Question 1

_____ smiling occurs where the infant smiles upon seeing or hearing the mother or father.

Accepted Answer

A)  Social 
B)  Selective 
C)  Reflex 
A)  Social 
B)  Selective 
C)  Reflex A

Question 2

A Wechsler intelligence test score of _____ is considered average.

Accepted Answer

A)  50 
B)  100 
C)  150 
D)  200 
A)  50 
B)  100 
C)  150 
D)  200 B

Question 3

Explain the four approaches provided in the text for evaluating theory.

Accepted Answer

The four approaches provided in the text for evaluating theory are:

1. Logical consistency: This approach evaluates the theory based on its internal coherence and logical consistency. It examines whether the theory's concepts, assumptions, and propositions are logically connected and make sense within the framework of the theory.

2. Empirical validity: This approach assesses the theory's empirical validity by examining whether the theory's propositions and predictions are supported by empirical evidence. It looks at whether the theory has been tested and validated through empirical research.

3. Scope: This approach evaluates the theory based on its scope, or the range of phenomena it can explain. It examines whether the theory is broad enough to explain a wide range of phenomena or if it is limited in its applicability.

4. Parsimony: This approach assesses the theory's parsimony, or simplicity. It examines whether the theory is simple and straightforward, using the fewest assumptions and concepts necessary to explain the phenomena it addresses.

These four approaches provide a comprehensive framework for evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of a theory, helping researchers and scholars determine its usefulness and applicability in their work.

Question 4

The criticisms of Vygotsky's theory include which of the following:

Accepted Answer

A)  It does not allow for appreciation of diverse cultures 
B)  His emphasis on the biological side of development led him to neglect culture and social experience 
C)  Collaborative problem solving among peers may actually undermine task performance if the more competent collaborator is not very confident 
D)  He placed more emphasis on children's capacity to shape their own development than other theorists 
A)  It does not allow for appreciation of diverse cultures 
B)  His emphasis on the biological side of development led him to neglect culture and social experience 
C)  Collaborative problem solving among peers may actually undermine task performance if the more competent collaborator is not very confident 
D)  He placed more emphasis on children's capacity to shape their own development than other theorists

Question 5

In sublimation,a person escapes psychic pain associated with reality by unconsciously rejecting reality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Sternberg's "experiential" element of intelligence involves the practical aspect of how people actually adapt to their environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Public social services policies for people with disabilities are unlikely to allow consumer-directed options.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Giving children with learning disabilities tasks that they can accomplish helps them to develop faith in themselves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Vygotsky's _____ is the difference between what a learner can accomplish independently and what he or she can accomplish with the guidance and encouragement of a more skilled partner.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dialectical thinking 
B)  Post-formal thought 
C)  Period of concrete operations 
D)  Zone of proximal development 
A)  Dialectical thinking 
B)  Post-formal thought 
C)  Period of concrete operations 
D)  Zone of proximal development

Question 10

Repression was thought by Freud to be the defense mechanism through which a person escapes psychic pain associated with reality by unconsciously rejecting reality.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

In feminist theories,an example of the principle of _____ would be acknowledging and appreciating a balance of traits for each male and female as an individual.

Accepted Answer

A)  Rethinking knowledge 
B)  The personal is political 
C)  Elimination of false dichotomies 
D)  Valuing process equally with product 
A)  Rethinking knowledge 
B)  The personal is political 
C)  Elimination of false dichotomies 
D)  Valuing process equally with product

Question 12

The All Handicapped Children Act has evolved into the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Harter's research of elementary-school children found that the most significant variable contributing to self-esteem was how much positive regard children felt from people around them.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

All of the following were discussed in the text regarding evaluation of theory except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Evaluate the extent to which the theory coincides with social work values and ethics 
B)  Evaluate the existence and validity of other comparable theories 
C)  Evaluate the theory's application to client situations 
D)  Evaluate the extent to which the theory coincides with your expectations 
A)  Evaluate the extent to which the theory coincides with social work values and ethics 
B)  Evaluate the existence and validity of other comparable theories 
C)  Evaluate the theory's application to client situations 
D)  Evaluate the extent to which the theory coincides with your expectations

Question 15

During the preoperational-thought period,obstacles to logical thinking include egocentrism,seriation,irreversibility,and centration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A culture-free IQ test has recently been devised.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is used to define intellectual disabilities:

Accepted Answer

A)  Achieving a score of 80 to 90 in general functioning on IQ tests 
B)  Impairment in adaptive functioning 
C)  Must manifest itself before age eight 
A)  Achieving a score of 80 to 90 in general functioning on IQ tests 
B)  Impairment in adaptive functioning 
C)  Must manifest itself before age eight

Question 18

It is often difficult to identify learning disabilities at first because the children function normally in other areas.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Conservation refers to a child's ability to grasp the idea that,while one aspect of a substance remains the same,another aspect of that same substance can be changed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Freud would say that the _____ portion of the mind tells a person who finds a $10 bill blowing around a parking lot to return it to the "Lost and Found" department of the nearest store.

