Question 1

The collagen triple-helix domain is NOT:

Accepted Answer

A) rich in glycine. 
B) an α helix. 
C) rich in proline. 
D) rich in hydroxyproline. 
A) rich in glycine. 
B) an α helix. 
C) rich in proline. 
D) rich in hydroxyproline.

Question 2

What is the function of a gap junction?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions are communicating junction

Question 3

A tight junction is made up of which of the following proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) tricellulin 
B) occludin 
C) claudin 
D) all of the above 
A) tricellulin 
B) occludin 
C) claudin 
D) all of the above

Question 4

Polymerization of collagen into large collagen fibers occurs:

Accepted Answer

A) in the endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) in the Golgi complex. 
C) in secretory vesicles. 
D) extracellularly. 
A) in the endoplasmic reticulum. 
B) in the Golgi complex. 
C) in secretory vesicles. 
D) extracellularly.

Question 5

Multiadhesive matrix proteins form adhesive bridges between what components or structures?

Accepted Answer

Multiadhesive matrix proteins link cell-

Question 6

What effect might an injection of RGD peptide have on tumor cells moving through the blood/lymph system?

Accepted Answer

A) block cell attachment to new tissue and therefore prevent metastasis 
B) encourage clumping of cancer cells for removal by the immune system 
C) promote tumor cell binding to platelets and potentially lead to a fatal clot 
D) block integrin-mediated cell cycle progression 
A) block cell attachment to new tissue and therefore prevent metastasis 
B) encourage clumping of cancer cells for removal by the immune system 
C) promote tumor cell binding to platelets and potentially lead to a fatal clot 
D) block integrin-mediated cell cycle progression

Question 7

The functions of the extracellular matrix include:

Accepted Answer

A) supporting differentiation. 
B) inducing morphogenesis. 
C) binding growth hormones. 
D) all of the above 
A) supporting differentiation. 
B) inducing morphogenesis. 
C) binding growth hormones. 
D) all of the above

Question 8

Proteoglycans are:

Accepted Answer

A) located exclusively at the cell surface. 
B) located exclusively in the extracellular matrix. 
C) highly positively charged. 
D) glycoproteins that contain glycosaminoglycans. 
A) located exclusively at the cell surface. 
B) located exclusively in the extracellular matrix. 
C) highly positively charged. 
D) glycoproteins that contain glycosaminoglycans.

Question 9

Biological roles of proteoglycans and hyaluronan include all of the following,except:

Accepted Answer

A) maintenance of porosity for the diffusion of small molecules between cells and tissues. 
B) presentation of growth factors to cells. 
C) resistance to compression. 
D) storage sites for extracellular energy reserves. 
A) maintenance of porosity for the diffusion of small molecules between cells and tissues. 
B) presentation of growth factors to cells. 
C) resistance to compression. 
D) storage sites for extracellular energy reserves.

Question 10

As fibroblasts form a three-dimensional structure in contact with the ECM,the cells bound to ECM:

Accepted Answer

A) exhibit less mobility. 
B) make the same adhesion structures as fibroblasts grown in two-dimensional culture. 
C) proliferate at a faster rate. 
D) de-differentiate. 
A) exhibit less mobility. 
B) make the same adhesion structures as fibroblasts grown in two-dimensional culture. 
C) proliferate at a faster rate. 
D) de-differentiate.

Question 11

What are the cytoskeletal proteins associated with hemidesmosomes?

Accepted Answer

Hemidesmosomes are macromolecu

Question 12

Which of these is NOT a component of plant cell walls?

Accepted Answer

A) collagen 
B) pectin 
C) cellulose 
D) hemicellulose 
A) collagen 
B) pectin 
C) cellulose 
D) hemicellulose

Question 13

How are cellulose fibrils laid down in parallel arrays?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose fibrils are synthesi

Question 14

Which of the following is the term used to describe a thin,sheet-like meshwork of extracellular matrix components that can be found in epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

A) basal lamina 
B) basement membrane 
C) gap junction 
D) cell wall 
A) basal lamina 
B) basement membrane 
C) gap junction 
D) cell wall

Question 15

Syndecans are cell-surface proteoglycans that:

Accepted Answer

A) bind to collagens. 
B) bind to multi-adhesive matrix proteins. 
C) anchor cells to the extracellular matrix. 
D) all of the above 
A) bind to collagens. 
B) bind to multi-adhesive matrix proteins. 
C) anchor cells to the extracellular matrix. 
D) all of the above

Question 16

What signal is released by endothelial cells to recruit circulating leukocytes?

Accepted Answer

A) Vesicle-sequestered P-selectins are moved to the cell surface. 
B) Vesicle-sequestered αL β2 molecules are moved to the cell surface. 
C) Integrins are cleaved from the plasma membrane so that the extracellular domain can bind leukocytes. 
D) Secreted glycoproteins trigger leukocytes to initiate "rolling" motility. 
A) Vesicle-sequestered P-selectins are moved to the cell surface. 
B) Vesicle-sequestered αL β2 molecules are moved to the cell surface. 
C) Integrins are cleaved from the plasma membrane so that the extracellular domain can bind leukocytes. 
D) Secreted glycoproteins trigger leukocytes to initiate "rolling" motility.

