Exam 4: Carbohydrate: the Efficient Fuel

A patient would like to increase glycogen stores. Which food could you suggest?

Which consumption pattern of fermentable carbohydrate is considered most cariogenic?

Each of the following statements describes aspect of ketosis except one. Which one is the exception?

For individuals with diabetes, a blood glucose level before meals that is greater than 130 mg/dL is considered hypoglycemic. A blood glucose level that is less than 70 mg/dL is hyperglycemia.

Glycogen, also known as cellulose, is the carbohydrate storage form of energy in humans. Large reserves of glycogen are stored in the kidney and liver as adipose tissue.

MyPlate includes a separate section for sugars because high sugar consumption equates with a poor quality diet.

The most significant dietary influence on the development of dental caries is:

Nonessential amino acids are produced by the liver. Portions of the carbon framework from the sugar molecule and oxidized fats are utilized in this process.

Each of the following is true of polysaccharides except one. Which one is the exception?

Which carbohydrate is the least cariogenic?

Vegetables such as lettuce, celery, and broccoli have the potential to cause acid production or demineralization of enamel because they contain carbohydrate.

Sucrose, lactose, and fructose can be metabolized by bacterial plaque. Fructose, also known as levulose and found naturally in honey, is less cariogenic than sucrose and lactose.

Which of the following factors is least likely to influence the cariogenic potential of food?

Carbohydrates are referred to as protein-derived because their most efficient function is conversion of protein to monosaccharide for utilization as an energy source.

High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) has been used primarily in carbonate beverages and fruit preparations because sugar alcohols are thought to decrease the risk of dental caries.

Carbohydrate metabolism requires an adequate supply of B vitamins and two minerals-calcium and magnesium. Usually, adequate amounts of nutrients accompany carbohydrate intake except when refined sugars and breads are the predominant choices.

Sucrose, lactose, and fructose can result in demineralization of tooth enamel because they rapidly diffuse into plaque biofilm and raise pH levels.

Which one of the following provides the most fructose?

Which of the following foods provides the most fiber?

Which of the following is least likely to be found free in nature?