Question 1

For the initiation of transcription in bacteria,RNA polymerase binds to what region on the gene?

Accepted Answer

A) promoter 
B) operator 
C) enhancer region 
D) origin of replication 
E) Shine-Dalgarno sequence 
A) promoter 
B) operator 
C) enhancer region 
D) origin of replication 
E) Shine-Dalgarno sequence

Question 2

Most bacterial promoters consist of two regions: __________ and ___________.

Accepted Answer

A) Pribnow box and operator. 
B) enhancer region and operator. 
C) enhancer region and -35 region. 
D) -35 region and operator. 
E) Pribnow box and -35 region. 
A) Pribnow box and operator. 
B) enhancer region and operator. 
C) enhancer region and -35 region. 
D) -35 region and operator. 
E) Pribnow box and -35 region.

Question 3

The Watson and Crick model showed that in the DNA molecule:

Accepted Answer

A) purines paired with pyrimidines,and the strands align anti-parallel to one another. 
B) purines paired with purines,and the strands align parallel to one another. 
C) purines paired with purines,and the strands align anti-parallel to one another. 
D) purines paired with pyrimidines,and the strands align parallel to one another. 
E) pyrimidines paired with pyrimidines,and the strands align parallel to one another. 
A) purines paired with pyrimidines,and the strands align anti-parallel to one another. 
B) purines paired with purines,and the strands align parallel to one another. 
C) purines paired with purines,and the strands align anti-parallel to one another. 
D) purines paired with pyrimidines,and the strands align parallel to one another. 
E) pyrimidines paired with pyrimidines,and the strands align parallel to one another.

Question 4

In DNA replication nucleotides are always added in the 5' to 3' direction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Messenger RNA (mRNA)can best be described as a molecule that contains the code for a:

Accepted Answer

A) protein. 
B) polypeptide. 
C) protein,rRNA or tRNA. 
D) polypeptide,tRNA,or rRNA. 
E) polypeptide or regulatory RNA. 
A) protein. 
B) polypeptide. 
C) protein,rRNA or tRNA. 
D) polypeptide,tRNA,or rRNA. 
E) polypeptide or regulatory RNA.

Question 6

Which of these is a point mutation that results in changing a codon from an amino acid codon to a stop codon?

Accepted Answer

A) frameshift 
B) silent 
C) nonsense 
D) missense 
E) deletion 
A) frameshift 
B) silent 
C) nonsense 
D) missense 
E) deletion

Question 7

What did the experiment by Fred Griffith in 1928 with the R and S strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA was the genetic material in cells. 
B) R strain phenotype could spontaneously revert to S strain phenotype. 
C) Genetic material from one strain could be transferred to another strain. 
D) The ability of these bacteria to kill mice. 
E) That some strains of Streptococcus were not pathogenic. 
A) DNA was the genetic material in cells. 
B) R strain phenotype could spontaneously revert to S strain phenotype. 
C) Genetic material from one strain could be transferred to another strain. 
D) The ability of these bacteria to kill mice. 
E) That some strains of Streptococcus were not pathogenic.

Question 8

What is the first protein to bind to the oriC region of the DNA molecule to start the replication process?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase 
B) the primase 
C) DnaA 
D) gyrase 
E) DnaI 
A) DNA polymerase 
B) the primase 
C) DnaA 
D) gyrase 
E) DnaI

Question 9

The DNA replication process in Archaea more closely resembles that in Eukarya than in Bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Describe the process of mRNA processing in eukaryal cells.

Accepted Answer

In eukaryotic cells, mRNA processing inv

Question 11

Replication of eukaryal DNA requires RNA primer synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The main differences between Bacteria and Archaea chromosomal DNA when compared to Eukarya chromosomal DNA,is that the Bacteria or Archaea chromosome usually:

Accepted Answer

A) is circular while Eukarya is linear. 
B) is diploid while Eukarya is haploid. 
C) consist of several chromosomes while Eukarya has a single chromosome. 
D) contains the base uracil while Eukarya has thymine in place of uracil. 
E) is found in a non-condensed form while Eukarya DNA is highly condensed and packaged. 
A) is circular while Eukarya is linear. 
B) is diploid while Eukarya is haploid. 
C) consist of several chromosomes while Eukarya has a single chromosome. 
D) contains the base uracil while Eukarya has thymine in place of uracil. 
E) is found in a non-condensed form while Eukarya DNA is highly condensed and packaged.

Question 13

The Shine-Dalgarno sequence on a mRNA is recognized by the __________ of the 30S ribosome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Shine-Dalgarno sequence on a mRNA is...

