Question 1

Nitrogen fixation is the reduction of _______ to ammonia for cell use.

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrate 
B)  nitrite 
C)  hydroxylamine 
D)  dinitrogen 
E)  nitric oxide 
A)  nitrate 
B)  nitrite 
C)  hydroxylamine 
D)  dinitrogen 
E)  nitric oxide

Question 2

How many NET molecules of ATP are produced during the Embden-Meyerhof pathway of glycolysis for every molecule of glucose that is converted into two molecules of pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six 
E)  ten 
A)  one 
B)  two 
C)  four 
D)  six 
E)  ten

Question 3

How do enzymes increase the rate of a biochemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  By lowering the activation energy. 
B)  By increasing the standard free energy. 
C)  By lowering the standard free energy. 
D)  By increasing the activation energy. 
E)  By lowering the reduction potential. 
A)  By lowering the activation energy. 
B)  By increasing the standard free energy. 
C)  By lowering the standard free energy. 
D)  By increasing the activation energy. 
E)  By lowering the reduction potential.

Question 4

Distinguish between anaerobic respiration and fermentation.

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic respiration and fermentation a

Question 5

A reaction that has a negative ΔG°' is exergonic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Distinguish between substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.

Accepted Answer

Substrate-level phosphorylation and oxid

Question 7

Which of these is an example of a coenzyme?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucose 
B)  iron 
C)  NAD⁺ 
D)  cytochrome c 
E)  a kinase 
A)  glucose 
B)  iron 
C)  NAD⁺ 
D)  cytochrome c 
E)  a kinase

Question 8

Anaerobic respiration is the same metabolic process as fermentation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Organism that use light as energy sources are called _____________.

Accepted Answer

phototroph

Question 10

The standard reduction potential (E₀')for ferredoxin (Fdₒₓ/Fdᵣₑd)is (-0.43 V).Based on this,which of these would you expect to be true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxidized ferredoxin to be a good electron donor. 
B)  Oxidized ferredoxin to be a good electron acceptor. 
C)  Reduced ferredoxin to be a good electron donor. 
D)  Reduced ferredoxin to be a good electron acceptor. 
E)  Cannot be determined without knowledge of the other reactant. 
A)  Oxidized ferredoxin to be a good electron donor. 
B)  Oxidized ferredoxin to be a good electron acceptor. 
C)  Reduced ferredoxin to be a good electron donor. 
D)  Reduced ferredoxin to be a good electron acceptor. 
E)  Cannot be determined without knowledge of the other reactant.

Question 11

The starting intermediate for the synthesis of the amino acid glutamate is α-ketoglutarate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

When oxygen reacts with hydrogen gas,water is produced as the product in this oxidation-reduction reaction.Hydrogen donates electrons to oxygen in the reaction.Which statement below is true about this reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen is oxidized to water. 
B)  Oxygen is being reduced in the reaction. 
C)  Hydrogen is being reduced in the reaction. 
D)  The electron donor in this reaction is reduced. 
E)  The electron acceptor in this reaction is oxidized. 
A)  Oxygen is oxidized to water. 
B)  Oxygen is being reduced in the reaction. 
C)  Hydrogen is being reduced in the reaction. 
D)  The electron donor in this reaction is reduced. 
E)  The electron acceptor in this reaction is oxidized.

Question 13

Most of the electrons that are donated to the electron transport chain by intermediate electron carriers are derived from oxidation/reduction reactions in glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following would NOT be appropriate as a terminal electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrate (NO₃⁻) 
B)  sulfate (SO₄²⁻) 
C)  sulfur (S⁰) 
D)  ferric iron (Fe³⁺) 
E)  hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) 
A)  nitrate (NO₃⁻) 
B)  sulfate (SO₄²⁻) 
C)  sulfur (S⁰) 
D)  ferric iron (Fe³⁺) 
E)  hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)

Question 15

Where is the reaction center of photosystems located?

