Question 1

Which of the following tests allows the separation of cells according to their sizes,densities,and surface markers tagged by specific fluorescent antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A) Western blot 
B) ELISA 
C) Fluorescence-activated cell sorter 
D) FA test on a microscope slide 
A) Western blot 
B) ELISA 
C) Fluorescence-activated cell sorter 
D) FA test on a microscope slide

Question 2

Would antibodies produced by a patient in response to infection be monoclonal,or polyclonal?

Accepted Answer

A) Since the infection is from only a single agent/microbe,the antibodies would be monoclonal. 
B) Since a single pathogen has multiple antigens,and each antigen has multiple epitopes,the responding antibodies to a whole pathogen would be polyclonal. 
C) Since the pathogen would most likely mutate slightly during the infection (producing different epitopes),the responding antibodies would be polyclonal. 
D) Since the pathogen would acquire and modify self-antigens during the infectious process,the antibodies produced during the response would be polyclonal. 
A) Since the infection is from only a single agent/microbe,the antibodies would be monoclonal. 
B) Since a single pathogen has multiple antigens,and each antigen has multiple epitopes,the responding antibodies to a whole pathogen would be polyclonal. 
C) Since the pathogen would most likely mutate slightly during the infection (producing different epitopes),the responding antibodies would be polyclonal. 
D) Since the pathogen would acquire and modify self-antigens during the infectious process,the antibodies produced during the response would be polyclonal.

Question 3

Immunological tests may determine the presence of

Accepted Answer

A) only antibody. 
B) only antigen. 
C) antigen or antibody. 
D) neither antibody nor antigen. 
A) only antibody. 
B) only antigen. 
C) antigen or antibody. 
D) neither antibody nor antigen.

Question 4

The effectiveness of DNA vaccines stems from the effective production of antibodies against the naked DNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The term vaccination

Accepted Answer

A) is a general term that would include the process of variolation. 
B) was coined by Jenner. 
C) was coined by Pasteur. 
D) comes from the Latin for cow,vacca. 
E) is a general term that would include the process of variolation,was coined by Pasteur AND comes from the Latin for cow,vacca. 
A) is a general term that would include the process of variolation. 
B) was coined by Jenner. 
C) was coined by Pasteur. 
D) comes from the Latin for cow,vacca. 
E) is a general term that would include the process of variolation,was coined by Pasteur AND comes from the Latin for cow,vacca.

Question 6

Recombinant vaccines and inactivated vaccines typically require several shots to be effective.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Attenuated agents often give rise to a long-lasting immunity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A poorly understood,yet promising type of vaccine that causes the host to produce microbial antigens for a short time involves the use of

Accepted Answer

A) subunits. 
B) DNA. 
C) alum. 
D) toxoids. 
E) glycoproteins. 
A) subunits. 
B) DNA. 
C) alum. 
D) toxoids. 
E) glycoproteins.

Question 9

Injection of a single antigen usually results in production of

Accepted Answer

A) antibody to a single epitope. 
B) an antibody that recognizes several epitopes. 
C) additional antigen. 
D) a number of antibodies each recognizing a different epitope. 
A) antibody to a single epitope. 
B) an antibody that recognizes several epitopes. 
C) additional antigen. 
D) a number of antibodies each recognizing a different epitope.

Question 10

Which of the following methods allows monitoring of the progressive destruction of CD4 T cells during an HIV infection by tagging the cells with specific antibodies to CD4 surface proteins and measuring their concentrations in serum?

Accepted Answer

A) Western blot 
B) ELISA 
C) FACS 
D) Latex beads agglutination 
E) FA test on a microscope slide 
A) Western blot 
B) ELISA 
C) FACS 
D) Latex beads agglutination 
E) FA test on a microscope slide

Question 11

Monoclonal antibodies obtained from a hybridoma provide

Accepted Answer

A) a large amount of an antibody that is specific for a particular epitope. 
B) a single antibody that recognizes many epitopes. 
C) many epitopes that recognize a specific antibody. 
D) a large number of B cells. 
A) a large amount of an antibody that is specific for a particular epitope. 
B) a single antibody that recognizes many epitopes. 
C) many epitopes that recognize a specific antibody. 
D) a large number of B cells.

