Question 1

Summation that results from the cumulative effect of multiple synapses at multiple places on the neuron is designated

Accepted Answer

A) spatial summation. 
B) temporal summation. 
C) inhibition of the impulse. 
D) hyperpolarization. 
E) impulse transmission. 
A) spatial summation. 
B) temporal summation. 
C) inhibition of the impulse. 
D) hyperpolarization. 
E) impulse transmission.

Question 2

In a(n)________ neuron,the dendrites and axon are continuous or fused.

Accepted Answer

A) multipolar 
B) anaxonic 
C) unipolar 
D) bipolar 
E) interneuron 
A) multipolar 
B) anaxonic 
C) unipolar 
D) bipolar 
E) interneuron

Question 3

Figure 12-2 The Nerve Action Potential
Use Figure 12-2 to answer the following questions:
-Which area of the graph shows when potassium channels open?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4

Question 4

Each of the following is an example of a synapse between neurons and effector cells except the junction between a neuron and a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) skeletal muscle cell. 
B) smooth muscle cell. 
C) endocrine gland cell. 
D) exocrine gland cell. 
E) nerve cell. 
A) skeletal muscle cell. 
B) smooth muscle cell. 
C) endocrine gland cell. 
D) exocrine gland cell. 
E) nerve cell.

Question 5

________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal.

Accepted Answer

A) Astrocytes 
B) Satellite cells 
C) Oligodendrocytes 
D) Microglia 
E) Ependymal cells 
A) Astrocytes 
B) Satellite cells 
C) Oligodendrocytes 
D) Microglia 
E) Ependymal cells

Question 6

Which of the following is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain that is important in learning and memory?

Accepted Answer

A) glutamate 
B) gamma aminobutyric acid 
C) serotonin 
D) noradrenaline 
E) glycine 
A) glutamate 
B) gamma aminobutyric acid 
C) serotonin 
D) noradrenaline 
E) glycine

Question 7

After acetylcholinesterase acts,the synaptic terminal

Accepted Answer

A) reabsorbs the acetylcholine. 
B) reabsorbs the acetate. 
C) reabsorbs the choline. 
D) reabsorbs axoplasm. 
E) pinches off and a new terminal grows. 
A) reabsorbs the acetylcholine. 
B) reabsorbs the acetate. 
C) reabsorbs the choline. 
D) reabsorbs axoplasm. 
E) pinches off and a new terminal grows.

Question 8

The following are the main steps in the generation of an action potential.
1)Sodium channels are inactivated.
2)Voltage-gated potassium channels open and potassium moves out of the cell,initiating repolarization.
3)Sodium channels regain their normal properties.
4)A graded depolarization brings an area of an excitable membrane to threshold.
5)A temporary hyperpolarization occurs.
6)Sodium channel activation occurs.
7)Sodium ions enter the cell and depolarization occurs.
What is the proper sequence of these events?

Accepted Answer

A) 4,6,7,3,2,5,1 
B) 4,6,7,1,2,3,5 
C) 6,7,4,1,2,3,5 
D) 2,4,6,7,1,3,5 
E) 4,2,5,6,7,3,1 
A) 4,6,7,3,2,5,1 
B) 4,6,7,1,2,3,5 
C) 6,7,4,1,2,3,5 
D) 2,4,6,7,1,3,5 
E) 4,2,5,6,7,3,1

Question 9

The ________ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.

Accepted Answer

A) autonomic 
B) peripheral 
C) central 
D) efferent 
E) afferent 
A) autonomic 
B) peripheral 
C) central 
D) efferent 
E) afferent

Question 10

Ion channels that are always open are called ________ channels.

Accepted Answer

A) active 
B) gated 
C) leak 
D) regulated 
E) local 
A) active 
B) gated 
C) leak 
D) regulated 
E) local

Question 11

Many medications introduced into the bloodstream cannot directly affect the neurons of the CNS because

Accepted Answer

A) oligodendrocytes form a continuous myelin sheath around the axons. 
B) the endothelium of CNS capillaries forms a blood-brain barrier. 
C) the neurolemma is impermeable to most molecules. 
D) ependymal cells restrict the flow of interstitial fluid between the capillaries and the neurons. 
E) astrocytes form a capsule around neurons. 
A) oligodendrocytes form a continuous myelin sheath around the axons. 
B) the endothelium of CNS capillaries forms a blood-brain barrier. 
C) the neurolemma is impermeable to most molecules. 
D) ependymal cells restrict the flow of interstitial fluid between the capillaries and the neurons. 
E) astrocytes form a capsule around neurons.

Question 12

Which of the following types of nerve fiber possesses the fastest speed of impulse propagation?

