Question 1

The use of chemical agents directly on exposed body surfaces to destroy or inhibit vegetative pathogens is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  disinfection 
B)  sterilization 
C)  antisepsis 
D)  sanitization 
A)  disinfection 
B)  sterilization 
C)  antisepsis 
D)  sanitization

Question 2

_____ is a control method that removes microorganisms rather than inhibiting or killing them.

Accepted Answer

A)  Disinfection 
B)  Filtration 
C)  Boiling 
D)  Radiation 
E)  Sterilization 
A)  Disinfection 
B)  Filtration 
C)  Boiling 
D)  Radiation 
E)  Sterilization

Question 3

Surgeons preparing for an invasive surgical procedure will scrub their hands thoroughly,and then they use a strong alcohol-based hand sanitizer which renders their hands sterile.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Each of the following is a target of antimicrobial agents except ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell walls 
B)  cell membranes 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  cellular proteins 
E)  cytoplasm 
A)  cell walls 
B)  cell membranes 
C)  ribosomes 
D)  cellular proteins 
E)  cytoplasm

Question 5

Chlorine and ethylene oxide are sterilizing gases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which of the following types of control agents would be used to achieve sterility?

Accepted Answer

A)  Virucide 
B)  Bactericide 
C)  Germicide 
D)  Sporicide 
E)  Fungicide 
A)  Virucide 
B)  Bactericide 
C)  Germicide 
D)  Sporicide 
E)  Fungicide

Question 7

Pasteurization is used to sterilize milk.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

All of the following act as surfactants except ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  detergents 
B)  quaternary ammonia 
C)  iodine 
D)  soaps 
E)  alcohols 
A)  detergents 
B)  quaternary ammonia 
C)  iodine 
D)  soaps 
E)  alcohols

Question 9

Which of the following factors will influence the action of microbial agents?

Accepted Answer

A)  The number of microorganisms 
B)  The type of microorganisms present 
C)  Temperature and pH 
D)  Mode and dosage of the agent 
E)  All of the choices will influence the action. 
A)  The number of microorganisms 
B)  The type of microorganisms present 
C)  Temperature and pH 
D)  Mode and dosage of the agent 
E)  All of the choices will influence the action.

Question 10

Prions require more extensive methods of sterilization than are needed for bacterial endospores.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Intermittent sterilization,which uses 3 days of lower temperature steam for short periods of time,is also called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  pasteurization 
B)  incubation 
C)  tyndallization 
D)  disinfection 
E)  desiccation 
A)  pasteurization 
B)  incubation 
C)  tyndallization 
D)  disinfection 
E)  desiccation

Question 12

Hydrogen peroxide is used in the process of sterilizing instruments such as endoscopes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Most microbial contaminants of food are killed or inactivated at freezing temperatures.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The presence of organic matter such as saliva and pus can interfere with the actions of disinfectants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The method of removing vegetative microbial life forms and debris to reduce contamination to safe levels is termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  antisepsis 
B)  disinfection 
C)  sterilization 
D)  decontamination 
E)  sanitization 
A)  antisepsis 
B)  disinfection 
C)  sterilization 
D)  decontamination 
E)  sanitization

Question 16

Dry heat

Accepted Answer

A)  is less efficient than moist heat. 
B)  cannot sterilize. 
C)  includes tyndallization. 
D)  is used in devices called autoclaves. 
E)  will sterilize at 121°C for 15 minutes. 
A)  is less efficient than moist heat. 
B)  cannot sterilize. 
C)  includes tyndallization. 
D)  is used in devices called autoclaves. 
E)  will sterilize at 121°C for 15 minutes.

Question 17

Which of the following is a disadvantage of dry heat methods such as using a Bunsen burner to incinerate microbes from an inoculating loop and the use of a hot air oven?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bunsen burners and hot air ovens only reach a maximum of 100oC so they are not effective against endospores. 
B)  Neither of these methods actually sterilize; they only kill vegetative cells. 
C)  Bunsen burners take too long to sterilize and hot air ovens are hazardous for the operators. 
D)  Use of an open flame can be dangerous and hot air ovens take much longer to sterilize than autoclaves. 
A)  Bunsen burners and hot air ovens only reach a maximum of 100oC so they are not effective against endospores. 
B)  Neither of these methods actually sterilize; they only kill vegetative cells. 
C)  Bunsen burners take too long to sterilize and hot air ovens are hazardous for the operators. 
D)  Use of an open flame can be dangerous and hot air ovens take much longer to sterilize than autoclaves.

Question 18

Alcohols

Accepted Answer

A)  denature proteins when in a 50-95% alcohol-water solution. 
B)  disinfect items when soaking method is utilized. 
C)  are skin degerming agents. 
D)  at 50% or higher concentrations dissolve cell membrane lipids. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  denature proteins when in a 50-95% alcohol-water solution. 
B)  disinfect items when soaking method is utilized. 
C)  are skin degerming agents. 
D)  at 50% or higher concentrations dissolve cell membrane lipids. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 19

Which of the following represents microbial control by osmotic pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pickling cucumbers and other vegetables for long-term storage 
B)  Placing fruit slices on a drying rack 
C)  Canning tomatoes after a summer growing season to use throughout the winter 
D)  The crew of the Mayflower using salted meats throughout their voyage to the New World 
A)  Pickling cucumbers and other vegetables for long-term storage 
B)  Placing fruit slices on a drying rack 
C)  Canning tomatoes after a summer growing season to use throughout the winter 
D)  The crew of the Mayflower using salted meats throughout their voyage to the New World

Question 20

Ionizing radiation is more effective than nonionizing radiation in killing or inactivating microbes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

The use of chemical agents directly on exposed body surfaces to destroy or inhibit vegetative pathogens is ______.

_____ is a control method that removes microorganisms rather than inhibiting or killing them.

Surgeons preparing for an invasive surgical procedure will scrub their hands thoroughly,and then they use a strong alcohol-based hand sanitizer which renders their hands sterile.

Each of the following is a target of antimicrobial agents except ______.

Chlorine and ethylene oxide are sterilizing gases.

Which of the following types of control agents would be used to achieve sterility?

Pasteurization is used to sterilize milk.

All of the following act as surfactants except ______.

Which of the following factors will influence the action of microbial agents?

Prions require more extensive methods of sterilization than are needed for bacterial endospores.

Intermittent sterilization,which uses 3 days of lower temperature steam for short periods of time,is also called ______.

Hydrogen peroxide is used in the process of sterilizing instruments such as endoscopes.

Most microbial contaminants of food are killed or inactivated at freezing temperatures.

The presence of organic matter such as saliva and pus can interfere with the actions of disinfectants.

The method of removing vegetative microbial life forms and debris to reduce contamination to safe levels is termed ______.

Dry heat

Which of the following is a disadvantage of dry heat methods such as using a Bunsen burner to incinerate microbes from an inoculating loop and the use of a hot air oven?

Alcohols

Which of the following represents microbial control by osmotic pressure?

Ionizing radiation is more effective than nonionizing radiation in killing or inactivating microbes.

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

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