Exam 8: Picture Archiving and Communication Systems

To be a part of a PACS, image ____________________ modalities must be digital in nature.

____, as defined by IHE, are information systems or components of information systems that produce, manage, or act on information associated with operational activities in the enterprise.

In a PACS environment, what has an impact on clerical personnel, technologists, and radiologists?

These definitions imply that PACS is a digital radiology computer-based system or medical device where images acquired from a patient are displayed on monitors for viewing and subsequent digital image ____________________.

Joint photographic experts group (JPEG)image compression features either lossy or lossless compression methods.

A display and ____________________ workstation used in a PACS environment is a computer workstation consisting of hardware and software to facilitate the display of digital images for diagnostic interpretation and for review purposes.

While offline storage cannot be removed and provides immediate access to images (RAM for example)within seconds, nearline storage is removable (RAID for example)with longer image retrieval times.

____________________ communication involves two devices, one called a user and the other a provider.

____, an independent organization, plays an active role in not only developing the skill set for PACS Administrators but also providing access to certification examinations.

The ultimate goal of workflow is to improve patient care and the efficiency of various processes, from patient registration and image acquisition to report generation, archiving, and image/report distribution throughout the health care enterprise.

Compression can be either ____________________ compression, or reversible compression, where no information is lost in the process.

In the ____, a system integrator provides all PACS-related service to a client, which can be the entire hospital or practice group.No IT requirements are required by the client.

In order for information to be communicated through the network, ____ are critical.

A CR examination consisting of two images with an image size of 2048 x 2048 x 12 will result in ____ MB of data.

In the early days of PACS development, FDA approval was not required since PACS was considered accessory equipment to image acquisition modalities.

The purpose of IHE is to ensure that all digital imaging systems and information systems from different vendors can communicate with each other using communication standards to integrate all ____________________ clinical information for the purpose of viewing such information collectively.

A(n)____ is the element that reduces the size of the image file, and is therefore a very important variable in studies examining the effects of image compression on image quality.

PACS workstations and their use is that of workstation ____________________.

Communication and integration of all of the ____ components require the use of communication protocol standards.

Digital image acquisition represents the final point where data and images are entered into a PACS, and, therefore, it is important that such entries are error-free, since errors generated here can propagate throughout the system, adversely affecting clinical operations.