Question 1

Proteins possess all of the following functions except

Accepted Answer

A) structure. 
B) metabolism. 
C) encode genetic information. 
D) membrane transport. 
E) cell recognition. 
A) structure. 
B) metabolism. 
C) encode genetic information. 
D) membrane transport. 
E) cell recognition.

Question 2

Humans are unable to get metabolic energy from cellulose because

Accepted Answer

A) cellulose contains very little chemical energy. 
B) cellulose is not part of a normal diet. 
C) cellulose digesting enzymes are absent. 
D) cellulose does not taste gooD. 
E) cellulose is present in large quantities in the gut. 
A) cellulose contains very little chemical energy. 
B) cellulose is not part of a normal diet. 
C) cellulose digesting enzymes are absent. 
D) cellulose does not taste gooD. 
E) cellulose is present in large quantities in the gut.

Question 3

Which of the following is not a protein?

Accepted Answer

A) enzyme 
B) antibody 
C) keratin 
D) pectin 
E) collagen 
A) enzyme 
B) antibody 
C) keratin 
D) pectin 
E) collagen

Question 4

A common lipid for energy storage is

Accepted Answer

A) phospholipid. 
B) steroid. 
C) triglycerides. 
D) cholesterol. 
E) wax. 
A) phospholipid. 
B) steroid. 
C) triglycerides. 
D) cholesterol. 
E) wax.

Question 5

All of the following are examples of monomer: polymer pairings except

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids: polypeptides. 
B) monosaccharides: polypeptide. 
C) nucleotides: DNA. 
D) glucose: starch. 
E) fatty acids: triglycerides. 
A) amino acids: polypeptides. 
B) monosaccharides: polypeptide. 
C) nucleotides: DNA. 
D) glucose: starch. 
E) fatty acids: triglycerides.

Question 6

You have recently identified a novel protein.After obtaining the protein sequence you realize that this protein contains several motifs and domains.How might this information help you to determine the function of your new protein?

Accepted Answer

A) All motifs and domains have a calatogued structure and function.Therefore,identification of such structures in the new protein will easily determine its function. 
B) Motifs and domains are patterns that exist in protein structure and are often associated with particular functions.Therefore,identification of such sites can provide insight into possible functions of the unknown protein. 
C) This information would not likely aid in determining the function of the new protein. 
A) All motifs and domains have a calatogued structure and function.Therefore,identification of such structures in the new protein will easily determine its function. 
B) Motifs and domains are patterns that exist in protein structure and are often associated with particular functions.Therefore,identification of such sites can provide insight into possible functions of the unknown protein. 
C) This information would not likely aid in determining the function of the new protein.

Question 7

People who are lactose intolerant can often consume some products made from milk such as cheese and yogurt.By comparison,people with a true milk allergy,which involves an immune response to milk protein,cannot consume milk or products made from milk.Given this information,which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) The protein that causes a true milk allergy is lactose. 
B) All people who are lactose intolerant are also allergic to milk. 
C) Yogurt contains live and active cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria and therefore prevents an allergic response in people with a true milk allergy. 
D) Lactose is a carbohydrate,not a protein and is therefore not the cause of true milk allergies. 
A) The protein that causes a true milk allergy is lactose. 
B) All people who are lactose intolerant are also allergic to milk. 
C) Yogurt contains live and active cultures of Lactobacillus acidophilus bacteria and therefore prevents an allergic response in people with a true milk allergy. 
D) Lactose is a carbohydrate,not a protein and is therefore not the cause of true milk allergies.

Question 8

Functional groups found in amino acids include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) -NH2. 
B) phosphate. 
C) -COOH. 
D) -OH. 
E) alkyl (linked multiple carbons with hydrogens). 
A) -NH2. 
B) phosphate. 
C) -COOH. 
D) -OH. 
E) alkyl (linked multiple carbons with hydrogens).

