Question 1

Prophages can be activated into viral replication and enter the lytic cycle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Classification of viruses into families involves determining all the following characteristics except

Accepted Answer

A) type of nucleic acid. 
B) type of capsid. 
C) presence of an envelope. 
D) biochemical reactions. 
E) number of strands in the nucleic acid. 
A) type of nucleic acid. 
B) type of capsid. 
C) presence of an envelope. 
D) biochemical reactions. 
E) number of strands in the nucleic acid.

Question 3

Viruses are simple,noncellular,and lack mRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Visible,clear,well-defined patches in a monolayer of virus-infected cells in a culture are called

Accepted Answer

A) patches. 
B) buds. 
C) plaques. 
D) cytopathic effects. 
E) pocks. 
A) patches. 
B) buds. 
C) plaques. 
D) cytopathic effects. 
E) pocks.

Question 5

Viral tissue specificities are called

Accepted Answer

A) ranges. 
B) virions. 
C) receptacles. 
D) tropisms. 
E) uncoating. 
A) ranges. 
B) virions. 
C) receptacles. 
D) tropisms. 
E) uncoating.

Question 6

Tamiflu is a common medication given for influenza treatment,its action being to protect and block sialic acid molecules on the surfaces of host cells and influenza virus envelopes as they leave the cell.Which statement reflects the mechanism of Tamiflu's action?

Accepted Answer

A) Tamiflu blocks protein synthesis of the viral genome. 
B) Tamiflu interferes with the replication of +ssRNA from the -ssRNA genome of the flu virus. 
C) Tamiflu interferes with the release of the budding viruses from the infected host cells. 
D) Tamiflu interferes with the metabolic properties of the virus. 
A) Tamiflu blocks protein synthesis of the viral genome. 
B) Tamiflu interferes with the replication of +ssRNA from the -ssRNA genome of the flu virus. 
C) Tamiflu interferes with the release of the budding viruses from the infected host cells. 
D) Tamiflu interferes with the metabolic properties of the virus.

Question 7

In general,most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____,while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____.

Accepted Answer

A) nucleus;cytoplasm 
B) cytoplasm;cell membrane 
C) cell membrane;cytoplasm 
D) cytoplasm;nucleus 
E) nucleus;endoplasmic reticulum 
A) nucleus;cytoplasm 
B) cytoplasm;cell membrane 
C) cell membrane;cytoplasm 
D) cytoplasm;nucleus 
E) nucleus;endoplasmic reticulum

Question 8

Viruses are considered ultramicroscopic because they range in size from 2 mm to 450 mm.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A specific animal virus has the ability to attach to and enter almost any animal host cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A/n _____ is the protein shell around the nucleic acid core of a virus.

Accepted Answer

A) capsomere 
B) capsid 
C) spike 
D) envelope 
E) monolayer 
A) capsomere 
B) capsid 
C) spike 
D) envelope 
E) monolayer

Question 11

A treatment for bacterial infections from the early 20th century has made a comeback-the use of bacterial viruses to eliminate bacterial infections.Which explanation most accurately describes this mechanism of action behind this treatment?

Accepted Answer

A) A wide variety of bacteria cause a large percentage of human infections,producing much sickness and death. 
B) Viruses can infect bacteria,transferring pathogenic genes.The viral genes can then be suppressed,causing the bacteria to not replicate viruses. 
C) The attachment structures on the virus and the receptors on the host cells make for exquisite specificity of viruses for particular bacterial species. 
D) Antibiotic resistance in humans is on the increase,so using a different kind of therapy is more beneficial. 
A) A wide variety of bacteria cause a large percentage of human infections,producing much sickness and death. 
B) Viruses can infect bacteria,transferring pathogenic genes.The viral genes can then be suppressed,causing the bacteria to not replicate viruses. 
C) The attachment structures on the virus and the receptors on the host cells make for exquisite specificity of viruses for particular bacterial species. 
D) Antibiotic resistance in humans is on the increase,so using a different kind of therapy is more beneficial.

Question 12

Diagnosis of viral infections sometimes involves analyzing the patient's blood for specific _____ that the immune system produces against the virus.

Accepted Answer

A) glycoproteins 
B) antibodies 
C) complement proteins 
D) antigens 
A) glycoproteins 
B) antibodies 
C) complement proteins 
D) antigens

Question 13

Bacteriophages do not undergo adsorption to specific host cell receptors prior to penetration.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Viral spikes

Accepted Answer

A) are always present on enveloped viruses. 
B) attach the viral capsid and envelope. 
C) allow bacteria to evade host defenses. 
D) are derived from host proteins. 
E) are for recognition among the various types of viruses. 
A) are always present on enveloped viruses. 
B) attach the viral capsid and envelope. 
C) allow bacteria to evade host defenses. 
D) are derived from host proteins. 
E) are for recognition among the various types of viruses.

