Question 1

Diversity through time is represented by the figure shown.Select the statement that presents an accurate interpretation.

Accepted Answer

A) There were more families of organisms during the Ordovician than the Tertiary. 
B) There were more families of organisms during the Cambrian than the Carboniferous. 
C) There were more families of organisms during the Jurassic than the Tertiary. 
D) There were more families of organisms during the Cretaceous the Tertiary. 
E) There were more families of organisms during Tertiary than the Cambrian. 
A) There were more families of organisms during the Ordovician than the Tertiary. 
B) There were more families of organisms during the Cambrian than the Carboniferous. 
C) There were more families of organisms during the Jurassic than the Tertiary. 
D) There were more families of organisms during the Cretaceous the Tertiary. 
E) There were more families of organisms during Tertiary than the Cambrian.

Question 2

Species formation among alpine buttercups in New Zealand was promoted by

Accepted Answer

A) mechanical isolation. 
B) gametic isolation. 
C) periodic isolation by glaciation. 
D) temporal isolation. 
E) geographical isolation. 
A) mechanical isolation. 
B) gametic isolation. 
C) periodic isolation by glaciation. 
D) temporal isolation. 
E) geographical isolation.

Question 3

Which one of the following factors was not important in creating the adaptive radiation of Drosophila in the Hawaiian islands?

Accepted Answer

A) The Hawaiian islands are an archipelago. 
B) New islands are constantly being formed. 
C) High rates of mutation due to radioactive materials in the lava flows. 
D) The existence of land islands called kipukas. 
E) The presence of unoccupied niches. 
A) The Hawaiian islands are an archipelago. 
B) New islands are constantly being formed. 
C) High rates of mutation due to radioactive materials in the lava flows. 
D) The existence of land islands called kipukas. 
E) The presence of unoccupied niches.

Question 4

The biological species concept proposed by Ernst Mayr emphasizes all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) hybridization between different species. 
B) production of fertile offspring within the species. 
C) natural populations. 
D) reproductive isolation from other species. 
E) interbreeding within the species. 
A) hybridization between different species. 
B) production of fertile offspring within the species. 
C) natural populations. 
D) reproductive isolation from other species. 
E) interbreeding within the species.

Question 5

Natural selection promotes speciation by all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) strengthening isolating mechanisms. 
B) restricting gene flow. 
C) character displacement. 
D) promoting polyploidy. 
E) affecting the survivorship of hybrids. 
A) strengthening isolating mechanisms. 
B) restricting gene flow. 
C) character displacement. 
D) promoting polyploidy. 
E) affecting the survivorship of hybrids.

Question 6

The phenomenon where one species diverges into many by occupying a series of different habitats within a region is called __________ __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The phenomenon where one species diverges into...

Question 7

Many male songbirds have very distinctive songs that are used to attract females.These songs are an example of a(n)________ isolating mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) ecological 
B) behavioral 
C) temporal 
D) mechanical 
E) gametic 
A) ecological 
B) behavioral 
C) temporal 
D) mechanical 
E) gametic

Question 8

To ensure that individuals mate with their own species a variety of communication cues have evolved.Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A) vocalizations 
B) pheromones 
C) visual signals such as body colors 
D) visual signals such as rituals,dances 
E) hormones 
A) vocalizations 
B) pheromones 
C) visual signals such as body colors 
D) visual signals such as rituals,dances 
E) hormones

Question 9

If populations within a common area split into species,the process is known as

Accepted Answer

A) sympatric speciation. 
B) allopatric speciation. 
C) racial speciation. 
D) ecotypical speciation. 
E) reproductive speciation. 
A) sympatric speciation. 
B) allopatric speciation. 
C) racial speciation. 
D) ecotypical speciation. 
E) reproductive speciation.

Question 10

Several species of sea urchins may inhabit the same tide pool and their reproductive periods overlap.Although they practice external fertilization,they seldom interbreed because eggs produce chemicals that are only attractive to sperm of their own species.This is an example of a _________ barrier involving ________________.

Accepted Answer

A) prezygotic;geographic isolation 
B) prezygotic;temporal isolation 
C) prezygotic;gametic isolation 
D) postzygotic;gametic isolation 
E) postzygotic;hybrid infertility 
A) prezygotic;geographic isolation 
B) prezygotic;temporal isolation 
C) prezygotic;gametic isolation 
D) postzygotic;gametic isolation 
E) postzygotic;hybrid infertility

Question 11

Diversity through time is represented by the figure shown.Following periods of extinction the total numbers of families of organisms

Accepted Answer

A) usually recovered within a million years or less,showing remarkable adaptive radiation. 
B) usually recovered within about ten million years,and have increased since the beginning of life. 
C) usually recovered within about ten million years,indicating the mechanism is probably punctuated equilibrium. 
D) usually did not recover at all-the total numbers gradually decline over time. 
A) usually recovered within a million years or less,showing remarkable adaptive radiation. 
B) usually recovered within about ten million years,and have increased since the beginning of life. 
C) usually recovered within about ten million years,indicating the mechanism is probably punctuated equilibrium. 
D) usually did not recover at all-the total numbers gradually decline over time.

Question 12

The basic unit of evolution and taxonomy is the

Accepted Answer

A) ecosystem. 
B) population. 
C) species. 
D) community. 
E) nichE. 
A) ecosystem. 
B) population. 
C) species. 
D) community. 
E) nichE.

