Exam 13: Understanding Research Results: Statistical Inference

A researcher is interested in knowing whether responses to lowering the legal age for drinking alcohol varies by gender. Which statistical test would be most appropriate for this type of data?

How does sample size affect determinations of statistical significance?

The sampling distribution is based on the assumption that the _____ hypothesis is _____.

When comparing two group means, the _____ refers to the number of scores free to vary once the means are known.

Tevy reports that individuals who follow her diet plan lose more weight than individuals who follow Jake's diet plan. In actuality, there is no difference in weight loss between those following Tevy's diet plan and those following Jake's diet plan. In this case, Tevy's claim illustrates a _____ error.

When testing the differences between means, the _____ hypothesis suggests that population means are not equal.

If both the independent and dependent variables use nominal scale properties, the most appropriate statistical test would be the _____.

Which of the following is used to determine whether the results held up if an experiment was conducted repeatedly, each time with a new sample?

When the independent variable has no effect on the dependent variable, the effect size statistic will:

If a researcher proposes that there is a difference in the hiring preferences between veterans and nonveterans, such a situation represents the _____ hypothesis. If the researcher proposes that there is no difference in the hiring preferences between veterans and non-veterans, such a situation represents the _____ hypothesis.

All statistical techniques rely on _____ to determine the probability that the results are consistent with the null hypothesis.

A researcher studying the gender-based differences in the use of disciplinary practices predicted that men use power-oriented practices more frequently than women. In this case, the research hypothesis would suggest that:

With three independent variables and a single dependent variable, the most appropriate statistical test for analyzing the data would be the _____.

Ethan concludes that there is no difference in the driving ability of drivers who have consumed one can of beer and those who have consumed three cans of beer. However, there actually is a difference in the driving ability of the drivers. In this case, Ethan has made a(n) _____ error.

The larger the F ratio, the more likely the results are _____.

Aden finds that, on an average, men have higher starting salaries than women. In order to conclude that the differences in starting salaries are true differences and not a result of random error, Aden would employ the use of _____ statistics.

Alistair has obtained statistical significance in his study that examines the relationship between gender and voter preference. Which statement would Alistair NOT make?

Before employing inferential statistics, Alberto selects the probability level required for statistical significance. This level is referred to as the _____ of the test.

Dr. Afzal finds that students who work less than 10 hours a week have significantly higher test scores than students who work more than 10 hours a week. In order to determine the magnitude of the effect of work hours on test scores, he should calculate an estimate of the _____.

A manipulation check is especially important when: