Exam 15: Classroom Assessment, Grading, and Standardized Testing

The basic difference between rating scales and scoring rubrics is that

When using high-stakes tests,teachers should be careful not to use the content standards of the local district.

Define and distinguish between reliability and validity.Is it necessary for a test to be valid in order for it to be reliable? Is it necessary for a test to be reliable in order for it to be valid? Explain your decisions.

In a normal distribution,which one of the following measures of central tendency will have the highest value?

When critical decisions are made from test scores,the process is called ________ testing.

Exhibitions differ from portfolios because exhibitions

Multiple-choice questions may be used to test higher-level objectives.

A grade-equivalent score of 8.3 means that a student is capable of performing as well as an average eighth grader in the third month of school.

"We will have weekly quizzes,but your final grade will be based only on the midterm and final exam." This decision implies that the quizzes are to be used for what type of evaluation?

On five tests that involve different numbers of items,Bill's total raw score was 430,and Diane's total raw score was 440.Under what type of grading system is the possibility greatest that Bill could earn an A and Diane only a B?

Students from minority groups in deprived socioeconomic backgrounds who have taken culture-fair tests have generally performed

Julie looked over her paper.She had a C- in spite of the fact that she tried as hard as she could to write an innovative paper.There did not seem to be any marks for mechanical errors on the paper.When she questioned her teacher about the grade,he told her,"You did not write your review of the story in the same way as the other students." The LEAST likely result of the teacher's actions will be to

A popular grading system to use for combining grades from many assignments is to use

When individual differences in achievement are to be reported,a norm-referenced grading system is appropriate.

Use this information for the following question.The following descriptive statistics are given for an educational psychology examination administered to 323 students (N).There were 60 multiple-choice items (k)on this test.The items in this set are classified as Use of Knowledge (U)items. Descriptive Statistics -The validity of this test is relatively strong.

Howard Williams teaches a college course in educational foundations to preservice teachers.The course is intended to expose students to the historical roots of education,key philosophers,and current issues in teaching and education.90 percent of students' grades in his course are determined by a midterm and a final exam,both consisting of 75 multiple-choice questions.The remaining 10 percent is attendance.One question on the midterm,for example,was: "The first normal school in Tennessee was established in ." followed by four alternatives.A question on the final was: "The philosopher identified with the progressive movement was ..."' followed by four alternatives.When asked about the course after they had graduated,students often described it as "well taught,but meaningless." -Given that Dr.Williams will probably continue to use at least some multiple-choice testing,suggest some guidelines regarding when and how to use this testing format.Specifically,what objectives should multiple-choice questions test? How should items be constructed to improve their content validity for course objectives?

The connection between validity and reliability can be best expressed by the statement that validity

The spread of scores around the mean is the ________.

When you write multiple-choice items,you should use

An angry parent corners Mr.Watson,the assistant principal of Cummings Elementary School,in the hallway."Look at Jennifer's State Achievement scores," the mother said."I had asked at the beginning of the year that Jennifer should skip seventh grade and be put into the eighth grade.These scores tell me that I was right." Mr.Watson examines the scores and sees the following: Jennifer Smith 7th Grade: November 13,1997 -Interpret Jennifer's T-score of 60.Based on normal curve properties,what is her approximate percentile rank? Describe how you determined her percentile rank.