Accepted Answer

A)  Id 
B)  Ego 
C)  Unconscious 
D)  Superego 
A)  Id 
B)  Ego 
C)  Unconscious 
D)  Superego

_____ smiling occurs where the infant smiles upon seeing or hearing the mother or father.

A Wechsler intelligence test score of _____ is considered average.

Explain the four approaches provided in the text for evaluating theory.

The criticisms of Vygotsky's theory include which of the following:

In sublimation,a person escapes psychic pain associated with reality by unconsciously rejecting reality.

Sternberg's "experiential" element of intelligence involves the practical aspect of how people actually adapt to their environment.

Public social services policies for people with disabilities are unlikely to allow consumer-directed options.

Giving children with learning disabilities tasks that they can accomplish helps them to develop faith in themselves.

Vygotsky's _____ is the difference between what a learner can accomplish independently and what he or she can accomplish with the guidance and encouragement of a more skilled partner.

Repression was thought by Freud to be the defense mechanism through which a person escapes psychic pain associated with reality by unconsciously rejecting reality.

In feminist theories,an example of the principle of _____ would be acknowledging and appreciating a balance of traits for each male and female as an individual.

The All Handicapped Children Act has evolved into the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act.

Harter's research of elementary-school children found that the most significant variable contributing to self-esteem was how much positive regard children felt from people around them.

All of the following were discussed in the text regarding evaluation of theory except:

During the preoperational-thought period,obstacles to logical thinking include egocentrism,seriation,irreversibility,and centration.

A culture-free IQ test has recently been devised.

Which of the following is used to define intellectual disabilities:

It is often difficult to identify learning disabilities at first because the children function normally in other areas.

Conservation refers to a child's ability to grasp the idea that,while one aspect of a substance remains the same,another aspect of that same substance can be changed.

Freud would say that the _____ portion of the mind tells a person who finds a $10 bill blowing around a parking lot to return it to the "Lost and Found" department of the nearest store.

Introduction to Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Biological Development in Infancy and Childhood

Social Development in Infancy and Childhood

Ethnocentrism and Racism

Biological Development in Adolescence

Psychological Development in Adolescence

Social Development in Adolescence

Gender,Gender Identity,Gender Expression,and Sexism

Biological Aspects of Young and Middle Adulthood

Psychological Aspects of Young and Middle Adulthood

Sociological Aspects of Young and Middle Adulthood

Sexual Orientation

Biological Aspects of Later Adulthood

Psychological Aspects of Later Adulthood

Sociological Aspects of Later Adulthood

Filters

Exam 3: Psychological Development in Infancy and Childhood

_____ smiling occurs where the infant smiles upon seeing or hearing the mother or father.

A Wechsler intelligence test score of _____ is considered average.

Explain the four approaches provided in the text for evaluating theory.

The criticisms of Vygotsky's theory include which of the following:

In sublimation,a person escapes psychic pain associated with reality by unconsciously rejecting reality.

Sternberg's "experiential" element of intelligence involves the practical aspect of how people actually adapt to their environment.

Public social services policies for people with disabilities are unlikely to allow consumer-directed options.

Giving children with learning disabilities tasks that they can accomplish helps them to develop faith in themselves.

Vygotsky's _____ is the difference between what a learner can accomplish independently and what he or she can accomplish with the guidance and encouragement of a more skilled partner.

Repression was thought by Freud to be the defense mechanism through which a person escapes psychic pain associated with reality by unconsciously rejecting reality.

In feminist theories,an example of the principle of _____ would be acknowledging and appreciating a balance of traits for each male and female as an individual.

The All Handicapped Children Act has evolved into the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act.

Harter's research of elementary-school children found that the most significant variable contributing to self-esteem was how much positive regard children felt from people around them.

All of the following were discussed in the text regarding evaluation of theory except:

During the preoperational-thought period,obstacles to logical thinking include egocentrism,seriation,irreversibility,and centration.

A culture-free IQ test has recently been devised.

Which of the following is used to define intellectual disabilities:

It is often difficult to identify learning disabilities at first because the children function normally in other areas.

Conservation refers to a child's ability to grasp the idea that,while one aspect of a substance remains the same,another aspect of that same substance can be changed.

Freud would say that the _____ portion of the mind tells a person who finds a $10 bill blowing around a parking lot to return it to the "Lost and Found" department of the nearest store.

Introduction to Human Behavior and the Social Environment

Biological Development in Infancy and Childhood

Social Development in Infancy and Childhood

Ethnocentrism and Racism

Biological Development in Adolescence

Psychological Development in Adolescence

Social Development in Adolescence

Gender,Gender Identity,Gender Expression,and Sexism

Biological Aspects of Young and Middle Adulthood

Psychological Aspects of Young and Middle Adulthood

Sociological Aspects of Young and Middle Adulthood

Sexual Orientation

Biological Aspects of Later Adulthood

Psychological Aspects of Later Adulthood

Sociological Aspects of Later Adulthood

Filters