Question 1

The degree of turbidity in a broth culture correlates to the amount of cell growth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

In a close relationship,a change in one partner that results from a change in the other partner is termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  mutualism 
B)  symbiosis 
C)  synergism 
D)  coevolution 
E)  antibiosis 
A)  mutualism 
B)  symbiosis 
C)  synergism 
D)  coevolution 
E)  antibiosis D

Question 3

Lithoautotrophs use inorganic nutrients for carbon and energy sources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

Which of the following require the cell to use energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Osmosis 
B)  Diffusion 
C)  Facilitated diffusion 
D)  Endocytosis 
A)  Osmosis 
B)  Diffusion 
C)  Facilitated diffusion 
D)  Endocytosis

Question 5

Obligate saprobes can adapt to a living host.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Growth factors

Accepted Answer

A)  are inorganic. 
B)  are synthesized by the organism. 
C)  contain elemental oxygen. 
D)  cannot be synthesized by the organism. 
E)  All of the choices are correct. 
A)  are inorganic. 
B)  are synthesized by the organism. 
C)  contain elemental oxygen. 
D)  cannot be synthesized by the organism. 
E)  All of the choices are correct.

Question 7

Saprobes do not need a carbon source for growth and metabolism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When microbes live independently but cooperate and share nutrients,it is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  symbiosis 
B)  synergism 
C)  mutualism 
D)  antibiosis 
A)  symbiosis 
B)  synergism 
C)  mutualism 
D)  antibiosis

Question 9

You have inoculated a Clostridium species into a tube of media.After incubation,you observe that there is no growth,and you remember that Clostridium is an obligate anaerobe.What is the best explanation for the observed lack of growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is not enough water in the environment for Clostridium to grow. 
B)  There is not enough oxygen for use when toxic oxygen is present. 
C)  Oxygen in the medium destroys the enzymes needed by Clostridium to undergo aerobic respiration. 
D)  Clostridium does not have enzymes to process toxic oxygen. 
A)  There is not enough water in the environment for Clostridium to grow. 
B)  There is not enough oxygen for use when toxic oxygen is present. 
C)  Oxygen in the medium destroys the enzymes needed by Clostridium to undergo aerobic respiration. 
D)  Clostridium does not have enzymes to process toxic oxygen.

Question 10

This microbe is photosynthetic,but in the absence of light it can use organic compounds as an energy source.Its carbon source is an organic compound.The appropriate classification for this organism would be ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemoautotroph 
B)  lithotroph 
C)  photoautotroph 
D)  photoheterotroph 
A)  chemoautotroph 
B)  lithotroph 
C)  photoautotroph 
D)  photoheterotroph

Question 11

Calcium is required for bacteria because it

Accepted Answer

A)  stabilizes the ribosomes. 
B)  stabilizes the cell wall. 
C)  maintains cellular pH. 
D)  makes strong cell walls. 
E)  stabilizes the nucleoid. 
A)  stabilizes the ribosomes. 
B)  stabilizes the cell wall. 
C)  maintains cellular pH. 
D)  makes strong cell walls. 
E)  stabilizes the nucleoid.

Question 12

When microbes are in a close nutritional relationship and one benefits but the other is not harmed,it is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  mutualism 
B)  commensalism 
C)  synergism 
D)  symbiosis 
A)  mutualism 
B)  commensalism 
C)  synergism 
D)  symbiosis

Question 13

Contractile vacuoles are

Accepted Answer

A)  used to expel excess water from cells. 
B)  found in bacterial cells. 
C)  important to certain organisms in hypertonic environments. 
D)  protein carriers in cell membranes. 
E)  used to bring solutes into a cell. 
A)  used to expel excess water from cells. 
B)  found in bacterial cells. 
C)  important to certain organisms in hypertonic environments. 
D)  protein carriers in cell membranes. 
E)  used to bring solutes into a cell.

Question 14

An organism that cannot tolerate an oxygen environment is a(n)______.