Accepted Answer

A) type A 
B) type B 
C) type C 
D) type D 
E) type E 
A) type A 
B) type B 
C) type C 
D) type D 
E) type E

Question 13

Integral membrane proteins that connect electrical synapses are called

Accepted Answer

A) connexons. 
B) receptors. 
C) desmosomes. 
D) sodium channels. 
E) synapsins. 
A) connexons. 
B) receptors. 
C) desmosomes. 
D) sodium channels. 
E) synapsins.

Question 14

If the axolemma becomes more permeable to potassium ion,

Accepted Answer

A) the membrane will depolarize to threshold. 
B) a stronger stimulus will be required to cause an action potential. 
C) the membrane will depolarize to +30 mV. 
D) sodium ions will enter the cell to replace the lost potassium ions. 
E) the inside of the membrane will have a positive charge. 
A) the membrane will depolarize to threshold. 
B) a stronger stimulus will be required to cause an action potential. 
C) the membrane will depolarize to +30 mV. 
D) sodium ions will enter the cell to replace the lost potassium ions. 
E) the inside of the membrane will have a positive charge.

Question 15

________ channels open or close in response to physical distortion of the membrane surface.

Accepted Answer

A) Voltage-gated 
B) Chemically gated 
C) Active 
D) Mechanically gated 
E) Leak 
A) Voltage-gated 
B) Chemically gated 
C) Active 
D) Mechanically gated 
E) Leak

Question 16

Figure 12-1 The Neuron
Use Figure 12-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "4."

Accepted Answer

A) synaptic terminals 
B) telodendria 
C) dendritic spines 
D) collateral branches 
E) axons 
A) synaptic terminals 
B) telodendria 
C) dendritic spines 
D) collateral branches 
E) axons

Question 17

Raising the potassium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid surrounding a nerve cell will have what effect?

Accepted Answer

A) depolarize it 
B) hyperpolarize it 
C) increase the magnitude of the potassium equilibrium potential 
D) decrease the magnitude of the potassium equilibrium potential 
E) both hyperpolarize it and decrease the magnitude of the potassium equilibrium potential 
A) depolarize it 
B) hyperpolarize it 
C) increase the magnitude of the potassium equilibrium potential 
D) decrease the magnitude of the potassium equilibrium potential 
E) both hyperpolarize it and decrease the magnitude of the potassium equilibrium potential

Question 18

Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon are called

Accepted Answer

A) anaxonic. 
B) unipolar. 
C) bipolar. 
D) tripolar. 
E) multipolar. 
A) anaxonic. 
B) unipolar. 
C) bipolar. 
D) tripolar. 
E) multipolar.

Question 19

If the permeability of a resting axon to sodium ion increases,

Accepted Answer

A) the membrane potential will repolarize. 
B) the membrane potential will hyperpolarize. 
C) inward movement of sodium ion will increase. 
D) outward movement of sodium ion will decrease. 
E) inward movement of sodium will increase and the membrane will depolarize. 
A) the membrane potential will repolarize. 
B) the membrane potential will hyperpolarize. 
C) inward movement of sodium ion will increase. 
D) outward movement of sodium ion will decrease. 
E) inward movement of sodium will increase and the membrane will depolarize.

Question 20

The axoplasm of the axon contains which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) neurotubules 
B) mitochondria 
C) vesicles 
D) neurofibrils 
E) All of the answers are correct. 
A) neurotubules 
B) mitochondria 
C) vesicles 
D) neurofibrils 
E) All of the answers are correct.

Exam 12: Neural Tissue

Summation that results from the cumulative effect of multiple synapses at multiple places on the neuron is designated

In a(n)________ neuron,the dendrites and axon are continuous or fused.

Figure 12-2 The Nerve Action Potential Use Figure 12-2 to answer the following questions: -Which area of the graph shows when potassium channels open?

Each of the following is an example of a synapse between neurons and effector cells except the junction between a neuron and a(n)

________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal.

Which of the following is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain that is important in learning and memory?

After acetylcholinesterase acts,the synaptic terminal

The ________ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.

Ion channels that are always open are called ________ channels.

Many medications introduced into the bloodstream cannot directly affect the neurons of the CNS because

Which of the following types of nerve fiber possesses the fastest speed of impulse propagation?

Integral membrane proteins that connect electrical synapses are called

If the axolemma becomes more permeable to potassium ion,

________ channels open or close in response to physical distortion of the membrane surface.

Figure 12-1 The Neuron Use Figure 12-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "4."

Raising the potassium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid surrounding a nerve cell will have what effect?

Neurons that have several dendrites and a single axon are called

If the permeability of a resting axon to sodium ion increases,

The axoplasm of the axon contains which of the following?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

The Spinal Cord, spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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