Question 1

Viruses are considered "nonliving" for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that they:

Accepted Answer

A) need a host cell for replication. 
B) are metabolically inert. 
C) possess DNA that can evolve. 
D) do not maintain internal homeostasis. 
E) are not responsive to environmental changes. 
A) need a host cell for replication. 
B) are metabolically inert. 
C) possess DNA that can evolve. 
D) do not maintain internal homeostasis. 
E) are not responsive to environmental changes.

Question 2

When Dictyostelium discoideum transitions from single cells to a multicellular form,which life characteristics are being recruited for the process to occur? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) metabolism 
B) growth 
C) reproduction 
D) evolution 
E) response
F)homeostasis 
A) metabolism 
B) growth 
C) reproduction 
D) evolution 
E) response
F)homeostasis

Question 3

A restriction endonuclease cuts DNA at the sequence ACGT.If we assume that all four bases are equally represented in DNA,what are the odds of this sequence occurring on a DNA strand?

Accepted Answer

A) Roughly every 100 base pairs 
B) Roughly every 250 base pairs 
C) Roughly every 1000 base pairs 
D) Roughly every 10,000 base pairs 
E) Roughly every 20,000 base pairs 
A) Roughly every 100 base pairs 
B) Roughly every 250 base pairs 
C) Roughly every 1000 base pairs 
D) Roughly every 10,000 base pairs 
E) Roughly every 20,000 base pairs

Question 4

Which of the characteristics of life is not displayed by any individual organism?

Accepted Answer

A) metabolism 
B) growth 
C) reproduction 
D) evolution 
E) response
F)homeostasis 
A) metabolism 
B) growth 
C) reproduction 
D) evolution 
E) response
F)homeostasis

Question 5

Which is a macromolecular difference between the Domains Bacteria and Archaea?

Accepted Answer

A) Archaea contain a nucleus and Bacteria do not. 
B) Bacteria contain DNA and Archaea do not. 
C) Bacteria contain a plasma membrane and Archaea do not. 
D) Bacteria cell wall contains peptidoglycan and the Archaea cell wall does not. 
E) Archaea contain multiple types of RNA polymerase and Bacteria has only one type. 
A) Archaea contain a nucleus and Bacteria do not. 
B) Bacteria contain DNA and Archaea do not. 
C) Bacteria contain a plasma membrane and Archaea do not. 
D) Bacteria cell wall contains peptidoglycan and the Archaea cell wall does not. 
E) Archaea contain multiple types of RNA polymerase and Bacteria has only one type.

Question 6

You have found a novel microbe and wish to classify it at the domain level.The new microbe has RNA pol II-like activity,organelles and a proteinaceous cell wall.Which other features are likely displayed by this microbe? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) RNA pol III 
B) Histones 
C) Novel lipid linkages 
D) Single RNA polymerase 
E) Nuclear membrane 
A) RNA pol III 
B) Histones 
C) Novel lipid linkages 
D) Single RNA polymerase 
E) Nuclear membrane

Question 7

When would you speculate that the extinction of most eukaryal life forms without mitochondria would have begun?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.5 billion ybp 
B) 3 billion ybp 
C) 2 billion ybp 
D) 1 billion ybp 
E) 500 million ybp 
A) 3.5 billion ybp 
B) 3 billion ybp 
C) 2 billion ybp 
D) 1 billion ybp 
E) 500 million ybp

Question 8

Which best describes the Cyanobacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) First prokaryote to contain mitochondria. 
B) First appeared on earth about 3.5 billion years ago. 
C) Carry out oxygenic photosynthesis. 
D) Members of the Archaea domain. 
E) A type of eukaryotic algae. 
A) First prokaryote to contain mitochondria. 
B) First appeared on earth about 3.5 billion years ago. 
C) Carry out oxygenic photosynthesis. 
D) Members of the Archaea domain. 
E) A type of eukaryotic algae.

Question 9

Macromolecules that catalyze chemical reactions in the cell are called _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Macromolecules that catalyze chemical reactions in the...

Question 10

During ammonification,microorganisms convert:

Accepted Answer

A) Ammonia to mitrates 
B) Amino acids to ammonia 
C) Ammonia to dinitrogen gas 
D) Dinitrogen gas to ammonia 
E) None is a correct choice 
A) Ammonia to mitrates 
B) Amino acids to ammonia 
C) Ammonia to dinitrogen gas 
D) Dinitrogen gas to ammonia 
E) None is a correct choice

Question 11

Viruses are able to infect all types of cellular life forms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When Dictyostelium discoideum transitions from single cells to a multicellular form,which life characteristics are evident in the multicellular form? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) metabolism 
B) growth 
C) reproduction 
D) evolution 
E) response
F)homeostasis 
A) metabolism 
B) growth 
C) reproduction 
D) evolution 
E) response
F)homeostasis

Question 13

Endospores are structures possessing which of the characteristics of life? (Select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A) metabolism 
B) growth 
C) reproduction 
D) evolution 
E) response
F)homeostasis 
A) metabolism 
B) growth 
C) reproduction 
D) evolution 
E) response
F)homeostasis

Question 14

This early microbiologist used a swan-necked flask to help disprove the Theory of Spontaneous Generation.

