)  stimulates iodide trapping by thyroid follicle cells 
C)  inhibits T3 and T4 secretion 
D)  stimulates pinocytosis of colloid by thyroid follicle cells 
E)  increases cyclic AMP concentration within thyroid follicle cells

Question 6

If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing, which of these hormones could no longer stimulate release of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  progesterone 
B)  glucagon 
C)  cortisol 
D)  thyroxine 
E)  leptin 
A)  progesterone 
B)  glucagon 
C)  cortisol 
D)  thyroxine 
E)  leptin

Question 7

The control of calcitonin excretion is an example of direct ________ regulation.

Accepted Answer

A)  endocrine 
B)  pancreatic 
C)  homeostatic 
D)  hepatic 
E)  vascular 
A)  endocrine 
B)  pancreatic 
C)  homeostatic 
D)  hepatic 
E)  vascular

Question 8

Hormones from the adrenal cortex that regulate electrolyte balance are

Accepted Answer

A)  antidiuretics. 
B)  calcitonin and parathyroid hormone. 
C)  mineralocorticoids. 
D)  androgens. 
E)  glucocorticoids. 
A)  antidiuretics. 
B)  calcitonin and parathyroid hormone. 
C)  mineralocorticoids. 
D)  androgens. 
E)  glucocorticoids.

Question 9

Normal growth is dependent on all of the following hormones except

Accepted Answer

A)  thyroid hormones. 
B)  oxytocin. 
C)  growth hormone. 
D)  insulin. 
E)  glucocorticoids. 
A)  thyroid hormones. 
B)  oxytocin. 
C)  growth hormone. 
D)  insulin. 
E)  glucocorticoids.

Question 10

Cells that respond to a hormone are called ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  stem 
B)  pluripotent 
C)  germ 
D)  target 
E)  peripheral 
A)  stem 
B)  pluripotent 
C)  germ 
D)  target 
E)  peripheral

Question 11

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and replication by accelerating protein synthesis is

Accepted Answer

A)  ACTH. 
B)  MSH. 
C)  prolactin. 
D)  insulin. 
E)  growth hormone. 
A)  ACTH. 
B)  MSH. 
C)  prolactin. 
D)  insulin. 
E)  growth hormone.

Question 12

All of the following are functions of LH except

Accepted Answer

A)  triggering ovulation. 
B)  stimulating secretion of testosterone. 
C)  stimulating the formation of the corpus luteum. 
D)  stimulating the secretion of progesterone. 
E)  stimulating follicle development. 
A)  triggering ovulation. 
B)  stimulating secretion of testosterone. 
C)  stimulating the formation of the corpus luteum. 
D)  stimulating the secretion of progesterone. 
E)  stimulating follicle development.

Question 13

TSH plays a key role in the ________ of thyroid hormones.

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition 
B)  synthesis 
C)  release 
D)  inhibition and secretion 
E)  synthesis and release 
A)  inhibition 
B)  synthesis 
C)  release 
D)  inhibition and secretion 
E)  synthesis and release

Question 14

Calcium ions serve as messengers, often in combination with the intracellular protein

Accepted Answer

A)  calcitonin. 
B)  calcitriol. 
C)  calmodulin. 
D)  calcium-binding globulin. 
E)  calcitropin. 
A)  calcitonin. 
B)  calcitriol. 
C)  calmodulin. 
D)  calcium-binding globulin. 
E)  calcitropin.

Question 15

You see a patient with a goiter. You run some tests and find the patient is iodine deficient. Explain howiodine is used in the production of thyroid hormones. Also, explain how a goiter might form as a result of iodine deficiency. Be sure to include the role of TSH in your response.

Accepted Answer

Iodine atoms are attached to tyrosine mo

Question 16

Thyroxine and calcitonin are secreted by the

Accepted Answer

A)  kidneys. 
B)  heart. 
C)  thyroid gland. 
D)  gonads. 
E)  pituitary gland. 
A)  kidneys. 
B)  heart. 
C)  thyroid gland. 
D)  gonads. 
E)  pituitary gland.

Question 17

Parathyroid hormone does all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulate osteoclast activity. 
B)  inhibit osteoblast activity. 
C)  build up bone. 
D)  stimulate the formation and secretion of calcitriol at the kidneys. 
E)  enhance the reabsorption of calcium at the kidneys. 
A)  stimulate osteoclast activity. 
B)  inhibit osteoblast activity. 
C)  build up bone. 
D)  stimulate the formation and secretion of calcitriol at the kidneys. 
E)  enhance the reabsorption of calcium at the kidneys.

Question 18

Hormonal actions on cells affect all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  quantities of enzymes. 
B)  activities of enzymes. 
C)  synthesis of enzymes. 
D)  gating of ion channels. 
E)  thickness of the plasma membrane. 
A)  quantities of enzymes. 
B)  activities of enzymes. 
C)  synthesis of enzymes. 
D)  gating of ion channels. 
E)  thickness of the plasma membrane.

Question 19

Which of the following directly regulates the secretion of insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  parasympathetic nervous system 
B)  sympathetic nervous system 
C)  blood glucose concentration 
D)  hypothalamus 
E)  tropic hormones from the pituitary gland 
A)  parasympathetic nervous system 
B)  sympathetic nervous system 
C)  blood glucose concentration 
D)  hypothalamus 
E)  tropic hormones from the pituitary gland

Question 20

Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  ACTH 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  cyclic AMP 
E)  TSH 
A)  insulin 
B)  ACTH 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  cyclic AMP 
E)  TSH

Exam 18: The Endocrine System

Cushing's disease results from an excess of

In-Text Figure Based Questions -Which zone of the adrenal cortex produces mineralocorticoids and what is the primary mineralocorticoid? (Figure 18-14)

Reduction of fluid losses at the kidneys due to the retention of Na+ is the action of

Endocrine cells

Which of the following is not an action of TSH?

If the adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells were missing, which of these hormones could no longer stimulate release of glucose?

The control of calcitonin excretion is an example of direct ________ regulation.

Hormones from the adrenal cortex that regulate electrolyte balance are

Normal growth is dependent on all of the following hormones except

Cells that respond to a hormone are called ________ cells.

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and replication by accelerating protein synthesis is

All of the following are functions of LH except

TSH plays a key role in the ________ of thyroid hormones.

Calcium ions serve as messengers, often in combination with the intracellular protein

You see a patient with a goiter. You run some tests and find the patient is iodine deficient. Explain howiodine is used in the production of thyroid hormones. Also, explain how a goiter might form as a result of iodine deficiency. Be sure to include the role of TSH in your response.

Thyroxine and calcitonin are secreted by the

Parathyroid hormone does all of the following except

Hormonal actions on cells affect all of the following except

Which of the following directly regulates the secretion of insulin?

Which of the following substances activates protein kinases and thus acts as a second messenger?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters