Question 1

Basic proteins that help to package the DNA in eukaryal cells are called ________.

Accepted Answer

histones

Question 2

Which of these would a signal peptide be used for?

Accepted Answer

A) To regulate translation. 
B) To move a protein to the outside of the cell. 
C) To help a protein fold correctly. 
D) To help regulate the activity of an enzyme. 
E) To initiate DNA replication. 
A) To regulate translation. 
B) To move a protein to the outside of the cell. 
C) To help a protein fold correctly. 
D) To help regulate the activity of an enzyme. 
E) To initiate DNA replication. B

Question 3

In the same bacterial cell,different sigma factors are able to control the expression of large blocks of genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Describe the process of DNA replication initiation in Bacteria.

Accepted Answer

DNA replication initiation in bacteria b

Question 5

Replication of the bacterial chromosome begins at how many locations?

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five 
A) one 
B) two 
C) three 
D) four 
E) five

Question 6

A gene can best be described as a segment of DNA that:

Accepted Answer

A) encodes for a protein. 
B) encodes for a protein or functional RNA. 
C) is transcribed as well as the associated regulatory regions. 
D) encodes for a protein as well as the associated regulatory regions. 
E) is transcribed. 
A) encodes for a protein. 
B) encodes for a protein or functional RNA. 
C) is transcribed as well as the associated regulatory regions. 
D) encodes for a protein as well as the associated regulatory regions. 
E) is transcribed.

Question 7

Transcription termination in eukaryal cells is more complex than in bacterial cells as the RNA molecule undergoes further processing before becoming a functional mRNA.Which of these BEST describes this processing?

Accepted Answer

A) Capping the 3' end with 7-methyl-guanosine,adding a poly-A sequence at the 5' end and removing internal sequences called introns. 
B) Capping the 3' end with 7-methyl-guanosine,adding a poly-A sequence at the 5' end and removing internal sequences called exons. 
C) Capping the 5' end with 7-methyl guanosine,adding a poly-A sequence at the 3' end and removing internal sequences called introns. 
D) Capping the 5' end with 7-methyl-guanosine,adding a poly-A sequence at the 3' end and removing internal sequences called exons. 
E) Capping the 3' end with 7-methyl-guanosine and adding a poly-A sequence at the 3' end. 
A) Capping the 3' end with 7-methyl-guanosine,adding a poly-A sequence at the 5' end and removing internal sequences called introns. 
B) Capping the 3' end with 7-methyl-guanosine,adding a poly-A sequence at the 5' end and removing internal sequences called exons. 
C) Capping the 5' end with 7-methyl guanosine,adding a poly-A sequence at the 3' end and removing internal sequences called introns. 
D) Capping the 5' end with 7-methyl-guanosine,adding a poly-A sequence at the 3' end and removing internal sequences called exons. 
E) Capping the 3' end with 7-methyl-guanosine and adding a poly-A sequence at the 3' end.

Question 8

What is the sigma factor of the RNA polymerase holoenzyme responsible for?

Accepted Answer

A) initiation of transcription 
B) recognition of the promoter region 
C) transcription elongation 
D) transcription termination 
E) ribosome binding 
A) initiation of transcription 
B) recognition of the promoter region 
C) transcription elongation 
D) transcription termination 
E) ribosome binding

Question 9

After the DNA is unwound at the site of DNA replication initiation,what binds to the unwound DNA to prevent it from reannealing?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA gyrase 
B) single-stranded DNA binding protein 
C) DnaA 
D) DNA polymerase 
E) DnaB 
A) DNA gyrase 
B) single-stranded DNA binding protein 
C) DnaA 
D) DNA polymerase 
E) DnaB

Question 10

How do nucleotides connect to adjacent nucleotides in the Watson-Crick model of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Via a covalent bond between the 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide and the 2' deoxy of the other. 
B) Via a hydrogen bond between the nitrogenous base of one nucleotide and the nitrogenous base of the other. 
C) Via a hydrogen bond between the nitrogenous base of one nucleotide and the 5' phosphate of the other. 
D) Via a covalent bond between the 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide and the nitrogenous base of the other. 
E) Via a covalent bond between the 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide and the 5' phosphate of the other. 
A) Via a covalent bond between the 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide and the 2' deoxy of the other. 
B) Via a hydrogen bond between the nitrogenous base of one nucleotide and the nitrogenous base of the other. 
C) Via a hydrogen bond between the nitrogenous base of one nucleotide and the 5' phosphate of the other. 
D) Via a covalent bond between the 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide and the nitrogenous base of the other. 
E) Via a covalent bond between the 3' hydroxyl of one nucleotide and the 5' phosphate of the other.

Question 11

Why is the genetic code considered degenerate?

Accepted Answer

The genetic code is considered degenerat

Question 12

Which of these is a term for a point mutation that results in a change in the amino acid specificity of the codon?

Accepted Answer

A) frameshift 
B) silent 
C) nonsense 
D) missense 
E) amber 
A) frameshift 
B) silent 
C) nonsense 
D) missense 
E) amber

Question 13

The origin of replication site in yeast is called the _____ _______ sequence.

Accepted Answer

autonomous

Question 14

Which of these results from a deletion of base pairs such that the amino acid sequence is disrupted from that point downward?

Accepted Answer

A) transversion mutation 
B) transition mutation 
C) nonsense mutation 
D) missense mutation 
E) frameshift mutation 
A) transversion mutation 
B) transition mutation 
C) nonsense mutation 
D) missense mutation 
E) frameshift mutation

Question 15

Which enzyme is responsible for adding the final bases to the end of a chromosome during DNA replication in eukaryal cells?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polδ 
B) DNA polα 
C) DNA primase B 
D) telomerase 
E) topoisomerase 
A) DNA polδ 
B) DNA polα 
C) DNA primase B 
D) telomerase 
E) topoisomerase

Question 16

After the translational process the polypeptide folds into the appropriate conformation for proper functioning.What group of proteins aids in protein folding?