Question 13

A type of isolating mechanism that leads to reproductive isolation after a hybrid zygote has formed is called _____________ isolating mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) hybridization 
B) postzygotic 
C) prezygotic 
D) adaptive 
E) differential 
A) hybridization 
B) postzygotic 
C) prezygotic 
D) adaptive 
E) differential

Question 14

Which one of the following is not an example of a reproductive isolating mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) sympatric isolation 
B) behavioral isolation 
C) ecological isolation 
D) mechanical isolation 
E) temporal isolation 
A) sympatric isolation 
B) behavioral isolation 
C) ecological isolation 
D) mechanical isolation 
E) temporal isolation

Question 15

Which of the following statements describe the assumptions of the gradualism model?

Accepted Answer

A) Evolution occurs in spurts,between which there are long periods in where there is little evolutionary change. 
B) Evolution proceeds incrementally,with incremental change in a given evolutionary line. 
C) There is variability in the rates of evolution. 
D) Speciation is essential to evolution. 
E) Periods of stasis occur. 
A) Evolution occurs in spurts,between which there are long periods in where there is little evolutionary change. 
B) Evolution proceeds incrementally,with incremental change in a given evolutionary line. 
C) There is variability in the rates of evolution. 
D) Speciation is essential to evolution. 
E) Periods of stasis occur.

Question 16

A type of isolating mechanism that leads to reproductive isolation by preventing the formation of hybrid zygotes is called _____________ isolating mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A) hybridization 
B) postzygotic 
C) prezygotic 
D) adaptive 
E) differential 
A) hybridization 
B) postzygotic 
C) prezygotic 
D) adaptive 
E) differential

Question 17

The production of new species through hybridization is sometimes made easier in plants by

Accepted Answer

A) adaptation. 
B) meiosis. 
C) parthenogenesis. 
D) hybrid sterility. 
E) polyploidy. 
A) adaptation. 
B) meiosis. 
C) parthenogenesis. 
D) hybrid sterility. 
E) polyploidy.

Question 18

All of the following are examples of prezygotic isolating mechanisms except

Accepted Answer

A) ecological isolation. 
B) temporal isolation. 
C) mechanical incompatibility. 
D) hybrid sterility. 
E) prevention of gamete fusion. 
A) ecological isolation. 
B) temporal isolation. 
C) mechanical incompatibility. 
D) hybrid sterility. 
E) prevention of gamete fusion.

Question 19

Adaptive radiation is best described as the

Accepted Answer

A) existence of groups of closely related species recently evolved from a common ancestor. 
B) existence of groups of distantly related species recently evolved from a common ancestor. 
C) existence of groups of closely related species recently evolved from different ancestors through hybridization. 
D) existence of individuals of closely related species that originated in different areas within diverse habitats,but that have rejoined as a single species. 
A) existence of groups of closely related species recently evolved from a common ancestor. 
B) existence of groups of distantly related species recently evolved from a common ancestor. 
C) existence of groups of closely related species recently evolved from different ancestors through hybridization. 
D) existence of individuals of closely related species that originated in different areas within diverse habitats,but that have rejoined as a single species.

Question 20

Which of the following phrases is not an essential part of the biological species concept?

Accepted Answer

A) morphologically distinct 
B) reproductive isolation 
C) independent evolutionary unit 
D) actually or potentially interbreeding 
E) no gene flow with other species 
A) morphologically distinct 
B) reproductive isolation 
C) independent evolutionary unit 
D) actually or potentially interbreeding 
E) no gene flow with other species

Exam 22: The Origin of Species

Diversity through time is represented by the figure shown.Select the statement that presents an accurate interpretation.

Species formation among alpine buttercups in New Zealand was promoted by

Which one of the following factors was not important in creating the adaptive radiation of Drosophila in the Hawaiian islands?

The biological species concept proposed by Ernst Mayr emphasizes all of the following except

Natural selection promotes speciation by all of the following except

The phenomenon where one species diverges into many by occupying a series of different habitats within a region is called __________ __________.

Many male songbirds have very distinctive songs that are used to attract females.These songs are an example of a(n)________ isolating mechanism.

To ensure that individuals mate with their own species a variety of communication cues have evolved.Select the exception.

If populations within a common area split into species,the process is known as

Diversity through time is represented by the figure shown.Following periods of extinction the total numbers of families of organisms

The basic unit of evolution and taxonomy is the

A type of isolating mechanism that leads to reproductive isolation after a hybrid zygote has formed is called _____________ isolating mechanism.

Which one of the following is not an example of a reproductive isolating mechanism?

Which of the following statements describe the assumptions of the gradualism model?

A type of isolating mechanism that leads to reproductive isolation by preventing the formation of hybrid zygotes is called _____________ isolating mechanism.

The production of new species through hybridization is sometimes made easier in plants by

All of the following are examples of prezygotic isolating mechanisms except

Adaptive radiation is best described as the

Which of the following phrases is not an essential part of the biological species concept?

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

Protists

Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

Coelomate Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Form

Vegetative Plant Development

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

The Musculoskeletal System

The Digestive System

The Respiratory System

The Circulatory System

Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

The Reproductive System

Animal Development

Behavioral Biology

Population Ecology

Community of Ecology

Dynamics of Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Conservation Biology

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The phenomenon where one species diverges into many by occupying a series of different habitats within a region is called .