Exam 14: Generalization

Which of the following in a study is most likely to produce better external validity?

Neil conducted a study on a group of women that involved them viewing cartoons for an hour under one of two environmental conditions-either alone or with other participants. After the study, the participants rated how much they enjoyed the time spent watching the cartoons. What can be concluded based on the results of this study?

One solution to the problem of generalizing to other experimenters is to use _____.

Compared to the general population, college students tend to have _____.

A factor that differentiates a meta-analysis from a narrative literature review is that a meta-analysis:

To examine the effects of drug therapy on depression, Mark located 45 studies using drug therapy with adults diagnosed with depression. Studies that included other additional treatments were excluded. He performed a statistical analysis of the results of these studies and concluded that drug therapy was effective in treating depression. In this case, Mark has conducted a _____.

Conceptual replications allow a researcher to:

Which of the following is true of a narrative literature review when evaluating generalizations?

The use of only college students, volunteers, or participants from one locale _____ the _____ validity of a study.

Dr. Paul found that college students between the ages of 18 and 23 performed better on a cognitive task in a low-noise condition than in a high-noise condition. Dr. Ben wants to repeat Dr. Paul's study by adding age as a variable-18-23 and 65-74. He predicts an interaction between the age and noise variables. In this case, Dr. Ben is questioning the _____ validity of the original study.

A consumer research firm is hired to determine which brand of laundry soap is most preferred by consumers. After surveying a sample of housewives, they find that the most preferred brand is White Suds. Which of the following is the greatest threat to external validity in this study?

What does a Solomon four-group design assess?

Which of the following statements is true about pretests?

Which of the following is true of conceptual replications?

What is most likely to be true of a study conducted on a group of males to analyze the effects of room temperature on task performance?

In studies that require human participants, the most common population studied consists of _____.

_____ validity is the extent to which findings may be generalized, while _____ validity refers to the ability to infer that there is a causal relationship between variables.

What refers to external validity?

Which of the following is likely to improve the external validity of a research study?

In a _____, the researcher combines the actual results of a number of studies in which the analysis consists of a set of statistical procedures that employ effect sizes to compare a given finding across many different studies.