Accepted Answer

A)  In the cytoplasm. 
B)  In the periplasmic space. 
C)  Within a biological membrane. 
D)  Either in the cytoplasm or within a membrane. 
E)  Within the cell wall. 
A)  In the cytoplasm. 
B)  In the periplasmic space. 
C)  Within a biological membrane. 
D)  Either in the cytoplasm or within a membrane. 
E)  Within the cell wall.

Question 16

Enzymes that break down proteins into individual amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A)  amylases 
B)  proteases 
C)  reductases 
D)  dehydrogenases 
E)  lipases 
A)  amylases 
B)  proteases 
C)  reductases 
D)  dehydrogenases 
E)  lipases

Question 17

The β-oxidation pathway is used for the breakdown of nucleotides for use as carbon source.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

What is the chromophore of the chlorophyll molecule composed of?

Accepted Answer

A)  A carotenoid molecule with an atom of iron in the center. 
B)  A porphyrin molecule with an atom of iron in the center. 
C)  A phycoerythrin with an atom of iron in the center. 
D)  A porphyrin molecule with an atom of magnesium in the center. 
E)  A phycoerythrin molecule with an atom of magnesium in the center. 
A)  A carotenoid molecule with an atom of iron in the center. 
B)  A porphyrin molecule with an atom of iron in the center. 
C)  A phycoerythrin with an atom of iron in the center. 
D)  A porphyrin molecule with an atom of magnesium in the center. 
E)  A phycoerythrin molecule with an atom of magnesium in the center.

Question 19

Fermentation can most accurately be described by which of these?

Accepted Answer

A)  The reoxidation of NADH by an electron transport chain. 
B)  A process that occurs in the absence of oxygen. 
C)  An energy producing process found in all anaerobes. 
D)  The direct reoxidation of NADH by an internal organic molecule. 
E)  The use of a terminal electron acceptor other than oxygen. 
A)  The reoxidation of NADH by an electron transport chain. 
B)  A process that occurs in the absence of oxygen. 
C)  An energy producing process found in all anaerobes. 
D)  The direct reoxidation of NADH by an internal organic molecule. 
E)  The use of a terminal electron acceptor other than oxygen.

Question 20

How is ATP generated during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Substrate-level phosphorylation. 
B)  A proton motive force driven ATP synthase. 
C)  Electron driven NADPH synthase. 
D)  Carbon dioxide fixation. 
E)  Chlorophyll a. 
A)  Substrate-level phosphorylation. 
B)  A proton motive force driven ATP synthase. 
C)  Electron driven NADPH synthase. 
D)  Carbon dioxide fixation. 
E)  Chlorophyll a.

Exam 13: Metabolism

Nitrogen fixation is the reduction of _______ to ammonia for cell use.

How many NET molecules of ATP are produced during the Embden-Meyerhof pathway of glycolysis for every molecule of glucose that is converted into two molecules of pyruvate?

How do enzymes increase the rate of a biochemical reaction?

Distinguish between anaerobic respiration and fermentation.

A reaction that has a negative ΔG°' is exergonic.

Distinguish between substrate-level phosphorylation and oxidative phosphorylation.

Which of these is an example of a coenzyme?

Anaerobic respiration is the same metabolic process as fermentation.

Organism that use light as energy sources are called _____________.

The standard reduction potential (E₀')for ferredoxin (Fdₒₓ/Fdᵣₑd)is (-0.43 V).Based on this,which of these would you expect to be true?

The starting intermediate for the synthesis of the amino acid glutamate is α-ketoglutarate.

When oxygen reacts with hydrogen gas,water is produced as the product in this oxidation-reduction reaction.Hydrogen donates electrons to oxygen in the reaction.Which statement below is true about this reaction?

Most of the electrons that are donated to the electron transport chain by intermediate electron carriers are derived from oxidation/reduction reactions in glycolysis.

Which of the following would NOT be appropriate as a terminal electron acceptor during anaerobic respiration?

Where is the reaction center of photosystems located?

Enzymes that break down proteins into individual amino acids.

The β-oxidation pathway is used for the breakdown of nucleotides for use as carbon source.

What is the chromophore of the chlorophyll molecule composed of?

Fermentation can most accurately be described by which of these?

How is ATP generated during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?

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