Question 17

People with a defect in the synthesis of the integrin β2 subunit exhibit reduced:

Accepted Answer

A) leukocyte attachment. 
B) leukocyte rolling. 
C) endothelial cell activation. 
D) extravasation. 
A) leukocyte attachment. 
B) leukocyte rolling. 
C) endothelial cell activation. 
D) extravasation.

Question 18

Basal lamina include all of the following,except:

Accepted Answer

A) type I collagen. 
B) type IV collagen. 
C) laminin. 
D) nidogen. 
A) type I collagen. 
B) type IV collagen. 
C) laminin. 
D) nidogen.

Question 19

In mice engineered to overexpress the syndecan-1 gene in the hypothalamic region of the brain and other tissues,normal control of feeding by antisatiety peptides is disrupted,and the animals overeat and become obese.Other studies have shown that syndecan-3 may also be involved in the regulation of feeding behavior.Given the following information,which of these outcomes might you expect in experimentally manipulated mice?
Hypothalmic expression of syndecan-3 is increased by fasting.
Syndecan-3 knockout mice are resistant to diet-induced obesity.
Heparinase can cleave syndecan-3 to release heparin sulfate GAG chains that may suppress the activity of antisatiety peptides and feeding behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) Overexpression of heparinase in mice with normal levels of syndecan-3 would result in resistance to diet-induced obesity. 
B)  In mice with normal levels of syndecan-3,fasting followed by free access to a high-fat diet would lead to resistance to diet-induced obesity. 
C) Lack of heparinase in mice with normal levels of syndecan-3 would result in animals that overeat and become obese. 
D) Overexpression of heparinase in syndecan-3 knockout mice would reverse the resistance to diet-induced obesity. 
E) There are two plausible hypotheses: 1)Overexpression of heparinase in mice with normal levels of syndecan-3 would result in resistance to diet-induced obesity;and 2)lack of heparinase in mice with normal levels of syndecan-3 would result in animals that overeat and become obese. 
A) Overexpression of heparinase in mice with normal levels of syndecan-3 would result in resistance to diet-induced obesity. 
B)  In mice with normal levels of syndecan-3,fasting followed by free access to a high-fat diet would lead to resistance to diet-induced obesity. 
C) Lack of heparinase in mice with normal levels of syndecan-3 would result in animals that overeat and become obese. 
D) Overexpression of heparinase in syndecan-3 knockout mice would reverse the resistance to diet-induced obesity. 
E) There are two plausible hypotheses: 1)Overexpression of heparinase in mice with normal levels of syndecan-3 would result in resistance to diet-induced obesity;and 2)lack of heparinase in mice with normal levels of syndecan-3 would result in animals that overeat and become obese.

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the structure of integrins?

Accepted Answer

A) Integrins cluster in cis until coming into contact with another cell,where a trans network forms. 
B) Integrins are homodimers of subunits expressed in a cell-type specific manner, 
C) A single integrin subunit forms heterophilic interactions with fibronectin and laminin. 
D) Integrins are heterodimers composed of α and β subunits. 
A) Integrins cluster in cis until coming into contact with another cell,where a trans network forms. 
B) Integrins are homodimers of subunits expressed in a cell-type specific manner, 
C) A single integrin subunit forms heterophilic interactions with fibronectin and laminin. 
D) Integrins are heterodimers composed of α and β subunits.

Exam 19: Integrating Cells Into Tissues

The collagen triple-helix domain is NOT:

What is the function of a gap junction?

A tight junction is made up of which of the following proteins?

Polymerization of collagen into large collagen fibers occurs:

Multiadhesive matrix proteins form adhesive bridges between what components or structures?

What effect might an injection of RGD peptide have on tumor cells moving through the blood/lymph system?

The functions of the extracellular matrix include:

Proteoglycans are:

Biological roles of proteoglycans and hyaluronan include all of the following,except:

As fibroblasts form a three-dimensional structure in contact with the ECM,the cells bound to ECM:

What are the cytoskeletal proteins associated with hemidesmosomes?

Which of these is NOT a component of plant cell walls?

How are cellulose fibrils laid down in parallel arrays?

Which of the following is the term used to describe a thin,sheet-like meshwork of extracellular matrix components that can be found in epithelial cells?

Syndecans are cell-surface proteoglycans that:

What signal is released by endothelial cells to recruit circulating leukocytes?

People with a defect in the synthesis of the integrin β2 subunit exhibit reduced:

Basal lamina include all of the following,except:

Which of the following best describes the structure of integrins?

Chemical Foundations

Molecular Genetic Techniques

Protein Structure and Function

Culturing and Visualizing Cells

Fundamental Molecular Genetic Mechanisms

Bio-membrane Structure

Genes Genomics and Chromosomes

Transcriptional Control of Gene Expression

Post-Transcriptional Gene Control

Transmembrane Transport of Ions and Small Molecules

Cellular Energetics

Moving Proteins Into Membranes and Organelles

Vesicular Traffic, Secretion, and Endocytosis

Signal Transduction and G-Protein Coupled Receptors

Signaling Pathways That Control Gene Activity

Cell Organization and Movement I: Microfilaments

Cell Organization and Movement II: Microtubules and Intermediate Filaments

Regulating the Eukaryotic Cell Cycle

Cell Birth, Lineage, and Death

Nerve Cells

Immunology

Cancer

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