Exam 12: Problem Solving

People are most successful at noticing an analogous relationship between problems if they focus on

Actions that take the problem from one state to another are known as

The Tower of Hanoi problem is an example of a(n)____ problem that has been analyzed using the ____ approach.

Kaplan and Simon's experiment presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. The main purpose of their experiment was to demonstrate that

The analogical paradox refers to problem-solving differences between

Illustrative of functional fixedness, people are more likely to solve the candle problem if

A _____ string led to a restructured representation in the two-string problem.

Ill-defined problems are so named because it is difficult to specify _____ for the problems.

The fortress problem involves a fortress and marching soldiers, while the radiation problem involves a tumor and rays.Therefore, the two problems have very different

To reduce the likelihood of design fixation when completing a creative design task, you should

When the process of analogical problem solving was applied to the fortress and radiation problems, which of the following represented the mapping step of this process?

In its discussion of expertise and problem solving, your text identifies the kind of scientists who are most likely to make revolutionary discoveries in their fields.This particular discussion suggests that _____ may be more important than _____ in creative thinking.

Gick and Holyoak proposed that analogical problem solving involves the following three steps:

Which of the following statements does NOT apply to the results of research on differences between how experts and novices solve problems?

Finke's "creating an object" experiment had participants create a novel object by combining parts.Once they created an object, they were given the name of an object category and instructed to interpret their creation as a practical object or device within that category. Finke used the term preinventive forms to describe the

In the two-string problem, tying the pliers to one of the strings best represents a(n)____ state.

Experts categorize problems based on

Describe the Gestalt approach to problem solving and provide an example.

Divergent thinking is most closely associated with ____ problems.

Describe in detail the differences between the way experts and nonexperts go about solving problems.In your answer, highlight the advantages and disadvantages to being an expert in a field.