Question 1

In Donders's research on human decision making, he found that it took ____________ to decide which of two buttons to push in response to a stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  less than one second 
B)  between one and two seconds 
C)  two to five seconds 
D)  more than five seconds 
A)  less than one second 
B)  between one and two seconds 
C)  two to five seconds 
D)  more than five seconds

Question 2

The relationship between the ____________ is NOT measured directly by cognitive psychologists.

Accepted Answer

A)  physiological response and the behavioral outcome 
B)  cognitive task and the behavioral outcome 
C)  cognitive task and the physiological response 
D)  cognitive task and the mental response 
A)  physiological response and the behavioral outcome 
B)  cognitive task and the behavioral outcome 
C)  cognitive task and the physiological response 
D)  cognitive task and the mental response

Question 3

Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin's (1968) model of memory, which was introduced a year after the publication of Neisser's book, described the flow of information in the memory system as progressing through three stages. Which memory holds incoming information for a fraction of a second and then passes most of this information to short-term memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Long-term memory 
B)  Sensory memory 
C)  Episodic memory 
D)  Semantic memory 
A)  Long-term memory 
B)  Sensory memory 
C)  Episodic memory 
D)  Semantic memory

Question 4

Watson became dissatisfied with the method of analytic introspection in which context?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behaviorism 
B)  Results were interpreted in terms of invisible inner mental processes 
C)  It produced same results from person to person 
D)  Results were easy to verify 
A)  Behaviorism 
B)  Results were interpreted in terms of invisible inner mental processes 
C)  It produced same results from person to person 
D)  Results were easy to verify

Question 5

Which of the following does NOT characterize the information processing (IP) approach to the study of cognition?

Accepted Answer

A)  IP depicts the mind as processing information in a sequence of stages. 
B)  IP emphasizes stimulus-response relationships in cognitive processes. 
C)  IP involves the use of computers as a metaphor to understand human cognition. 
D)  IP traces the sequence of mental operations involved in cognition. 
A)  IP depicts the mind as processing information in a sequence of stages. 
B)  IP emphasizes stimulus-response relationships in cognitive processes. 
C)  IP involves the use of computers as a metaphor to understand human cognition. 
D)  IP traces the sequence of mental operations involved in cognition.

Question 6

Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection?

Accepted Answer

A)  It infers mental processes based on objective data. 
B)  It produces results that are too easy to verify. 
C)  It produces variable results from person to person. 
D)  It requires no training. 
A)  It infers mental processes based on objective data. 
B)  It produces results that are too easy to verify. 
C)  It produces variable results from person to person. 
D)  It requires no training.

Question 7

Donald Broadbent was the first person to develop which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  A flow diagram depicting the mind as processing information in a sequence of stages 
B)  A computer program for solving logic problems 
C)  An experimental procedure for studying the way people process information 
D)  The first textbook of cognitive psychology 
A)  A flow diagram depicting the mind as processing information in a sequence of stages 
B)  A computer program for solving logic problems 
C)  An experimental procedure for studying the way people process information 
D)  The first textbook of cognitive psychology

Question 8

Regarding children's language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they have never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by

Accepted Answer

A)  an inborn biological program. 
B)  cultural influences. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  operant conditioning. 
A)  an inborn biological program. 
B)  cultural influences. 
C)  classical conditioning. 
D)  operant conditioning.

Question 9

Who founded the first laboratory of scientific psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany?

Accepted Answer

A)  Erik Erikson 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt 
D)  Ivan Pavlov 
A)  Erik Erikson 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  Wilhelm Wundt 
D)  Ivan Pavlov

Question 10

In which year was positron emission tomography (PET) introduced and made it possible to see which areas of the human brain are activated during cognitive activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  1969 
B)  1984 
C)  1991 
D)  1976 
A)  1969 
B)  1984 
C)  1991 
D)  1976

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT true of positron emission tomography (PET)?

Accepted Answer

A)  It replaced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) because it was less expensive. 
B)  It shows which areas of the human brain are activated during cognitive activity. 
C)  It provides a lower-resolution image than fMRI. 
D)  It involved injecting radioactive tracers into a person's bloodstream. 
A)  It replaced functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) because it was less expensive. 
B)  It shows which areas of the human brain are activated during cognitive activity. 
C)  It provides a lower-resolution image than fMRI. 
D)  It involved injecting radioactive tracers into a person's bloodstream.

Question 12

As a result of gaps in the behaviorist paradigm, the new cognitive paradigm began to emerge in which decade?

Accepted Answer

A)  1950s 
B)  1930s 
C)  1940s 
D)  1920s 
A)  1950s 
B)  1930s 
C)  1940s 
D)  1920s

Question 13

Describe Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory and how it works. Also, describe Tulving's components of memory and give an example of each component.

Accepted Answer

Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory,

Question 14

Endel Tulving, one of the most prominent early memory researchers, proposed that long-term memory is subdivided into all of the following components EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Short-term memory. 
B)  Procedural memory. 
C)  Episodic memory. 
D)  Semantic memory. 
A)  Short-term memory. 
B)  Procedural memory. 
C)  Episodic memory. 
D)  Semantic memory.

