Exam 32: Microbial Interactions

From which of the following body sites would you expect to isolate Staphylococcus,Propionibacterium,Streptococcus and Corynebacterium as the primary colonizing microbiota?

Microorganisms in the human colon are more often being described as mutualistic with human hosts rather than commensalistic.Why has this change in the definition of a symbiotic relationship occurred?

The loss of genetic information no longer needed for an intracellular existence by an obligate parasite is called genomic _____________ .

Insects frequently contain bacteria in their cytoplasm,and these bacteria form a mutualistic association with their host.

Although the intestinal microbiota for most people consists of the same types of organisms,the relative percentages of organisms varies significantly from person to person.

Many anaerobic Gram-negative bacteria are normally found in the duodenum.

A close physical relationship between two different species that may or may not be beneficial is called __________.

Microorganisms commonly associated with the human body are traditionally referred to as the

The term that refers to those microbes found as symbionts in a short relationship of a nongrowing nature is __________.

The reason coral reefs are among the most productive and successful ecosystems is due to

When Nitrobacter utilizes nitrite produced from ammonia by Nitrosomonas to obtain energy by converting the nitrite to nitrate,the relationship between the two organisms is

If the predominating microbiota of a particular human body site included Lactobacillus,Gardnerella,and Bacteroides,it would not be unusual to isolate which of the following genera as well?

In lichens,the fungi send projections of their hyphae across the algal cell wall in order to obtain nutrients from the photosynthetic partner.These projections are called

The average adult carries 10 times more microbial cells (10¹⁴)than human cells (average about 10¹³).

In the rumen,the carbohydrate fermentation end products include

The rickettsial parasite Wolbachia pipientis can

Which of the following would you expect to find in the tonsilar crypts?

Under normal circumstances,the microbiota of the skin is kept in check by

Methanogens are always engaged in relationships with other microbes because methane production requires

The skin surface is a favorable environment for colonization of Gram-negative bacteria.