Accepted Answer

A) proteases 
B) cytokines 
C) chaperonins 
D) peptidases 
E) lipases 
A) proteases 
B) cytokines 
C) chaperonins 
D) peptidases 
E) lipases

Question 17

Which of these best differentiates DNA and RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA is single-stranded and DNA is double stranded. 
B) RNA contains ribose and DNA contains deoxyribose. 
C) RNA contains the base uracil in place of thymine,which is in DNA. 
D) Both a and b are true. 
E) a,b,and c are true. 
A) RNA is single-stranded and DNA is double stranded. 
B) RNA contains ribose and DNA contains deoxyribose. 
C) RNA contains the base uracil in place of thymine,which is in DNA. 
D) Both a and b are true. 
E) a,b,and c are true.

Question 18

The mRNA of bacterial cells is often polycistronic.What does this term mean?

Accepted Answer

A) Tt can be translated more than once. 
B) It contains the code for multiple peptides. 
C) Tt can be translated from either end. 
D) Tt is transcribed from multiple sites on the chromosome. 
E) The translated protein may be modified in different ways. 
A) Tt can be translated more than once. 
B) It contains the code for multiple peptides. 
C) Tt can be translated from either end. 
D) Tt is transcribed from multiple sites on the chromosome. 
E) The translated protein may be modified in different ways.

Question 19

Initiation of translation in bacteria starts with the binding of the 30S ribosomal subunit to the mRNA molecule.The ribosomal binding site is nearer the _________ end of the mRNA molecule and is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A) 3';Pribnow box 
B) 3';Shine-Dalgarno sequence 
C) 3';Rho sequence 
D) 5';Shine-Dalgarno sequence 
E) 5';Rho sequence 
A) 3';Pribnow box 
B) 3';Shine-Dalgarno sequence 
C) 3';Rho sequence 
D) 5';Shine-Dalgarno sequence 
E) 5';Rho sequence

Question 20

Which statement below is FALSE regarding replication of the bacterial chromosome?

Accepted Answer

A) Replication occurs in a bidirectional manner from the origin of replication. 
B) The leading strand is replicated in the 5' to 3' direction and the lagging strand in the 3' to 5' direction. 
C) The primase adds a short RNA primer to serve as a starting point for the DNA polymerase to add new bases. 
D) DNA replication is a semi-conservative process,where one strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a complementary strand. 
E) The incoming nucleotide triphosphate is covalently attached to the free 3' hydroxyl. 
A) Replication occurs in a bidirectional manner from the origin of replication. 
B) The leading strand is replicated in the 5' to 3' direction and the lagging strand in the 3' to 5' direction. 
C) The primase adds a short RNA primer to serve as a starting point for the DNA polymerase to add new bases. 
D) DNA replication is a semi-conservative process,where one strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a complementary strand. 
E) The incoming nucleotide triphosphate is covalently attached to the free 3' hydroxyl.

Exam 7: DNA Replication and Gene Expression

Basic proteins that help to package the DNA in eukaryal cells are called ________.

Which of these would a signal peptide be used for?

In the same bacterial cell,different sigma factors are able to control the expression of large blocks of genes.

Describe the process of DNA replication initiation in Bacteria.

Replication of the bacterial chromosome begins at how many locations?

A gene can best be described as a segment of DNA that:

Transcription termination in eukaryal cells is more complex than in bacterial cells as the RNA molecule undergoes further processing before becoming a functional mRNA.Which of these BEST describes this processing?

What is the sigma factor of the RNA polymerase holoenzyme responsible for?

After the DNA is unwound at the site of DNA replication initiation,what binds to the unwound DNA to prevent it from reannealing?

How do nucleotides connect to adjacent nucleotides in the Watson-Crick model of DNA?

Why is the genetic code considered degenerate?

Which of these is a term for a point mutation that results in a change in the amino acid specificity of the codon?

The origin of replication site in yeast is called the _____ _______ sequence.

Which of these results from a deletion of base pairs such that the amino acid sequence is disrupted from that point downward?

Which enzyme is responsible for adding the final bases to the end of a chromosome during DNA replication in eukaryal cells?

After the translational process the polypeptide folds into the appropriate conformation for proper functioning.What group of proteins aids in protein folding?

Which of these best differentiates DNA and RNA?

The mRNA of bacterial cells is often polycistronic.What does this term mean?

Initiation of translation in bacteria starts with the binding of the 30S ribosomal subunit to the mRNA molecule.The ribosomal binding site is nearer the _________ end of the mRNA molecule and is called the ________.

Which statement below is FALSE regarding replication of the bacterial chromosome?

The Microbial World

Bacteria

Eukaryal Microbes

Archaea

Viruses

Cultivating Microorganisms

Viral Replication Strategies

Bacterial Genetic Analysis

Microbial Genomics

Regulation of Gene Expression

Microbial Biotechnology

Metabolism

Biogeochemical Cycles

Microbial Ecosystems

The Microbiology of Food and Water

Microbial Symbionts

Introduction to Infectious Diseases

Innate Host Defenses Against Microbial Invasion

Adaptive Immunity

Virulence Factors and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Bacterial Infections

Viral Pathogenesis

Eukaryal Microbe Pathogenesis

Control of Infectious Diseases

Filters

The origin of replication site in yeast is called the _ ___ sequence.

Initiation of translation in bacteria starts with the binding of the 30S ribosomal subunit to the mRNA molecule.The ribosomal binding site is nearer the _ end of the mRNA molecule and is called the .