Question 1

The transcribed and translated region of a gene is the __________ region.

Accepted Answer

A) leader 
B) promoter 
C) coding 
D) trailer 
A) leader 
B) promoter 
C) coding 
D) trailer C

Question 2

Each chromosome has one or more __________ site(s)where replication begins.

Accepted Answer

A) promoter 
B) replicon 
C) origin 
D) bifurcate 
A) promoter 
B) replicon 
C) origin 
D) bifurcate C

Question 3

While examining the sequence of nucleotides in the replicon region of bacterial DNA,you note an abundance of adenine and thymine base pairs.This leads you to conclude that this particular section of the DNA must be the

Accepted Answer

A) oriC site. 
B) Pribnow box. 
C) Shine-Delgarno sequence. 
D) ter site. 
A) oriC site. 
B) Pribnow box. 
C) Shine-Delgarno sequence. 
D) ter site. A

Question 4

Why did scientists originally believe that proteins,rather than DNA,were the molecules that directed protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Proteins were the more complex molecules in which genetic information could be stored. 
B) Proteins were more likely to have catalytic properties for synthesis reactions. 
C) Proteins were the same types of molecules as those that were being synthesized. 
D) At the time,more was known about the structure of proteins than that of DNA. 
A) Proteins were the more complex molecules in which genetic information could be stored. 
B) Proteins were more likely to have catalytic properties for synthesis reactions. 
C) Proteins were the same types of molecules as those that were being synthesized. 
D) At the time,more was known about the structure of proteins than that of DNA.

Question 5

Hershey and Chase used 35S-labeled protein and 32P-labeled DNA of T2 bacteriophage to infect cells of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

When RNA polymerase catalyzes the addition of a nucleotide to a growing mRNA chain,a byproduct of this reaction is

Accepted Answer

A) phosphate. 
B) pyrophosphate. 
C) orthophosphate. 
D) water. 
A) phosphate. 
B) pyrophosphate. 
C) orthophosphate. 
D) water.

Question 7

By using enzymes that destroyed DNA,RNA,or protein,Avery and colleagues were able to determine which of the three molecules was required to transform bacterial cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Ribosomes consist of __________ separate subunits that come together as part of the initiation process and dissociate immediately after termination.

Accepted Answer

A) two 
B) three 
C) four 
D) five 
A) two 
B) three 
C) four 
D) five

Question 9

Which of the following is not a complementary base pair usually found in DNA molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) Adenine-thymine 
B) Guanine-cytosine 
C) Adenine-uracil 
D) All of the choices are correct. 
A) Adenine-thymine 
B) Guanine-cytosine 
C) Adenine-uracil 
D) All of the choices are correct.

Question 10

What might be a reason for the accumulation of improperly folded protein complexes in the bacterial cell cytoplasm following translation?

Accepted Answer

A) A problem exists with the functioning of molecular chaperones. 
B) The cell is synthesizing proteins too rapidly. 
C) Polysomes are forming on the mRNA. 
D) The proteins are being transcribed but not translated. 
A) A problem exists with the functioning of molecular chaperones. 
B) The cell is synthesizing proteins too rapidly. 
C) Polysomes are forming on the mRNA. 
D) The proteins are being transcribed but not translated.

Question 11

Postranscriptional modification to remove introns is needed for the bacterial RNA that has codon,rather than anticodon,sequences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The genetic information in DNA is divided into units called

Accepted Answer

A) proteins. 
B) genes. 
C) genotype. 
D) phenotype. 
A) proteins. 
B) genes. 
C) genotype. 
D) phenotype.

Question 13

The process by which the base sequence of all or a portion of a DNA molecule is used to direct the synthesis of an RNA molecule is called

Accepted Answer

A) replication. 
B) transcription. 
C) reverse transcription. 
D) translation. 
A) replication. 
B) transcription. 
C) reverse transcription. 
D) translation.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?

Accepted Answer

A) Adenine 
B) Cytosine 
C) Thymine 
D) Uracil 
A) Adenine 
B) Cytosine 
C) Thymine 
D) Uracil

Question 15

Two amino acids that are found in some proteins due to exceptions in the universal genetic code are

Accepted Answer

A) pyrrolysine and selenocysteine. 
B) lysine and selenocysteine. 
C) pyrrolysine and cysteine. 
D) lysine and cysteine. 
A) pyrrolysine and selenocysteine. 
B) lysine and selenocysteine. 
C) pyrrolysine and cysteine. 
D) lysine and cysteine.