Question 9

Which of the following is not a component of nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

A) a five-carbon sugar 
B) a six-carbon sugar 
C) a phosphate group 
D) phosphodiester bonds 
E) an organic nitrogen containing base 
A) a five-carbon sugar 
B) a six-carbon sugar 
C) a phosphate group 
D) phosphodiester bonds 
E) an organic nitrogen containing base

Question 10

The special molecules that have large structures and characteristically made by living organisms are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A) macromolecules 
B) polysaccharides 
C) proteins 
D) carbon 
A) macromolecules 
B) polysaccharides 
C) proteins 
D) carbon

Question 11

This atom in its unbound state has four valent electrons.These electrons readily form single,double,and even triple bonds among themselves to become stable.This atom is

Accepted Answer

A) carbon. 
B) hydrogen. 
C) oxygen. 
D) nitrogen. 
E) phosphorus. 
A) carbon. 
B) hydrogen. 
C) oxygen. 
D) nitrogen. 
E) phosphorus.

Question 12

Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called

Accepted Answer

A) fatty acids. 
B) amino acids. 
C) nucleic acids. 
D) phosphate groups. 
E) sugars. 
A) fatty acids. 
B) amino acids. 
C) nucleic acids. 
D) phosphate groups. 
E) sugars.

Question 13

Muscle contraction is accomplished by a mechanism known as the cross-bridge cycle,in which myosin heads bind to actin and cause the actin filaments to move across the myosin filaments.Which of the following is capable of providing the energy needed for this process?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP 
B) FAD 
C) NAD+ 
D) enzymes 
A) ATP 
B) FAD 
C) NAD+ 
D) enzymes

Question 14

DNA and RNA are similar in some respects and different in others.Which of the following statements is not accurate about their similarities?

Accepted Answer

A) Both DNA and RNA nucleotides contain the nitrogen bases adenine,cytosine,and guanine. 
B) Both DNA and RNA always double helices. 
C) Both DNA and RNA contain monosaccharide sugars on their respective nucleotides. 
D) Both DNA and RNA are involved in the "Central Dogma" of biology. 
E) Both DNA and RNA contain phosphate groups on their respective nucleotides. 
A) Both DNA and RNA nucleotides contain the nitrogen bases adenine,cytosine,and guanine. 
B) Both DNA and RNA always double helices. 
C) Both DNA and RNA contain monosaccharide sugars on their respective nucleotides. 
D) Both DNA and RNA are involved in the "Central Dogma" of biology. 
E) Both DNA and RNA contain phosphate groups on their respective nucleotides.

Question 15

Relatively small organic molecules with a central carbon atom which is bonded to a carboxyl group,an amino group,a carbon containing group,and a hydrogen atom are called

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids. 
B) fatty acids. 
C) enzymes. 
D) peptides. 
E) nucleotides. 
A) amino acids. 
B) fatty acids. 
C) enzymes. 
D) peptides. 
E) nucleotides.

Question 16

Egg whites consist primarily of water and the protein albumin.When you fry an egg,why does the egg white turn from clear to white?

Accepted Answer

A) The protein becomes dissociated. 
B) The protein acquires tertiary structure. 
C) The protein becomes denatured. 
D) The protein becomes dehydrateD. 
A) The protein becomes dissociated. 
B) The protein acquires tertiary structure. 
C) The protein becomes denatured. 
D) The protein becomes dehydrateD.

Question 17

Phospholipids are created with

Accepted Answer

A) phosphodiester bonds 
B) peptide bonds 
C) a phosphate and two fatty acids bonded to glycerol 
D) sugar polymers 
A) phosphodiester bonds 
B) peptide bonds 
C) a phosphate and two fatty acids bonded to glycerol 
D) sugar polymers

Question 18

You recently identified a novel protein that contains several membrane-spanning domains.Which of amino acids would you expect to be most common in these domains?

Accepted Answer

A) nonpolar 
B) polar uncharged 
C) charged 
D) aromatic 
A) nonpolar 
B) polar uncharged 
C) charged 
D) aromatic

Question 19

__________ are polymers containing up to 20 different kinds of naturally occurring amino acids.

Accepted Answer

A) lipids 
B) proteins 
C) carbohydrates 
D) nucleic acids 
A) lipids 
B) proteins 
C) carbohydrates 
D) nucleic acids

Question 20

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)uses RNA,rather than DNA,to encode genetic information.During infection,however,HIV uses an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase to generate double-stranded DNA.Generally speaking,how would the enzyme generate a double strand of DNA from a single strand of RNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Reverse transcriptase first catalyzes the synthesis of a DNA copy from the viral RNA,and then catalyzes the synthesis of a second strand of DNA complementary to the first one. 
B) Reverse transcriptase first catalyzes the synthesis of a RNA copy from the viral DNA,and then catalyzes the synthesis of a second strand of RNA complementary to the first one. 
C) Reverse transcriptase first catalyzes the synthesis of a DNA copy from the viral RNA,and then catalyzes the synthesis of a second strand of RNA complementary to the first one. 
A) Reverse transcriptase first catalyzes the synthesis of a DNA copy from the viral RNA,and then catalyzes the synthesis of a second strand of DNA complementary to the first one. 
B) Reverse transcriptase first catalyzes the synthesis of a RNA copy from the viral DNA,and then catalyzes the synthesis of a second strand of RNA complementary to the first one. 
C) Reverse transcriptase first catalyzes the synthesis of a DNA copy from the viral RNA,and then catalyzes the synthesis of a second strand of RNA complementary to the first one.

Exam 3: The Chemical Building Blocks of Life

Proteins possess all of the following functions except

Humans are unable to get metabolic energy from cellulose because

Which of the following is not a protein?

A common lipid for energy storage is

All of the following are examples of monomer: polymer pairings except

You have recently identified a novel protein.After obtaining the protein sequence you realize that this protein contains several motifs and domains.How might this information help you to determine the function of your new protein?

Functional groups found in amino acids include all of the following except

Which of the following is not a component of nucleic acids?

The special molecules that have large structures and characteristically made by living organisms are known as ________.

This atom in its unbound state has four valent electrons.These electrons readily form single,double,and even triple bonds among themselves to become stable.This atom is

Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called

Muscle contraction is accomplished by a mechanism known as the cross-bridge cycle,in which myosin heads bind to actin and cause the actin filaments to move across the myosin filaments.Which of the following is capable of providing the energy needed for this process?

DNA and RNA are similar in some respects and different in others.Which of the following statements is not accurate about their similarities?

Relatively small organic molecules with a central carbon atom which is bonded to a carboxyl group,an amino group,a carbon containing group,and a hydrogen atom are called

Egg whites consist primarily of water and the protein albumin.When you fry an egg,why does the egg white turn from clear to white?

Phospholipids are created with

You recently identified a novel protein that contains several membrane-spanning domains.Which of amino acids would you expect to be most common in these domains?

__________ are polymers containing up to 20 different kinds of naturally occurring amino acids.

The Science of Biology

The Nature of Molecules

Cell Structure

Membranes

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Harvest Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

How Cells Divide

Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes Mapping and the Meiosis - Inheritance Connection

Dna: the Genetic Material

Genes and How They Work

Control of Gene Expression

Biotechnology

Genomics

Cellular Mechanisms of Development

Genes Within Populations

The Evidence for Evolution

The Origin of Species

Systematics and the Phylogenetic Revolution

Genome Evolution

Evolution of Development

The Tree of Life

Viruses

Prokaryotes

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Overview of Green Plants

Fungi

Overview of Animal Diversity

Noncoelomate Invertebrates

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Vertebrates

Plant Form

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Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition and Soils

Plant Defense Responses

Sensory Systems in Plants

Plant Reproduction

The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

The Nervous System

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The Musculoskeletal System

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Osmotic Regulation and the Urinary System

The Immune System

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Animal Development

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