Accepted Answer

A) Louis Pasteur 
B) Edward Jenner 
C) Robert Koch 
D) John Tyndall 
E) Anton van Leeuwenhoek 
A) Louis Pasteur 
B) Edward Jenner 
C) Robert Koch 
D) John Tyndall 
E) Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 15

Polypeptides are the most abundant macromolecule in the cell on a dry weight basis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

This early microbiology pioneer developed a set of criteria for linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease.

Accepted Answer

A) Louis Pasteur 
B) Edward Jenner 
C) Robert Koch 
D) John Tyndall 
E) Anton van Leeuwenhoek 
A) Louis Pasteur 
B) Edward Jenner 
C) Robert Koch 
D) John Tyndall 
E) Anton van Leeuwenhoek

Question 17

Microbial nitrogen fixation is the conversion of ammonia into dinitrogen gas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of these is required during aerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A) oxygen 
B) glucose 
C) nitrate 
D) pyruvate 
E) water 
A) oxygen 
B) glucose 
C) nitrate 
D) pyruvate 
E) water

Question 19

Figure B1.1 represents an artist's attempt to illustrate the process of PCR.What is the most significant error you notice in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA strands are not fully denatured 
B) Primers are not annealed 
C) PCR products cannot separate from template DNA 
D) Taq polymerase is not shown in the illustration 
E) dNTPs are not shown in the illustration 
A) DNA strands are not fully denatured 
B) Primers are not annealed 
C) PCR products cannot separate from template DNA 
D) Taq polymerase is not shown in the illustration 
E) dNTPs are not shown in the illustration

Question 20

Which statement below is FALSE concerning the atmosphere of early earth?

Accepted Answer

A) The atmosphere was a reducing atmosphere. 
B) Oxygen was present in very minute amounts. 
C) Carbon dioxide was present in very minute amounts. 
D) Hydrogen gas was present. 
E) Nitrogen gas was present in very large amounts. 
A) The atmosphere was a reducing atmosphere. 
B) Oxygen was present in very minute amounts. 
C) Carbon dioxide was present in very minute amounts. 
D) Hydrogen gas was present. 
E) Nitrogen gas was present in very large amounts.

Exam 1: The Microbial World

Viruses are considered "nonliving" for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that they:

When Dictyostelium discoideum transitions from single cells to a multicellular form,which life characteristics are being recruited for the process to occur? (Select all that apply)

A restriction endonuclease cuts DNA at the sequence ACGT.If we assume that all four bases are equally represented in DNA,what are the odds of this sequence occurring on a DNA strand?

Which of the characteristics of life is not displayed by any individual organism?

Which is a macromolecular difference between the Domains Bacteria and Archaea?

You have found a novel microbe and wish to classify it at the domain level.The new microbe has RNA pol II-like activity,organelles and a proteinaceous cell wall.Which other features are likely displayed by this microbe? (Select all that apply)

When would you speculate that the extinction of most eukaryal life forms without mitochondria would have begun?

Which best describes the Cyanobacteria?

Macromolecules that catalyze chemical reactions in the cell are called _________.

During ammonification,microorganisms convert:

Viruses are able to infect all types of cellular life forms.

When Dictyostelium discoideum transitions from single cells to a multicellular form,which life characteristics are evident in the multicellular form? (Select all that apply)

Endospores are structures possessing which of the characteristics of life? (Select all that apply)

This early microbiologist used a swan-necked flask to help disprove the Theory of Spontaneous Generation.

Polypeptides are the most abundant macromolecule in the cell on a dry weight basis.

This early microbiology pioneer developed a set of criteria for linking a specific microorganism to a specific disease.

Microbial nitrogen fixation is the conversion of ammonia into dinitrogen gas.

Which of these is required during aerobic respiration?

Figure B1.1 represents an artist's attempt to illustrate the process of PCR.What is the most significant error you notice in this figure?

Which statement below is FALSE concerning the atmosphere of early earth?

Bacteria

Eukaryal Microbes

Archaea

Viruses

Cultivating Microorganisms

DNA Replication and Gene Expression

Viral Replication Strategies

Bacterial Genetic Analysis

Microbial Genomics

Regulation of Gene Expression

Microbial Biotechnology

Metabolism

Biogeochemical Cycles

Microbial Ecosystems

The Microbiology of Food and Water

Microbial Symbionts

Introduction to Infectious Diseases

Innate Host Defenses Against Microbial Invasion

Adaptive Immunity

Virulence Factors and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Bacterial Infections

Viral Pathogenesis

Eukaryal Microbe Pathogenesis

Control of Infectious Diseases

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