Exam 8: Vitamins Required for Calcified Structures

Each of the following is true of rickets except one. Which one is the exception?

Each of the following is true of vitamin requirements and deficiencies except one. Which one is the exception?

Vitamin K is derived from bacterial flora and microflora in the gut. Dietary sources of vitamin K are solely green leafy vegetables and meats.

Each of the following is a form of vitamin K except one. Which one is the exception?

Dental hygienists should advocate that fortified foods and vitamin supplements be used judiciously because chronic use in excess of the RDA can result in severe, life-threatening liver damage.

Antioxidants prevent cell membrane damage by free radicals that are produced by cells and tissue using free oxygen. Research conclusively documents that the antioxidant beta-carotene is effective in preventing cancer.

It is postulated that vitamin D deficiency is linked to enamel hypoplasia and dental decay because deficiency in vitamin D results in deep narrow occlusal grooves.

Each of the following is accurate regarding the relation of vitamin D to sun exposure except one. Which one is the exception?

Alopecia, diplopia, and increased activity of osteoclasts are most associated with an excess of which vitamin?

Although vitamins are synthesized during metabolic processes, they also must be obtained through external sources because vitamins cannot be produced in adequate amounts to meet body needs.

Each of the following is a physiologic role of vitamin D except one. Which one is the exception?

During early tooth development, vitamin A deficiency leads to enamel hypoplasia and defective dentin formation. Because of its effect on soft tissues and bone, vitamin A contributes to normal spacing of teeth.

A restriction of dietary vitamin K can alter clotting factors because synthesis of vitamin K by intestinal flora supplies less than 10% of the body's requirement.

Vitamin D deficiency in adults is called osteomalacia. Each of the following is true of osteomalacia except one. Which one is the exception?

Each of the following is true of vitamin K except one. Which one is the exception?

Calcitonin, a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland, helps regulate mineralization of bones and teeth. Without adequate levels of vitamin C, calcitonin cannot regulate blood calcium and phosphorus levels.

For patients with osteomalacia, a healthcare provider may recommend a vitamin D supplement to increase calcium absorption. However, for women of childbearing age, supplementations should be minimized because of interference with hormonal balances.

Studies suggest that leukoplakia is caused by excess vitamin A (a fat-soluble vitamin), retinoids, and beta-carotene. Leukoplakia is an erythematous lesion that appears on the lateral borders of the tongue.

Each of the following is a function of vitamin A except one. Which one is the exception?

Although limited amounts of vitamin K are stored in the body, a shortage of vitamin K is unlikely because like vitamin D it is provided by sunlight.