Question 14

The RNA polymerase in Archaea is more similar to Bacteria RNA polymerase than Eukarya RNA polymerase II.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Term for a special sequence at the end of the chromosome in eukaryal cells.

Accepted Answer

A) a terminator 
B) a centromere 
C) a telomere 
D) an antiorigin. 
E) an enhancer 
A) a terminator 
B) a centromere 
C) a telomere 
D) an antiorigin. 
E) an enhancer

Question 16

What are micro RNAs?

Accepted Answer

A) mRNAs that encode for regulatory proteins 
B) small regulatory RNAs 
C) tRNAs 
D) rRNAs 
E) small mRNAs 
A) mRNAs that encode for regulatory proteins 
B) small regulatory RNAs 
C) tRNAs 
D) rRNAs 
E) small mRNAs

Question 17

The site on the DNA molecule that is recognized by the sigma subunit of the RNA polymerase for binding to start transcription is called the _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The site on the DNA molecule that...

Question 18

What did the experiment by Avery,MacLeod,and McCarty in 1944 with the R and S strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA was the genetic material in cells. 
B) R strain phenotype could spontaneously revert to S strain phenotype. 
C) Genetic material from one strain could be transferred to another strain. 
D) The ability of these bacteria to kill mice. 
E) That some strains of Streptococcus were not pathogenic. 
A) DNA was the genetic material in cells. 
B) R strain phenotype could spontaneously revert to S strain phenotype. 
C) Genetic material from one strain could be transferred to another strain. 
D) The ability of these bacteria to kill mice. 
E) That some strains of Streptococcus were not pathogenic.

Question 19

The -10 element of the bacterial promoter is also referred to as the _______ _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The -10 element of the bacterial promoter...

Question 20

What is a codon?

Accepted Answer

A) Four bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 3' to 5' direction. 
B) Four bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 5' to 3' direction. 
C) Three bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 3' to 5' direction. 
D) Three bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 5' to 3' direction. 
E) Two bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 5' to 3' direction. 
A) Four bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 3' to 5' direction. 
B) Four bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 5' to 3' direction. 
C) Three bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 3' to 5' direction. 
D) Three bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 5' to 3' direction. 
E) Two bases on the mRNA that is read by the ribosome in the 5' to 3' direction.

Exam 7: DNA Replication and Gene Expression

For the initiation of transcription in bacteria,RNA polymerase binds to what region on the gene?

Most bacterial promoters consist of two regions: __________ and ___________.

The Watson and Crick model showed that in the DNA molecule:

In DNA replication nucleotides are always added in the 5' to 3' direction.

Messenger RNA (mRNA)can best be described as a molecule that contains the code for a:

Which of these is a point mutation that results in changing a codon from an amino acid codon to a stop codon?

What did the experiment by Fred Griffith in 1928 with the R and S strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrate?

What is the first protein to bind to the oriC region of the DNA molecule to start the replication process?

The DNA replication process in Archaea more closely resembles that in Eukarya than in Bacteria.

Describe the process of mRNA processing in eukaryal cells.

Replication of eukaryal DNA requires RNA primer synthesis.

The main differences between Bacteria and Archaea chromosomal DNA when compared to Eukarya chromosomal DNA,is that the Bacteria or Archaea chromosome usually:

The Shine-Dalgarno sequence on a mRNA is recognized by the __________ of the 30S ribosome.

The RNA polymerase in Archaea is more similar to Bacteria RNA polymerase than Eukarya RNA polymerase II.

Term for a special sequence at the end of the chromosome in eukaryal cells.

What are micro RNAs?

The site on the DNA molecule that is recognized by the sigma subunit of the RNA polymerase for binding to start transcription is called the _________.

What did the experiment by Avery,MacLeod,and McCarty in 1944 with the R and S strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae demonstrate?

The -10 element of the bacterial promoter is also referred to as the _______ _____.

What is a codon?

The Microbial World

Bacteria

Eukaryal Microbes

Archaea

Viruses

Cultivating Microorganisms

Viral Replication Strategies

Bacterial Genetic Analysis

Microbial Genomics

Regulation of Gene Expression

Microbial Biotechnology

Metabolism

Biogeochemical Cycles

Microbial Ecosystems

The Microbiology of Food and Water

Microbial Symbionts

Introduction to Infectious Diseases

Innate Host Defenses Against Microbial Invasion

Adaptive Immunity

Virulence Factors and Pathogenic Mechanisms of Bacterial Infections

Viral Pathogenesis

Eukaryal Microbe Pathogenesis

Control of Infectious Diseases

Filters

Most bacterial promoters consist of two regions: and _.

The -10 element of the bacterial promoter is also referred to as the ___ _.