Exam 12: B: Assessment and Treatment of Young Offenders

Correct Answer:

Verified

Juvenile Delinquents Act (JDA)
1.A separate court system for youth was established.
2.A minimum age (7 years old)was set for which a child could be charged with a criminal offence.
3.Judges had sentencing discretion and sentencing options increased (e.g.,foster care,fines,and institutionalization).
4.Parents were encouraged to be part of the judicial process.
Young Offenders Act (YOA)
1.Youth are to be held accoun for their actions,however,not to the full extent that adults are.
2.The public has the right to be protected from young offenders.
3.Young offenders have legal rights and freedoms,including those described in the
Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.
4.Children have to be at least 12 years of age to be charged with a criminal offence.
Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)
1.Less serious and less violent offences should be kept out of the formal court process.
2.The number of extrajudical measures is increased.
3.There is a greater focus on prevention and reintegration into the community.
4.Transfers to adult court are removed; instead,youth court judges can impose adult sentences.
5.The interests and needs of victims are recognized.

Correct Answer:

Verified

a.to prevent youth crime b.to provide meaningful consequences and encourage responsibility of behaviour c.to improve rehabilitation and reintegration of youth in the community Students may also include the following: d.keep young offenders out of the court and out of custody

Correct Answer:

Verified

Broadly,children's and youth's emotional and behavioural difficulties can be categorized as internalizing or externalizing problems (Rutter,1990).Internalizing problems are emotional difficulties such as anxiety,depression,and obsessions.Externalizing problems are behavioural difficulties such as delinquency,fighting,bullying,lying,and destructive behaviour.Externalizing problems have been considered more difficult to treat and more likely to have long-term persistence (Ebata,Peterson,& Conger,1990; Robins,1986).Externalizing disorders have been known to be quite s ,though symptoms often peak in teenage years and decrease in the late 20s (Rutter,1995).Males are more likely to have externalizing difficulties than females,with a ratio of about 10:1 (Barkley,1997; Rutter,1990).It should be noted that internalizing problems might co-occur with externalizing difficulties that should also be assessed and treated.