Question 16

The coding sequence in the DNA of __________ is normally continuous; that is,it is not interrupted by noncoding sequences.

Accepted Answer

A) prokaryotes 
B) plants 
C) mammals 
D) most insects 
A) prokaryotes 
B) plants 
C) mammals 
D) most insects

Question 17

Signal recognition particles (SRPs)are associated with the Sec translocation system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is not present in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Alpha carbon 
B) 5'-carbon 
C) Minor groove 
D) 3'-hydroxyl 
E) Double helix 
A) Alpha carbon 
B) 5'-carbon 
C) Minor groove 
D) 3'-hydroxyl 
E) Double helix

Question 19

The basic differences between RNA and DNA reside in their sugar and pyrimidine bases; RNA has ribose and uracil whereas DNA has deoxyribose and thymine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A scientist wishes to develop an antimicrobial agent that specifically targets replication elongation in Escherichia coli without interfering with proteins that catalyze other replication processes.Which of the following experimental designs is most appropriate for the scientist to explore?

Accepted Answer

A) Develop a molecule that interferes with the DNA-binding ability of DNA polymerase III core enzyme. 
B) Modify an existing antibiotic to act as a competitive inhibitor of DNA polymerase I. 
C) Design a drug that modifies the structural configuration of DNA at the oriC locus. 
D) Create a novel protein that acts as a competitive inhibitor of the DNA ligase binding site. 
A) Develop a molecule that interferes with the DNA-binding ability of DNA polymerase III core enzyme. 
B) Modify an existing antibiotic to act as a competitive inhibitor of DNA polymerase I. 
C) Design a drug that modifies the structural configuration of DNA at the oriC locus. 
D) Create a novel protein that acts as a competitive inhibitor of the DNA ligase binding site.

Exam 13: Bacterial Genome Replication and Expression

The transcribed and translated region of a gene is the __________ region.

Each chromosome has one or more __________ site(s)where replication begins.

While examining the sequence of nucleotides in the replicon region of bacterial DNA,you note an abundance of adenine and thymine base pairs.This leads you to conclude that this particular section of the DNA must be the

Why did scientists originally believe that proteins,rather than DNA,were the molecules that directed protein synthesis?

Hershey and Chase used 35S-labeled protein and 32P-labeled DNA of T2 bacteriophage to infect cells of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria.

When RNA polymerase catalyzes the addition of a nucleotide to a growing mRNA chain,a byproduct of this reaction is

By using enzymes that destroyed DNA,RNA,or protein,Avery and colleagues were able to determine which of the three molecules was required to transform bacterial cells.

Ribosomes consist of __________ separate subunits that come together as part of the initiation process and dissociate immediately after termination.

Which of the following is not a complementary base pair usually found in DNA molecules?

What might be a reason for the accumulation of improperly folded protein complexes in the bacterial cell cytoplasm following translation?

Postranscriptional modification to remove introns is needed for the bacterial RNA that has codon,rather than anticodon,sequences.

The genetic information in DNA is divided into units called

The process by which the base sequence of all or a portion of a DNA molecule is used to direct the synthesis of an RNA molecule is called

Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?

Two amino acids that are found in some proteins due to exceptions in the universal genetic code are

The coding sequence in the DNA of __________ is normally continuous; that is,it is not interrupted by noncoding sequences.

Signal recognition particles (SRPs)are associated with the Sec translocation system.

Which of the following is not present in DNA?

The basic differences between RNA and DNA reside in their sugar and pyrimidine bases; RNA has ribose and uracil whereas DNA has deoxyribose and thymine.

A scientist wishes to develop an antimicrobial agent that specifically targets replication elongation in Escherichia coli without interfering with proteins that catalyze other replication processes.Which of the following experimental designs is most appropriate for the scientist to explore?

The Evolution of Microorganisms and Microbiology

Microscopy

Bacterial Cell Structure

Archaeal Cell Structure

Eukaryotic Cell Structure

Viruses and Other Acellular Infectious Agents

Microbial Growth

Control of Microorganisms in the Environment

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Introduction to Metabolism

Catabolism: Energy Release and Conservation

Anabolism: the Use of Energy in Biosynthesis

Regulation of Bacterial Cellular Processes

Eukaryotic and Archaeal Genome Replication and Expression

Mechanisms of Genetic Variation

Recombinant DNA Technology

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Hershey and Chase used ³⁵S-labeled protein and ³²P-labeled DNA of T2 bacteriophage to infect cells of Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria.