Exam 8: Muscle Physiology

Indicate which of the muscle proteins in skeletal muscle is associated with the item in question by writing the appropriate letters in the blanks using the answer code below: a.actin only b.myosin only c.actin and myosin d.troponin-tropomyosin complex e.actin, troponin, and tropomyosin f.actin, myosin, troponin, and tropomyosin -Found in thin filament

Thick filaments are made up of the protein ____________________, whereas thin filaments are composed of the three proteins ____________________, ____________________, and ____________________.

Indicate the characteristics of the muscle-tension receptors using the following answer code: a.muscle spindle b.Golgi tendon organ c.both of these receptors -Unless compensatory measures are taken, this receptor becomes slack

The thick filaments in a sarcomere contain cross bridges.

Myosin

Central fatigue of a muscle directly results from the accumulation of lactic acid in the muscle.

Match muscle term with the correct characteristic. a.a storage form of glucose used in muscle cells requiring rapid energy release b.a molecule that can quickly provide materials to make ATP c.an oxygen-storing protein that makes muscle tissue appear red d.a fuel molecule for cell respiration or fermentation e.a fermentation product when our cells become anaerobic -Lactic acid

More tension is developed during twitch summation than during a single twitch because the duration of elevated cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration increases during summation, thus increasing the availability of cross-bridge binding sites.

Submaximal isometric contractions are important for

The T tubules

When considering the muscle as part of a lever system, a calculated "moment" for the muscle would be force times power arm length.

Indicate which type of muscle is associated with the property in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below: a.skeletal muscle only b.single-unit smooth muscle only c.cardiac muscle only d.skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle e.skeletal muscle and single-unit smooth muscle f.single-unit smooth muscle and cardiac muscle g.skeletal, single-unit smooth, and cardiac muscles -Can exist over a variety of lengths with little change in tension

Each I band in a skeletal muscle fiber includes

The only energy source that can be used directly by the contractile machinery of a muscle fiber is ____________________.

____________________ system is the descending pathway that is primarily concerned with regulation of posture involving involuntary movements of the trunk and limbs.

Match muscle term with the correct characteristic. a.a storage form of glucose used in muscle cells requiring rapid energy release b.a molecule that can quickly provide materials to make ATP c.an oxygen-storing protein that makes muscle tissue appear red d.a fuel molecule for cell respiration or fermentation e.a fermentation product when our cells become anaerobic -Glucose

A skeletal muscle undergoes hypertrophy mainly by producing many more muscle fibers.

Match the sarcomere component with the correct characteristic. a.Z line b.A band c.I band d.H zone -Contains only thin filaments

Indicate which type of muscle is associated with the property in question by writing the appropriate letter in the blank using the answer code below: a.skeletal muscle only b.single-unit smooth muscle only c.cardiac muscle only d.skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle e.skeletal muscle and single-unit smooth muscle f.single-unit smooth muscle and cardiac muscle g.skeletal, single-unit smooth, and cardiac muscles -Contains gap junctions

The energy for cross bridge cycling during muscle contraction is provided by: