Exam 11: Single-Case, Quasi-Experimental, and Developmental Research

In the context of reversal designs, the ABABAB design:

A researcher wants to test the effect of alcohol on driving performance. Participants first drive through an obstacle course before drinking any alcohol. The participants then drink 8 ounces of alcohol and drive the course again. After each trial, the number of traffic cones hit is recorded. The researcher finds that the number of traffic cones hit is greater before rather than after the participants drank the alcohol. What may best account for the change in performance?

A way to improve the interrupted time series design is to use a _____ design.

In an ABAB reversal design, the second "B" period is necessary to rule out:

A study is conducted in which the attitudes of the staff of a rehabilitation center are assessed; then the staff is exposed to an attitude-change manipulation, and attitudes are assessed again. Another rehabilitation center of similar size is also chosen; attitudes there are measured, and then assessed again after manipulation. This quasi-experimental design is called a _____ design.

Which of the following best describes a longitudinal study on children's development?

_____ usually occurs when participants who form the two groups in an experiment are chosen from existing natural groups.

To examine how a reward influences a desired behavior, a mother first counts the number of times her son makes his bed over a two-week period. For the next two weeks, she gives him a reward every time he makes his bed. Following this period, she stops rewarding him and again counts the number of times he makes his bed. This procedure would be an example of a(n) _____ design.

In a _____ design, a subject's behavior is measured over time during a baseline control period.

A school administrator wants to examine the effect of student lockers on class tardiness. He compares tardiness records of a school with no lockers to a school with lockers. What type of research design is this?

Regression toward the mean refers to the fact that:

A human resources psychologist is interested in the effect of work schedule on job satisfaction. She compares satisfaction scores of workers who work five 8-hour shifts with workers who work four 10-hour shifts. Which of the following types of design has the manager employed?

The serious flaw associated with the nonequivalent control group design is that ____ occur.

Which of the following describes a sequential design?

In the context of one-group pretest-posttest design, maturation effects occur when:

One method used to demonstrate the reversibility of the effect of the independent variable is a(n):

In the context of one-group pretest-posttest design, testing effects occur when:

A researcher records the number of motorcycle fatalities before and after the implementation of a mandatory helmet law. During the same period, she compares this number to the number of motorcycle fatalities of three states that do not have mandatory helmet laws. This research design would be an example of a(n) _____ design.

A researcher studies one group of children when they are 3, 6, and 9 years old and another group of children when they are 9, 12, and 15 years old. In the context of developmental research designs, the researcher has used the _____ method.

In a multiple baseline across situations design, _____.