Accepted Answer

A)  obligate anaerobe 
B)  obligate aerobe 
C)  facultative anaerobe 
D)  aerobe 
E)  microaerophile 
A)  obligate anaerobe 
B)  obligate aerobe 
C)  facultative anaerobe 
D)  aerobe 
E)  microaerophile

Question 15

Which of the following properties is likely to be found in a pioneer colonizer of a biofilm on an artificial joint implant?

Accepted Answer

A)  The ability to grow at thermophilic body temperature,(37 º
C)  
B)  Surface structures for attaching to tissue 
C)  The ability to use the titanium from the implant as an energy source 
D)  No susceptibility to reactive oxygen species like peroxides 
A)  The ability to grow at thermophilic body temperature,(37 º
C)  
B)  Surface structures for attaching to tissue 
C)  The ability to use the titanium from the implant as an energy source 
D)  No susceptibility to reactive oxygen species like peroxides

Question 16

An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen-free environments is a(n)______.

Accepted Answer

A)  obligate anaerobe 
B)  microaerophile 
C)  facultative anaerobe 
D)  aerobe 
E)  obligate aerobe 
A)  obligate anaerobe 
B)  microaerophile 
C)  facultative anaerobe 
D)  aerobe 
E)  obligate aerobe

Question 17

Facilitated diffusion and active transport require a carrier protein to mediate the movement across the plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The term facultative refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  using oxygen for metabolism. 
B)  using light for energy production. 
C)  existing in a very narrow niche. 
D)  the ability to exist in a wide range of conditions. 
E)  using chemicals for energy production. 
A)  using oxygen for metabolism. 
B)  using light for energy production. 
C)  existing in a very narrow niche. 
D)  the ability to exist in a wide range of conditions. 
E)  using chemicals for energy production.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a step in binary fission of bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Protein band forms in the center of the cell to mark the division site. 
B)  Chromosome is replicated. 
C)  Mitotic spindle segregates daughter chromosomes. 
D)  Septum formation separates the cytoplasm of the daughter cells. 
A)  Protein band forms in the center of the cell to mark the division site. 
B)  Chromosome is replicated. 
C)  Mitotic spindle segregates daughter chromosomes. 
D)  Septum formation separates the cytoplasm of the daughter cells.

Question 20

After using jelly on a sandwich,you close the jar and place it on a room temperature shelf instead of in the refrigerator.When you open the jar several weeks later,you notice microbial growth on the surface.What type of organism is likely to grow in this environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria 
B)  Virus 
C)  Protozoa 
D)  Fungus 
A)  Bacteria 
B)  Virus 
C)  Protozoa 
D)  Fungus

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

The degree of turbidity in a broth culture correlates to the amount of cell growth.

In a close relationship,a change in one partner that results from a change in the other partner is termed ______.

Lithoautotrophs use inorganic nutrients for carbon and energy sources.

Which of the following require the cell to use energy?

Obligate saprobes can adapt to a living host.

Growth factors

Saprobes do not need a carbon source for growth and metabolism.

When microbes live independently but cooperate and share nutrients,it is called ______.

You have inoculated a Clostridium species into a tube of media.After incubation,you observe that there is no growth,and you remember that Clostridium is an obligate anaerobe.What is the best explanation for the observed lack of growth?

This microbe is photosynthetic,but in the absence of light it can use organic compounds as an energy source.Its carbon source is an organic compound.The appropriate classification for this organism would be ______.

Calcium is required for bacteria because it

When microbes are in a close nutritional relationship and one benefits but the other is not harmed,it is called ______.

Contractile vacuoles are

An organism that cannot tolerate an oxygen environment is a(n)______.

Which of the following properties is likely to be found in a pioneer colonizer of a biofilm on an artificial joint implant?

An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen-free environments is a(n)______.

Facilitated diffusion and active transport require a carrier protein to mediate the movement across the plasma membrane.

The term facultative refers to

Which of the following is not a step in binary fission of bacterial cells?

After using jelly on a sandwich,you close the jar and place it on a room temperature shelf instead of in the refrigerator.When you open the jar several weeks later,you notice microbial growth on the surface.What type of organism is likely to grow in this environment?

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

An Introduction to the Viruses

Microbial Metabolism: The Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Antimicrobial Treatment

Microbe-Human Interactions: Health and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

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