Exam 13: Correlation Research

Exhibit 13-1: Identify the kind of correlation appropriate for use in solving each of the following problems. -Refer to Exhibit 13-1.To find the relationship between SAT scores and GPA in college.

The "standard error of estimate" refers to the variability of

In a correlational study, a researcher obtained a very small (.10), but statistically significant, correlation coefficient between two variables.The researcher most likely would report that

The appropriate statistic used to find the relationship between teachers' rankings of students' leadership ability and their rankings of students' communication skills is

Exhibit 13-8.Among the considerations for assessing the utility of a correlation are: absolute size and predictive validity, comparisons to other correlations, and statistical significance.Choose the appropriate consideration to answer each of the following questions. -Refer to Exhibit 13-8.In which would one calculate the coefficient of determination?

For n = 1,000 the computed r between X and Y is r = .45.If n were increased to 4,000 from the same population, the r would probably be

The most useful correlational technique to use when one wants to test a causal hypothesis is

The best prediction using a multiple regression equation will occur when each predictor has a correlation with the other independent variables, and a correlation with the dependent variable.

How do the Pearson's r, the Spearman Rho and the Phi coefficients differ?

What is the best way for a researcher, in an exploratory study, to show the correlations among all the variables?

The standard error of estimate is equal to the standard deviation of Y scores when the

A predictor variable is most likely to receive a large regression weight in a multiple regression analysis if

The standard error of estimate is equal to zero only if the

The prediction of Y from Variable X would be least accurate when the correlation between X and Y is

Exhibit 13-8.Among the considerations for assessing the utility of a correlation are: absolute size and predictive validity, comparisons to other correlations, and statistical significance.Choose the appropriate consideration to answer each of the following questions. -Refer to Exhibit 13-8.In which would you employ Cohen's conventions?

Exhibit 13-7: Choose the index of correlation appropriate for use in each of the following. Exhibit -Refer to Exhibit 13-7.Aptitude test scores and GPA

Exhibit 13-3: Compare the following coefficients of correlation and their corresponding Ns, then answer the questions.Notice that all correlation values are statistically significant. -Refer to Exhibit 13-3.Which coefficient of correlation permits more accurate prediction of one variable from the other?

Research has shown that high school students' scores on the SAT correlate .40 with college freshman grades.Assuming that only half of the students who took the SAT were admitted to a given college, what would you estimate the correlation to be between their SAT scores and freshman grades?

It is appropriate to use "dummy variables" in multiple regression when

A researcher correlated achievement test scores in mathematics and science, but later learned that the tests were too easy for the students.The outcome of the correlational analysis will be