Question 15

T-even phages

Accepted Answer

A) include the poxviruses. 
B) infect Escherichia coli cells. 
C) enter host cells by engulfment. 
D) have helical capsids. 
A) include the poxviruses. 
B) infect Escherichia coli cells. 
C) enter host cells by engulfment. 
D) have helical capsids.

Question 16

A naked virus only has a/n

Accepted Answer

A) capsid. 
B) capsomere. 
C) nucleocapsid. 
D) envelope. 
E) antigenic surface. 
A) capsid. 
B) capsomere. 
C) nucleocapsid. 
D) envelope. 
E) antigenic surface.

Question 17

Each virus is assigned a genus status based on its host,target tissue,and type of disease it causes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is not a viral order in the classification system?

Accepted Answer

A) Caudovirales 
B) Vaccinia virus 
C) Nidovirales 
D) Mononegavirales 
A) Caudovirales 
B) Vaccinia virus 
C) Nidovirales 
D) Mononegavirales

Question 19

All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except

Accepted Answer

A) gained as a virus leaves the host cell membrane. 
B) gained as a virus leaves the nuclear membrane. 
C) contain special virus proteins. 
D) help the virus particle attach to host cells. 
E) located between the capsid and nucleic acid. 
A) gained as a virus leaves the host cell membrane. 
B) gained as a virus leaves the nuclear membrane. 
C) contain special virus proteins. 
D) help the virus particle attach to host cells. 
E) located between the capsid and nucleic acid.

Question 20

A negative RNA virus must first

Accepted Answer

A) synthesize a DNA copy of its genome. 
B) synthesize a negative RNA copy of its genome. 
C) synthesize a positive RNA copy of its genome. 
D) transcribe reverse transcriptase. 
E) transcribe RNA polymerase. 
A) synthesize a DNA copy of its genome. 
B) synthesize a negative RNA copy of its genome. 
C) synthesize a positive RNA copy of its genome. 
D) transcribe reverse transcriptase. 
E) transcribe RNA polymerase.

Exam 6: An Introduction to the Viruses

Prophages can be activated into viral replication and enter the lytic cycle.

Classification of viruses into families involves determining all the following characteristics except

Viruses are simple,noncellular,and lack mRNA.

Visible,clear,well-defined patches in a monolayer of virus-infected cells in a culture are called

Viral tissue specificities are called

Tamiflu is a common medication given for influenza treatment,its action being to protect and block sialic acid molecules on the surfaces of host cells and influenza virus envelopes as they leave the cell.Which statement reflects the mechanism of Tamiflu's action?

In general,most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____,while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _____.

Viruses are considered ultramicroscopic because they range in size from 2 mm to 450 mm.

A specific animal virus has the ability to attach to and enter almost any animal host cell.

A/n _____ is the protein shell around the nucleic acid core of a virus.

A treatment for bacterial infections from the early 20th century has made a comeback-the use of bacterial viruses to eliminate bacterial infections.Which explanation most accurately describes this mechanism of action behind this treatment?

Diagnosis of viral infections sometimes involves analyzing the patient's blood for specific _____ that the immune system produces against the virus.

Bacteriophages do not undergo adsorption to specific host cell receptors prior to penetration.

Viral spikes

T-even phages

A naked virus only has a/n

Each virus is assigned a genus status based on its host,target tissue,and type of disease it causes.

Which of the following is not a viral order in the classification system?

All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except

A negative RNA virus must first

The Main Themes of Microbiology

The Chemistry of Biology

Tools of the Laboratory: Methods for the Culturing of Microscopic Analysis of Microorganisms

Prokaryotic Profiles: The Bacteria and Archaea

Eukaryotic Cells and Microorganisms

Microbial Nutrition, Ecology, and Growth

Microbial Metabolism: the Chemical Crossroads of Life

Microbial Genetics

Genetic Engineering and Recombinant Dna

Physical and Chemical Control of Microbes

Drugs, Microbes, host-The Elements of Chemotherapy

Microbe-Human Interactions: Infection and Disease

Host Defenses I: Overview and Nonspecific Defenses

Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Disorders in Immunity

Diagnosing Infections

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Skin and Eyes

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Nervous System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory System

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Gastrointestinal Tract

Infectious Diseases Affecting the Genitourinary System

Microbes and the Environment

Applied Microbiology and Food and Water Safety

Filters

In general,most DNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _,while most RNA viruses multiply in the host cell's _.