Question 15

Why can we consider Tolman one of the early cognitive psychologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because he used behavior to infer mental processes 
B)  Because of his focus on measuring behavior 
C)  Because he focused on the stimulus-response connections in the rat's mind during his maze experiment 
D)  Because of his interest in operant conditioning 
A)  Because he used behavior to infer mental processes 
B)  Because of his focus on measuring behavior 
C)  Because he focused on the stimulus-response connections in the rat's mind during his maze experiment 
D)  Because of his interest in operant conditioning

Question 16

Who proposed that children's language development was caused by imitation and reinforcement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Noam Chomsky 
B)  John Watson 
C)  Keller Breland 
D)  B. F. Skinner 
A)  Noam Chomsky 
B)  John Watson 
C)  Keller Breland 
D)  B. F. Skinner

Question 17

How is the term mind used in this statement: "When he talks about his encounter with aliens, it sounds like he is out of his mind"?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mind as involved in memory 
B)  The mind as problem solver 
C)  The mind as a healthy mind being associated with normal functioning, a nonfunctioning mind with abnormal functioning. 
D)  The mind as valuable, something that should be used 
A)  The mind as involved in memory 
B)  The mind as problem solver 
C)  The mind as a healthy mind being associated with normal functioning, a nonfunctioning mind with abnormal functioning. 
D)  The mind as valuable, something that should be used

Question 18

According to Ebbinghaus's research on memory, savings is a function of

Accepted Answer

A)  word familiarity. 
B)  sensory modality. 
C)  elapsed time. 
D)  reaction time. 
A)  word familiarity. 
B)  sensory modality. 
C)  elapsed time. 
D)  reaction time.

Question 19

Explain how Donders's and Ebbinghaus's pioneering methods, though very different from each other, allowed for behavior to determine a property of the mind.

Accepted Answer

Donders measured the reaction time which

Question 20

A technique in which trained participants described their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  structuralism. 
B)  analytic introspection. 
C)  sensations. 
D)  cognitive psychology. 
A)  structuralism. 
B)  analytic introspection. 
C)  sensations. 
D)  cognitive psychology.

In Donders's research on human decision making, he found that it took ____________ to decide which of two buttons to push in response to a stimulus.

The relationship between the ____________ is NOT measured directly by cognitive psychologists.

Watson became dissatisfied with the method of analytic introspection in which context?

Which of the following does NOT characterize the information processing (IP) approach to the study of cognition?

Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection?

Donald Broadbent was the first person to develop which of the following?

Regarding children's language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they have never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by

Who founded the first laboratory of scientific psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany?

In which year was positron emission tomography (PET) introduced and made it possible to see which areas of the human brain are activated during cognitive activity?

Which of the following is NOT true of positron emission tomography (PET)?

As a result of gaps in the behaviorist paradigm, the new cognitive paradigm began to emerge in which decade?

Describe Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory and how it works. Also, describe Tulving's components of memory and give an example of each component.

Endel Tulving, one of the most prominent early memory researchers, proposed that long-term memory is subdivided into all of the following components EXCEPT

Why can we consider Tolman one of the early cognitive psychologists?

Who proposed that children's language development was caused by imitation and reinforcement?

How is the term mind used in this statement: "When he talks about his encounter with aliens, it sounds like he is out of his mind"?

According to Ebbinghaus's research on memory, savings is a function of

Explain how Donders's and Ebbinghaus's pioneering methods, though very different from each other, allowed for behavior to determine a property of the mind.

A technique in which trained participants described their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli is known as

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Attention

Short-Term and Working Memory

Long-Term Memory: Structure

Long-Term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation

Everyday Memory and Memory Errors

Conceptual Knowledge

Visual Imagery

Language

Problem Solving

Judgment, Decisions, and Reasoning

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction to Cognitive Psychology

In Donders's research on human decision making, he found that it took ____________ to decide which of two buttons to push in response to a stimulus.

The relationship between the ____________ is NOT measured directly by cognitive psychologists.

Watson became dissatisfied with the method of analytic introspection in which context?

Which of the following does NOT characterize the information processing (IP) approach to the study of cognition?

Which of the following is a criticism of analytic introspection?

Donald Broadbent was the first person to develop which of the following?

Regarding children's language development, Noam Chomsky noted that children generate many sentences they have never heard before. From this, he concluded that language development is driven largely by

Who founded the first laboratory of scientific psychology at the University of Leipzig in Germany?

In which year was positron emission tomography (PET) introduced and made it possible to see which areas of the human brain are activated during cognitive activity?

Which of the following is NOT true of positron emission tomography (PET)?

As a result of gaps in the behaviorist paradigm, the new cognitive paradigm began to emerge in which decade?

Describe Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory and how it works. Also, describe Tulving's components of memory and give an example of each component.

Endel Tulving, one of the most prominent early memory researchers, proposed that long-term memory is subdivided into all of the following components EXCEPT

Why can we consider Tolman one of the early cognitive psychologists?

Who proposed that children's language development was caused by imitation and reinforcement?

How is the term mind used in this statement: "When he talks about his encounter with aliens, it sounds like he is out of his mind"?

According to Ebbinghaus's research on memory, savings is a function of

Explain how Donders's and Ebbinghaus's pioneering methods, though very different from each other, allowed for behavior to determine a property of the mind.

A technique in which trained participants described their experiences and thought processes in response to stimuli is known as

Cognitive Neuroscience

Perception

Attention

Short-Term and Working Memory

Long-Term Memory: Structure

Long-Term Memory: Encoding, Retrieval, and Consolidation

Everyday Memory and Memory Errors

Conceptual Knowledge

Visual Imagery

Language

Problem Solving

Judgment, Decisions, and Reasoning

Filters