Exam 15: Eukaryotic and Archaeal Genome Replication and Expression

What is the minimum number of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes needed to attach amino acids to all the various tRNA molecules?

The genetic code is translated in groups of __________ bases.

Differences in eukaryotic,bacterial,and archaeal transcription are attributable to both polymerase differences and organization of protein-coding genes.

A DNA site called a _____ is the binding location for a transcriptional repressor.

The unexpressed regions of split genes are called _______.

Key sequences exist within promoters,which vary somewhat among various promoters but are sufficiently constant that they can be represented by a sequence of bases most often found at each position.These representations are called __________ sequences.

When a DNA molecule is replicated,the daughter molecules contain one strand of parental DNA and one strand of newly synthesized DNA; this is called __________ replication.

Bacterial chromosomes,unlike eukaryotic chromosomes,often consist of a single replicon.

In order to add a single amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain,a grand total of __________ molecules or ATP or GTP are utilized.

The chromosomes of most bacteria are comprised of

A complex consisting of a single mRNA molecule with several ribosomes is called a _______.

The role of folding and secretion of proteins in eukaryotes and archaea is facilitated by the use of _____ protein systems.

The region at which the RNA polymerase binds is the __________ region.

A consensus sequence in the untranslated leader sequence of a prokaryotic mRNA,which serves as a ribosome binding site is called the _____ - _____ sequence. or

DNA replication is a complex and ungoverned process,and,as a result,the frequency of error is quite high.

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze covalent addition of __________ __________ to tRNAs.

A bacterial __________ is the nontranscribed region of the DNA to which RNA polymerase binds in order to initiate transcription.

Unlike other prokaryotes,archaeons (except Sulfolobus)have two origins of replication.

In eukaryotes a so-called cap consisting of __________ is attached to the 5' end of the molecule during posttranscriptional modification of hnRNA to produce functional mRNA.

RNA polymerase II of eukaryotes is responsible for transcribing _______.