Question 12

The virus originally used for vaccination against smallpox is named

Accepted Answer

A) vaccinia. 
B) cowpox. 
C) rubella. 
D) herpes. 
A) vaccinia. 
B) cowpox. 
C) rubella. 
D) herpes.

Question 13

Agglutination reactions utilize particles rather than molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Agglutination tests can be used to diagnose diseases caused by

Accepted Answer

A) bacteria. 
B) hormones. 
C) fungi. 
D) viruses. 
E) All of the choices are correct. 
A) bacteria. 
B) hormones. 
C) fungi. 
D) viruses. 
E) All of the choices are correct.

Question 15

Precipitation occurs when

Accepted Answer

A) antigen combines with antigen. 
B) antibody combines with antibody. 
C) antibody combines with antigen. 
D) antibody combines with antigen at optimal proportions. 
A) antigen combines with antigen. 
B) antibody combines with antibody. 
C) antibody combines with antigen. 
D) antibody combines with antigen at optimal proportions.

Question 16

Inactivated immunizing agents are prepared by treatment with

Accepted Answer

A) alcohol. 
B) phenol. 
C) formalin. 
D) histamine. 
A) alcohol. 
B) phenol. 
C) formalin. 
D) histamine.

Question 17

Blood for transfusion is frequently tested for HIV by using the

Accepted Answer

A) complement fixation test. 
B) agglutination test. 
C) ELISA method. 
D) Ouchterlony test. 
A) complement fixation test. 
B) agglutination test. 
C) ELISA method. 
D) Ouchterlony test.

Question 18

The procedure developed by the Chinese to protect against smallpox was called

Accepted Answer

A) Oriental poxination. 
B) humoral immunity. 
C) variolation. 
D) naturally acquired immunity. 
A) Oriental poxination. 
B) humoral immunity. 
C) variolation. 
D) naturally acquired immunity.

Question 19

Which type of vaccine has been used in place of inactivated whole cell vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A) Acellular subunit 
B) Whole cell attenuated 
C) Adjuvant 
D) Toxin 
A) Acellular subunit 
B) Whole cell attenuated 
C) Adjuvant 
D) Toxin

Exam 18: Applications of Immune Responses

Which of the following tests allows the separation of cells according to their sizes,densities,and surface markers tagged by specific fluorescent antibodies?

Would antibodies produced by a patient in response to infection be monoclonal,or polyclonal?

Immunological tests may determine the presence of

The effectiveness of DNA vaccines stems from the effective production of antibodies against the naked DNA molecule.

The term vaccination

Recombinant vaccines and inactivated vaccines typically require several shots to be effective.

Attenuated agents often give rise to a long-lasting immunity.

A poorly understood,yet promising type of vaccine that causes the host to produce microbial antigens for a short time involves the use of

Injection of a single antigen usually results in production of

Which of the following methods allows monitoring of the progressive destruction of CD4 T cells during an HIV infection by tagging the cells with specific antibodies to CD4 surface proteins and measuring their concentrations in serum?

Monoclonal antibodies obtained from a hybridoma provide

The virus originally used for vaccination against smallpox is named

Agglutination reactions utilize particles rather than molecules.

Agglutination tests can be used to diagnose diseases caused by

Precipitation occurs when

Inactivated immunizing agents are prepared by treatment with

Blood for transfusion is frequently tested for HIV by using the

The procedure developed by the Chinese to protect against smallpox was called

Which type of vaccine has been used in place of inactivated whole cell vaccine?

Humans and the Microbial World

The Molecules of Life

Microscopy and Cell Structure

Dynamics of Prokaryotic Growth

Control of Microbial Growth

Metabolism: Fueling Cell Growth

The Blueprint of Life, From DNA to Protein

Bacterial Genetics

Biotechnology and Recombinant DNA

Identification and Classification of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Diversity of Prokaryotic Organisms

The Eukaryotic Members of the Microbial World

Viruses, Viroids, and Prions

The Innate Immune Response

The Adaptive Immune Response

Host-Microbe Interactions

Immunologic Disorders

Epidemiology

Antimicrobial Medications

Respiratory System Infections

Skin Infections

Wound Infections

Digestive System Infections

Genitourinary Tract Infections

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